Words and phrases
1. actin n. 肌动蛋白
A globular contractile protein. In muscle cells, actin interacts with another protein, myosin, to bring about contraction.
8. chemotaxis
n. [动物] 化学向性； [生物]趋化现象；趋药性 A locomotory movement of an organism or
cell in response to, and directed by, an external directional stimulus.
Most of the properties we associate with life are properties of the cytoplasm. Much of the mass of a cell consists of this semifluid substance, which is bounded to the outside by the plasma membrane. Organelles are suspended within it, supported by the filamentous network of the cytoskeleton. Dissolved in the cytoplasmic fluid are nutients,ions, soluble proteins, and other materials needed for cell functioning.
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n. 纤毛
Numerous short, hairlike structures projecting from the cell surface that enable locomotion.
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16. n．拟核，类核，核质体
17. n．核仁
18. n．胞核，神经核，核
19. n．吞噬作用
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n.质体，成形粒
质体是植物细胞中 由双层膜包裹的一 类细胞器的总称， 可分为白色体、有 色体和叶绿体。
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24. n．子座；基质
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27. endoplasmic reticulum
n. 内质网
The endoplasmic reticulum plays an important role in the biosynthesis, processing, and transport of proteins and lipids.
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A DNA-histone thread residing in the nucleus of a cell. Each chromosome possesses two telomeres and a centromere, and some contain a nucleolus organizer.
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A plastid in which photosynthesis is carried out. Chloroplasts occur in all photosynthetic organisms except photosynthetic bacteria and blue-green algae.
Lesson One
Inside the Living Cell: Structure and Function of Internal Cell Parts
Contents
Warming–up Words and phrases Text Analysis Simple exercises Additional Information
2. n．肌球蛋白
肌动蛋白
3.
Microfilaments are solid rods made of a protein known as actin.
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Microtubules are biopolymers that are composed of subunits.
5. cytoskeleton n．细胞骨架
28. nuclear envelope
n. 核膜，核被膜
29. Golgi complex
n. 高尔基复合体
30. basal body n. 基体
纤毛和鞭毛的微管组织中心
Words and phrases:
Actin centriole chemotaxis chloroplast chromosome cilia cytoplasm cytoskeleton dynein flagella lysosome microfilament microtubule mitochondrion
6. cytoplasm n.胞质
7. centriole
n.பைடு நூலகம்中心粒
An organelle located close to the nucleus in most animal and lower plant cells but absent from prokaryotes and higher plants.
Warming–up
植物细胞模式图
动物细胞模式图
Focus in……
Glossary ---about the proteins and organelles inside the living cell Structure and Function--- about the organelles inside the living cell
myosin nucleoid nucleoli nucleus phagocytosis pinocytosis plastid polysome ribosome stroma tubulin vacuole
II. Text Analysis
1. Cytoplasm: The Dynamic, Mobile Factory