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If 条件句的用法1


虚拟
分句) 如果句子的前半段 (if -分句) 是表现现在不大 分句 可能实现的条件,而后半段(主句) 可能实现的条件,而后半段(主句)却表示与过 去事实相反的情况,前后在逻辑意义上不相协调。 去事实相反的情况,前后在逻辑意义上不相协调。 但在保证句子合乎逻辑的前提下, 但在保证句子合乎逻辑的前提下,也可根据语义 意图混合实用俩种句型的动词形式 If he had wanted to dance ,I'd have taken him to discotheque(迪斯科舞厅) 迪斯科舞厅) 迪斯科舞厅
虚拟(第三条件句·第四条件句)
这种是非真实条件句( 这种是非真实条件句(unreal conditional) 的一 所谓“非真实条件” 种。所谓“非真实条件”,在语义上包含着不同 程度的“非真实性” 程度的“非真实性”。这种类型的条件句也可分 为基本形式和变体形式。 为基本形式和变体形式。
虚拟
虚拟
这种句型的动词形式还可根据语义意图采用进行 体形式。 体形式。
If we were on holiday now , we 'd be having a wonderful time
虚拟
变体形式 (If) were to +inf+(main)would,etc+inf 例: If our train were to arrive punctually, we should have time to visit your sister. 要注意表示非真实条件的were to 与表示“义务” 与表示“义务” 要注意表示非真实条件的 (obligation) 的am / is / are to 和was/ were ) to 的区别
非真实条件句 真实条件句
The type 1 :
if≈whenever
Type 1 是真实条件句(Real Conditional)的一种。在 是真实条件句( )的一种。 这种条件句中, 的意义接近于whenever,所以这种句 这种条件句中,if 的意义接近于 , 型又被称为“ 可用于3种 场合: 型又被称为“whenever-型”,可用于 种 场合: 型 1、表示普遍真理和客观事实 (tell the truth) 、 For example: ※ If you pour oil on water, it floats. ※ If the temperature drops to 0 degrees Centigrade, water freezes. 总结:由上两例可看出, 总结:由上两例可看出,凡表示不受时间限制的自然法则 的条件句, 分句和主句的谓语动词都用一般现在时 的条件句,其 if-分句和主句的谓语动词都用一般现在时 : 分句和主句的谓语动词都用 Pattern:( simple present +(Main) simple present :(if) :(
虚拟
主句 if从句 从句

would
过去
have done had done
could
现在
might need
do do
were/ did should/ were to
将来
should
10 分
20分 分
30分 分
40 分
10分题
I used to walk to work.But if it ______(rain), I went by bus. rained
基本类型 (if)simple past / were + (main) would ) (could ,might,etc) +inf 例如 If we caught the 10 o'clock train, we would (could,might,ect)get there by lunch-time. 主句动词都用would could might ,etc 不定式。但 不定式。 主句动词都用 可能性的程度不一样 If I knew how it worked, I could tell you what to do . (条件与现实相反,根本不可能告诉对方做什么) 条件与现实相反,根本不可能告诉对方做什么) 条件与现实相反
虚拟
(If) had + -ed 分词 +Main would (could might,ect) have+ -ed分词 + 分词 例如 If we had caought the 10 o'clock train ,we would have got there by lunch-time. We would /could /might have called you if we had known your telephone number
20分题
If you move to your left, you ____(be)able to see the church
will be
30分题
He could repair the roof himself if he _____(have) a long ladder. had
40分题
2、if –分句 用一般现在时表示将来时间,主句用动词祈使式: 、 分句 用一般现在时表示将来时间,主句用动词祈使式: Pattern : (If)simple present + (Main)imperative ) ) 例句: 例句: ※ If you wake up before me, give me a call . ※ If you go out this room, turn off the lights. 二、变体形式(3种) 变体形式( 种 1、if-分句动词不管主语的人称和数如何,一律用 、 分句动词不管主语的人称和数如何 一律用should+不定式, 分句动词不管主语的人称和数如何, 不定式, 不定式 主句动词可根据语义意图采用不同形式。 主句动词可根据语义意图采用不同形式。 Example : ※ If it should rain again, the flowers will bloom. ※ If you should come tomorrow, I would tell you the truth. 说明:在这里, 仅表示一种不太肯定的婉转口气, 说明:在这里,should 仅表示一种不太肯定的婉转口气,并不影响 条件的真实性。 条件的真实性。
the usage of conditional
If 条件句的用法
条件句
条件句( 条件句(conditional)是由 条件状语 ) 分句( 分句) 分句(if 分句) + 主句 构成的复杂句 (complex sentence)。 。 一共分为三种(3 types) 一共分为三种
1 if ≈ whenever(the meaning is close to) 2 主将状从现 3虚拟 虚拟
虚拟
If he were to get in touch with me , I could explain. = Supposing he got in touch with me...(非真实条件) 非真实条件) 非真实条件 If he was to get in touch with me , why hasn't he done so ? = If the arrangement was that he should get in touch with me , why...? (表示“义务”) 表示“ 表示 义务” 里一个变体是在if-分句中用 里一个变体是在 分句中用would + 不定式 表示不大可能实 分句中用 现的"意愿 意愿" 现的 意愿 If you 'd cook the dinner , i'd do the washingup afterwards.(省略 to) (
If the story hadn't been ture, the newspaper _________(not print) it . wouldn't have printed
if i were a boy ——beyonce
If I were a boy Even just for a day I’d roll outta bed in the morning ’ And throw on what I wanted then go Drink beer with the guys And chase after girls I’d kick it with who I wated ’ And I’d never get confronted for it. ’ Cause they’d stick up for me. ’
注意: 注意: 省略了 to
willing to reserve
3、用 would 还是表示“意愿”,常用于 客气的请求,这时,主语动词 、 还是表示“意愿” 客气的请求,这时, 既可用will/shall +inf. 也可用 也可用would /should / could/ might +inf. 既可用 Example : ※ If you would try Italian food , you would like it.
虚拟
第四条件句的变体形式 (If)were to have + -ed 分词 +Main would ) (could, might, ect)have -ed 分词
例如 If you were to have asked me , I would have been only too willing to help.
2、表示现在习惯动作 、 For example: ※ If it rains, I go to work by bus. ※If I make a promise, I keep it . 总结:在上述表示现在习惯动作的条件句中, 分句和主句的谓语动 总结:在上述表示现在习惯动作的条件句中, if-分句和主句的谓语动 词也都是用一般现在时 一般现在时: 词也都是用一般现在时: Pattern: (if) simple present +(Main) simple present : 3、表示过去的习惯动作 、 For example: ※If I was hungry, I usually had a full meal. 总结:表示过去习惯动作的条件句中, 分句和主句的谓语动词都用 总结:表示过去习惯动作的条件句中,If-分句和主句的谓语动词都用 一般过去时。 一般过去时。
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