第三章 词语的翻译 3.1 词的指称意义(denotation)和蕴涵意义(connotation)的理解与表达 A) 翻译下列句子，注意句中划线部分词语指称意义和蕴涵意义的表达 1. 他两岁就学会看表了。He could _________________ even when he was two. 2. 我能看出你在想什么。I can __________ your mind. 3. 你要是觉得这东西还看的过去，就买下来吧。If you think ________________________, then buy it. 4. 他看出了她的破绽。 He ____________ her weak points. 5. 那是万万不行的。 That’s _________________ out of the question. 6. 我万万没有想到。 The idea ____________ occurred to me. 7. 党员应该虚心倾听群众的意见。A party member should listen carefully to the______________of the masses. 8. 他们对这项计划提出了修改意见。They made some___________________ for the revision of the plan. 9. 大家对你很有意见。 People have a lot of ____________________ about you. 10.他们就推举谁做下届总统侯选人取得了一致意见。 They have reached ___________________ on who will be the presidential candidate for the next general election. 11.他们在会上闹起了意见.They got into _____________________ at the meeting. 12.两位领导人就双边关系及共同关心的问题交换了意见。 The two leaders exchanged __________________on bilateral relations and issues of common concern. 13. 那件大衣的面子很漂亮。_________________________ of the coat is very beautiful. 14. 如果怕丢面子，就说不好英语。 If one is afraid of ________________________________, he cannot expect to speak English well. 15. 我是个爱面子的人，这种事我可做不出。I would not do such a thing---I’m _______________________________. 16. 不是我不买你的面子，实在是这事儿不好办。 I have shown _____________________________________, but there is really nothing I can do for you. I’d like to ________________________________________, but there is really nothing I can do for you. 17. 南京的风俗：但凡新媳妇进门，三日就要到厨下收拾一样菜，发个利市。这菜一定是鱼，取“富贵有余”的意思。 The custom in Nanjing is for all brides to __________________________ by gong to the kitchen on the third day and _________ a fish, _____________ stands for fortune. 18. 他是我父亲。 这姑娘是漂亮。 此人是书就读。 He _____ my father. This girl is ______beautiful. This man reads _________________________. 是古非今 是可忍，孰不可忍。 ________ the past to condemn the present. ___________ can be tolerated, what cannot? B) 请判断下列汉语成语的蕴涵意义与英文的equivalent是否相符 1. 打草惊蛇——to alert the enemy by accidental events before carrying out the planned attack to beat about the bush-----try to say sth indirectly(旁敲侧击） 2. 亡羊补牢——to repair the stable after a sheep is gone, still in time to avoid further losses to lock the stable after the horse has been stolen---贼走关门，为时已晚 3. 骨鲠在喉——to have an opinion that one cannot suppress to have a bone in one’s throat-----to avoid making one’s opinion known 4. 同舟共济——to cooperate and help each other in order to overcome a difficulty to be in the same boat-----to be in the same difficult situation or danger 5. 怒发冲冠——bristle with anger; to be in violent anger; fly into a rage to have one’s hair stand on end-----frighten sb; to fill one with horror or fright 6. 翻天覆地——earth-shaking; epoch-making to move heaven and earth-----do one’s utmost 7. 洗手不干——( of a thief. etc) to stop doing wrong and reform oneself to wash one’s hand of sb/sth-----to refuse to take any more responsibility for sb/sth 8. 扯后腿——to hinder; to be a hindrance to sb to pull somebody’s leg-----make fun of sb C) 请选择最合适的表达来翻译各句中的“心”。 Heart mind brain intention wish popularity feeling 必要时可更改单复数形式 1. 心有余而力不足 One’s ability falls short of one’s________________. 2. 您的建议我会永远铭记在心。 I will always bear your advice in_________________. 3. 如果你忘了她的生日她会很伤心的。You’ll hurt her___________________ if you forget her birthday. 4. 居心叵测 To nurse evil _____________________ 5. 得人心者得天下 Those who gain______________________ among the people will gain the power. 6. 劳心者治人，劳力者治于人。Those who work with ___________ rule and those who with their brawn are ruled. 7. 哀莫大于心死 The greatest despair comes from a devastated ______________. 3.2 词语英译与语言语境 1. 我在学校读书的时候，有所谓的“强迫运动”，我踢破过几双球鞋，打断过几只球拍。因此侥幸维持下来最低的体力。 In my school days, ________________________the so-called “________________ physical exercises”, I went in for many sports ___________________ many pairs of sneakers and rackets, thus luckily building up a minimum of good physique. 2. 身体好，学习好，工作好。Keep____________, study________, and work_________. 3.《天下第一鼓------陕北安塞腰鼓》 译文1：No. 1 Drum in the World, Ansai Waist Drum of Northern Shannxi 译文2：The Majestic Ansai Waist Drum Dance of Northern Shaanxi 4. 布衣素食 译文1：wear clothes of cotton and eat vegetables 译文2：wear___________clothes and eat _______________ food