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汽车及发动机英语专业词汇

汽车及发动机英语专业词汇铁路机车locomotive 有轨电车tram 无轨电车trolley 军用车辆militaryvehicle 蒸汽机steamengine 煤气机gasengine 汽油机gasolineengine 国民经济nationaleconomy 国内生产总值(GDP)GrossDomesticProduction 全拆散(CKD)CompletelyKnockDown 半拆散(SKD铁路机车 locomotive有轨电车 tram无轨电车 trolley军用车辆 military vehicle蒸汽机 steam engine煤气机 gas engine汽油机 gasoline engine国民经济 national economy国内生产总值(GDP) Gross Domestic Production 全拆散(CKD) Completely Knock Down半拆散(SKD) Semi-Knock Down改革开放 reform and opening技术引进 technical import国产化 localization支柱产业 pillar estate货车 truck, lorry公路用车 road vehicle非公路用车 off-road vehicle机体 engine body曲柄连杆机构 crank-connecting rod mechanism 配气机构 valve timing mechanism供给系 fuel supply system冷却系 cooling system润滑系 lubricating system 点火系 ignition system起动系 starting system底盘 chassis传动系 power train离合器 clutch变速器 gear box传动轴 propeller shaft驱动桥 drive axle行驶系 running gear车架 frame悬架 suspension前轴 front axle桥壳 axle housing转向系 steering system转向盘 steering wheel转向器 steering gear转向传动装置 steering linkage 助力装置 power assisting device 制动系 braking system控制装置 control device供能装置 power supply device传动装置 transfer device制动器 brake车前板制件 front end panels车身壳体bodyshell 附属装置auxiliarydevice货箱carryingplatform 发动机前置后轮驱动(FR)frontenginereardrive 发动机前置前轮驱动(FF)frontenginefrontdrive发动机后置后轮驱动(RR)rearenginereardrive车身壳体 body shell附属装置 auxiliary device货箱 carrying platform发动机前置后轮驱动(FR)front engine rear drive发动机前置前轮驱动(FF)front engine front drive发动机后置后轮驱动(RR)rear engine rear drive 汽缸直径 bore工作容积 working volume排量 swept volume, displacement 进气行程 intake stroke压缩行程 compression stroke压缩比 compression ratio做功行程 working stroke爆燃,敲缸 detonation, knock排气行程 exhaust stroke发动机中置后轮驱动(MR) midship engine rear drive 全轮驱动(nWD) all wheel drive驱动力 tractive force阻力 resistance滚动阻力 rolling resistance空气阻力 air resistance, drag上坡阻力 gradient resistance附着作用 adhesion附着力 adhesive force附着系数 coefficient of adhesion第一章发动机工作原理二冲程发动机 two stroke engine四冲程发动机 four stroke engine水冷发动机 water cooled engine风冷发动机 air cooled engine上止点(UDP) upper dead point下止点(LDP) lower dead point活塞行程 stroke 示功图 indicating diagram 汽缸体 cylinder block汽缸盖 cylinder head油底壳 oil sump活塞 piston连杆 connecting rod曲轴 crankshaft飞轮 flywheel进气门 intake valve排气门 exhaust valve挺柱 tappet推杆 push rod摇臂 rocker凸轮轴 camshaft正时齿轮 timing gear燃油箱fueltank燃油泵fuelpump汽油滤清器gasolinefilter 化油器carburetor空气滤清器aircleaner进气管intakemanifold排气管exhaustmanifold火花塞sparkplug点火线圈ignitioncoil断电器breaker蓄电池storag燃油箱 fuel tank燃油泵 fuel pump汽油滤清器 gasoline filter 化油器 carburetor空气滤清器 air cleaner进气管 intake manifold排气管 exhaust manifold火花塞 spark plug点火线圈 ignition coil断电器 breaker蓄电池 storage battery发电机 generator水泵 water pump散热器 radiator起动机 starting motor有效功率 effective power有效转矩 effective torque燃油消耗率 specific fuel consumption发动机转速特性 engine speed characteristic 节气门开度 throttle percentage部分特性 partial characteristic外特性 outer characteristic第二章曲柄连杆机构汽缸套 cylinder sleeve, cylinder liner 发动机支承 engine mounting风扇 fan放水阀 drain valve水套 water jacket分水管 distributive pipe 机油泵 oil pump集滤器 suction filter限压阀 relief valve润滑油道 oil passage机油滤清器 oil filter机油冷却器 oil cooler 活塞顶 piston top活塞头部 piston head活塞裙 piston skirt开槽 slot活塞环 piston ring气环 compression ring油环 oil ring环槽 groove活塞销 piston pin主轴承 main bearing主轴承盖 main bearing cap 主轴瓦 main shell连杆轴承 big end bearing连杆盖bigendcap 起动爪crankingclaw 带轮pulley 平衡重counterweight 发火顺序firingorder 扭振减振器torsionalvibrationdamper 第三章配气机构顶置气门(OHV)OverHeadValve 顶置凸轮轴(OHC)OverHeadCamshaft连杆盖 big end cap起动爪 cranking claw带轮 pulley平衡重 counter weight发火顺序 firing order扭振减振器 torsional vibration damper第三章配气机构顶置气门(OHV) Over Head Valve顶置凸轮轴(OHC) Over Head Camshaft 单顶置凸轮轴(SOHC) Single Over Head Camshaft 双顶置凸轮轴(DOHC) Dual Over Head Camshaft 多气门发动机 multi-valve engine气门间隙 valve clearance配气相位 timing phase气门杆 valve stem气门座 valve seat气门导管 valve guide气门弹簧 valve spring第四章汽油机供给系可燃混合气 combustion mixture消声器 silencer, muffler汽油 gasoline, petrol分馏 distil 热值 heat value抗爆性 anti-knock property辛烷值(RON) Research Octane Number 过量空气系数 coefficient of excessive air 理论混合气 theoretical mixture稀混合气 thin mixture浓混合气 thick mixture主供油系统 main supply system怠速系统 idle system加浓系统 thickening system加速系统 accelerating system浮子 float浮子室 float chamber针阀 needle valve量孔 metering jet阻风门 choke滤芯 filter cartridge沉淀杯 sediment cup泵膜 pump diaphragm油浴式 oil bath type石棉垫 a**estos pad预热 pre-heating汽油直接喷射 gasoline direct injection电控 electronic control蒸发性 evaporating property多点喷射muti-pointinjection 单点喷射singlepointinjection 电路控制circuitcontrol 分电器信号distributorsignal 空气流量信号airflowsignal 冷却水温信号watertemperaturesignal 第五章柴油机供给系输油泵trans多点喷射 muti-point injection单点喷射 single point injection电路控制 circuit control分电器信号 distributor signal空气流量信号 airflow signal冷却水温信号 water temperature signal第五章柴油机供给系输油泵 transfer pump喷油泵 fuel injection pump高压油管 high pressure fuel pipe发火性 ignition property黏度 viscosity凝点 condensing point备燃期 pri-combustion period速燃期 rapid combustion period缓燃期 slow combustion period燃烧室 combustion chamber统一燃烧室 united chamber球形燃烧室 ball shape chamber涡流室 turbulence chamber预燃室 pri-combustion chamber喷油器 injector精密偶件 precise couple柱塞 plunger出油阀 delivery valve调速器 governor两速调速器 two speed governor全速调速器 full speed governor定速调速器 fixed speed governor综合调速器 combined governor气动调速器 pneumatic governor机械离心式调速器 mechanical centrifugal governor 复合式调速器 complex governor喷油提前角调节装置 advancer飞块 flyweight联轴节 coupling粗滤清器 primary filter细滤清器 secondary filter涡轮增压器 turbocharger中间冷却器 intermediate cooler第七章冷却系节温器 thermostat防冻液 anti-freezing liquid补偿水桶 compensation reservoirV-带 V belt百叶窗 shutter大循环 big circulation小循环 small circulation散热翅片fins 第八章润滑系润滑剂lubricant 压力润滑pressurelubrication 飞溅润滑splashlubrication 润滑脂grease 机油压力传感器oilpressuresensor 油封oilseal 旁通阀bypassvalve 机油散热器oilcooler 机油尺di散热翅片 fins第八章润滑系润滑剂 lubricant压力润滑 pressure lubrication飞溅润滑 splash lubrication润滑脂 grease机油压力传感器 oil pressure sensor 油封 oil seal旁通阀 bypass valve离心式点火提前装置 centrifugal ignition advancer 真空式点火提前装置 vacuum ignition advancer辛烷值校正器 octane number rectifier中心电极 central electrode侧电极 side electrode瓷绝缘体 ceramic insulator机油散热器 oil cooler机油尺 dip stick加机油口 oil filler曲轴箱通风 crankcase ventilation 第九章点火系一次绕组 primary winding二次绕组 secondary winding热敏电阻 heat sensitive resistance 点火提前 ignition advance分电器 distributor活动触点 moving contact固定触点 fixed contact分火头 distributor rotor arm电容器 condenser点火提前装置 ignition advancer跳火间隙 spark gap半导体点火系 semi-conductor ignition system 晶体管 transistor二极管 diode三极管 triode无触点点火系 non-contact ignition system 霍尔效应 Hall effect正极板 anode负极板 cathode隔板 separator电解液 electrolyte蓄电池格 battery cell接线柱 terminal电缆 cable硅整流交流发电机silicon rectified A.C. motor转子 rotor定子 stator电刷 brush风扇叶轮fanblade 电压调节器voltageregulator 第十章起动系手摇起动cranking 电热塞electricheaterplug 串激直流发电机serialwoundD.C.motor 起动齿圈starterring 电磁操纵机构electro-magneticcontrol 第十一章风扇叶轮 fan blade电压调节器 voltage regulator第十章起动系手摇起动 cranking电热塞 electric heater plug串激直流发电机 serial wound D.C. motor 起动齿圈 starter ring电磁操纵机构 electro-magnetic control 第十一章新型发动机三角活塞 triangular piston转子发动机 rotary engine自转 rotary motion, rotation公转 orbit motion轨迹 trajectory齿轮 gear齿圈 ring gear往复零件 reciprocal parts动平衡 dynamic balance燃气涡轮发动机 gas turbine第十二章汽车传动系自动式传动系 automatic transmission 减速 reduction可变速比 variable ratios有级变速 definite ratios无级变速 indefinite ratios无级变速器(CVT) Continuously Variable Transmission 一般布置 general layout发动机横置 lateral engine positioning分动器 transfer case, transfer box第十三章离合器接合柔和 smooth engagement分离彻底 thorough separation过载 overload摩擦表面 friction surface摩擦衬片 friction liner毂 hub主动部分 driving part从动部分 driven part花键 spline机械式传动系 mechanical transmission 液力机械式传动系 hydro-mechanical transmission静液式传动系 static-hydraulic transmission电力式传动系 electrical transmission 压盘 pressure plate离合器盖 cover plate分离杠杆 release lever 分离套筒 release sleeve 分离轴承 release bearing主缸mastercylinder 工作缸workingcylinder 分离*releasefork 间隙调整clearanceadjustment 打滑slip 踏板pedal 踏板自由行程pedalfreestroke 踏板工作行程pedalworkingstroke 铆钉,铆接rivet 双片离合器dualdiscc主缸 master cylinder工作缸 working cylinder分离* release fork间隙调整 clearance adjustment打滑 slip踏板 pedal踏板自由行程 pedal free stroke踏板工作行程 pedal working stroke铆钉,铆接 rivet双片离合器 dual disc clutch中央弹簧离合器 central spring clutch膜片弹簧离合器 diaphragm spring clutch非线性 non-linear第十四章变速器与分动器输入轴(第一轴)input shaft, drive shaft输出轴(第二轴)output shaft, main shaft中间轴 counter shaft倒挡轴 reverse gear shaft常啮合 constant mesh低速挡 low gear高速挡 high gear最高速挡 top gear空挡 neutral gear一挡 the first gear 二挡 the second gear三挡 the third gear倒挡 reverse gear直接挡 direct gear超速挡 overdrive动力输出 power take-off换挡 shift啮合套 sliding sleeve同步器 synchronizer同步锥面 synchro cone变速杆 shifting lever手柄 handle球铰链 ball joint换挡拨叉 shifting fork自锁 self-lock互锁 inter-lock变速驱动桥 transaxle加力挡 low gear第十五章液力机械传动液力偶合器 hydraulic coupling 泵轮 impeller涡轮 turbine叶片 blade液力变矩器 torque converter导轮stator 行星齿轮系planetarygearsystem 太阳轮sungear 行星轮planetpinion 行星架planetcarrier 齿圈ringgear 第十六章传动轴万向节universaljoint,U-joint 十字轴式万向节CardantypeU-joint 叉子yoke,fork 十导轮 stator 主动(小)齿轮 drive pinion行星齿轮系 planetary gear system太阳轮 sun gear行星轮 planet pinion行星架 planet carrier齿圈 ring gear第十六章传动轴万向节 universal joint, U-joint十字轴式万向节Cardan type U-joint叉子 yoke, fork十字轴 spider, center cross滚针轴承 needle bearing滑脂嘴(油嘴)lubricating fitting, nipple等角速 constant angular velocity双联式万向节 dual Cardan type U-joint球*式万向节 Weiss type U-joint球笼式万向节 Rzeppa type U-joint星形套 inner race housing球形壳 outer race shell保持架,球笼 retainer, ball cage挠性万向节 flexible U-joint无缝钢管 seamless steel tube第十七章驱动桥主减速器 final drive从动(大)齿轮 ring gear伞齿轮 bevel gear双曲面齿轮 hypoid gear单级减速 single reduction双级减速 double reduction贯通式主减速器 penetrable final drive双速主减速器 double gear (speed) final drive 轮边减速器 wheel reduction差速器 differential半轴齿轮 differential side gear差速锁 differential lock轴间差速器 inter-axle differential lock 托森差速器 torque sensitive differential 半轴 axle shaft全浮式半轴 float type axle shaft半浮式半轴 semi-float type axle shaft桥壳 axle housing桥壳后盖 final drive rear cover第十八章行驶系行驶系 running gear车架 frame车桥,车轴 axle悬架 suspension半履带式汽车semi-caterpillarvehicle 第十九章车架边梁式车架laddertypeframe 纵梁siderail 横梁crossmember 保险杠bumper 托架bracket 支承support 拖钩towhook 中梁式车架backbonetypeframe 桁架式车架latticet半履带式汽车 semi-caterpillar vehicle第十九章车架边梁式车架 ladder type frame纵梁 side rail横梁 cross member保险杠 bumper托架 bracket支承 support拖钩 tow hook中梁式车架 backbone type frame桁架式车架 lattice type frame第二十章车桥和车轮支持桥 support axle 轮辋 rim轮辐 spoke车轮装饰罩 hub cap 轮胎 tyre, tire胎冠 crown, tread 花纹 pattern胎侧 side wall帘布层 cord, ply尼龙,锦纶 nylon带束层 belted layer 内胎 tube垫带 protector转向桥 steering axle桥梁 axle beam工字形断面 I-section转向节 knuckle主销 king pin轮毂 wheel hub转向轮定位 steering wheel alignment 主销后倾 caster主销内倾 king pin inclination前轮外倾 camber前轮前束 toe-in转向驱动桥 steering and driving axle 胎圈 bead气门嘴 bleed valve气门芯 valve core子午线轮胎 radial tire无内胎轮胎 tubeless tire刺穿 puncture备胎 spare tire第二十一章悬架弹性元件 spring, elastic element 减振器 sock absorber导向机构 control device横向稳定器(杆)stabilizer,anti-rollbar 悬架刚度suspensionstiffness 簧载质量sprungmass 非簧载质量unsprungmass 静挠度staticdeformation 独立悬架independentsuspension 车轮上跳(减振器压缩行程)jounce 车横向稳定器(杆)stabilizer, anti-roll bar 悬架刚度 suspension stiffness簧载质量 sprung mass非簧载质量 unsprung mass静挠度 static deformation独立悬架 independent suspension车轮上跳(减振器压缩行程) jounce车轮回跳(减振器伸张行程) rebound双向作用减振器double action shock absorber单向作用减振器single action shock absorber筒式减振器 telescopic shock absorber吊环 link ring工作缸 working cylinder贮油缸 reservoir流通阀(进液阀)intake valve伸张阀 rebound valve压缩阀 compression valve补偿阀 compensation valve充气减振器 gas filled shock absorber压力可调减振器pressure adjustable shock absorber钢板弹簧 leaf spring中心螺栓 central bolt弹簧夹 clip螺旋弹簧 coil spring 扭杆弹簧 torsional bar 囊式空气弹簧 bellow type air spring膜式空气弹簧 diaphragm type air spring 橡胶弹簧 rubber spring卷耳 spring eye吊耳 shackleU形螺栓 U-bolt弹簧盖板 spring plate副簧 auxiliary spring主簧 main spring横臂式悬架 transversal type suspension 双横臂式悬架 double wishbone suspension 转向轴线 steering axis纵摆臂式 trailing arm type滑柱式 strut type麦弗逊式 McPhaeson type平衡悬架 tandem axle suspension第二十二章转向系机械(手动)转向系 manual steering system转向盘 steering wheel转向轴 steering shaft转向柱 steering column转向传动轴 steering drive shaft转向器 steering gear直拉杆draglink 转向节knuckle 转向节臂knucklearm 梯形臂steeringarm 横拉杆tierod 转向轮偏转角关系steeringgeometry 转弯半径turningradius 循环球式转向器recirculatingballsteeringgear 转向螺杆steeringscrew直拉杆 drag link转向节 knuckle转向节臂 knuckle arm梯形臂 steering arm横拉杆 tie rod转向轮偏转角关系 steering geometry转弯半径 turning radius循环球式转向器 recirculating ball steering gear 转向螺杆 steering screw转向螺母 steering nut齿扇 sector齿轮齿条式转向器 rack and pinion steering gear蜗杆曲柄指销式转向器 worm and crankpin steering gear 动力转向 power steering转向油罐 steering reservoir转向油泵 steering oil pump第二十三章制动系鼓式制动器 drum brake制动蹄 brake shoe轮缸 wheel cylinder制动底板 brake base plate调整凸轮 adjustable cam制动蹄回位弹簧 retainer spring领蹄 leading shoe从蹄 trailing shoe盘式制动器 disc brake制动钳 brake calipers制动盘 brake disc液压制动系 fluid braking system制动液 brake fluid制动主缸 master cylinder气压制动系 pneumatic braking system 空气压缩机 air compressor制动气室 brake chamber贮气筒 reservoir制动阀 brake valve气压调节阀 air pressure governor伺服制动系 servo braking system真空助力器 vacuum booster防抱死制动系(ABS) Anti-lock Braking System 辅助制动器 auxiliary brake缓速器 retarder排气制动 exhaust braking第二十四章车身车身壳体 body shell非承载式车身 separate frame construction承载式车身 unitary construction, integral body 发动机舱 engine compartment客厢,乘客室passengercompartment 行李箱trunk 发动机罩hood,bonnet 前翼板frontfender,frontwing 前挡泥板frontfenderapron 前围板dashboard,firewall 前风窗windscreen,windshield 前围cowl,shroud 顶盖roof 地客厢,乘客室 passenger compartment 行李箱 trunk发动机罩 hood, bonnet前翼板 front fender, front wing前挡泥板 front fender apron 暖气装置 heater空调装置 air conditioner 座椅 seat头枕 head restraint安全带 safety seat belt前围板 dash board, fire wall前风窗 windscreen, windshield前围 cowl, shroud顶盖 roof地板 floor panel行李箱盖 trunk lid, deck lid后围板 rear end panel前柱 front pillar, “A” pillar 中柱 center pillar, “B” pillar 后柱 rear pillar, “C” pillar 上边梁 roof rail门槛 rocker panel仪表板 instrument panel遮阳板 sun visor刮水器 wiper后视镜 rear view mirror门锁 door lock玻璃升降器 window regulator密封条 weather strip 钢化玻璃 toughened glass夹层玻璃 laminated glass货箱 carrying platform边板 side board后板 tail board前板 head board地板,底板 floor board栓杆 tightening latch第二十五章附属设备车速表 speedometer里程表 mileage recorder机油压力表 oil pressure gauge 燃油表 fuel gauge水温表 water temperature gauge 电流表 ammeter前大灯 head lamp转向指示灯 turning indicator制动信号灯 braking signal light 报警信号装置 warning signal。

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