定语从句关系代词和关系副词
定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的选择取决于先行词在从句中所做的成分。若先行词在从句中充当主语、定语或宾语,我们应选用关系代词,如who、whom、that、which或whose。相反,如果先行词在从句中作为状语出现,那么关系副词where、when或why将更为合适。在选择关系词时,还需注意其在从句中的具体作用。例如,当关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时,我们通常使用which;而作状语时,则选用where或when。此外,判断关系词是作宾语还是状语,关键在于从句中的谓语动词是及物还是不及物。及物动词后无宾语则选which,不及物动词则选when/where。通过例句对比,我们可以更清晰地理解这一选择过程。例如,'I know a place where we can have a picnic.'与'I know a place which is famous for its beautiful natural scenery.'前者中where引导定语从句说明地点,后者中which引导定语从句修饰先行词place。同样,'I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together.'与'I will never forget the days that we spent together.'也展示了关系词在从句中的不同作和关系副词用法的理解。