(2)语法结构：划分成分：主谓宾，定状补 例：2003.61 Furthermore, humans have the ability to m o d i f y the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all o t h e r life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.
the girl crying = the girl who is crying
The boy fell off the tree, breaking his legs. The singer entered the auditorium, followed by several body-
guards.
考研翻译
英译汉难点 (1)词汇
a.绝对生词：millennium; anthropology; astrophysics
b.相对生词：set; beef; duck; cause; school; moonlight c. 专业术语： mad cow disease; swine flu; hip replacement
delicate skin
娇嫩/细腻的皮肤
delicate relationship
微妙的关系
a
g g r e s s i v a.侵略性的；好斗的；有进取心的；有闯劲的
e
aggressive diplomatic policy
侵略性的外交政策
aggressive young man
有闯劲的年轻人
例2: We need a plan to address the problem of the homeless
people.
注意：汉语和英语的区别 (1)汉语多动词，英语多名词
(2)汉语定语多前置，英语多后置
(3)汉语状语多前置，英语多后置
例1: 2003.61
Furthermore, humans have the ability (1) to modify the environment (2) in which they live, (3) thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. (4)
误：与日俱增的虐待儿童和忽略儿童
正：与日俱增的虐待儿童和忽略儿童事件 (3)过译 Everybody rises. If you have something to say, then say; if not, then go.
3.一般错别字不扣分，严重错别字三个则该意群不得 分
一般错别字：作为 —— 做为
误：蓝色电影
正：色情电影
talk horse 误：说马
正：吹牛 = talk big; boast; brag
Cast pearls before pigs. 误：在猪面前扔珍珠。 正：对牛弹琴
(2)漏译 the growing incidence of child abuse and child neglect
严重错别字：由于 —— 鱿鱼
鉴于 —— 箭鱼
昌盛 —— 娼盛
பைடு நூலகம்
三.解题步骤 1.拆分：划分意群，逐个翻译
2.组合：组合成句，注意位置
Q: 碰到生词或多义词怎么办？
—— 根据背景猜测，切勿空着
例1: His mother always complains and beefs about his future.
Shakespeare —— 莎士比亚
Bacon —— 培根 Darwin —— 达尔文 Darwinism —— 达尔文主义；达尔文学说 第二种方法：照抄
2.多义词的翻译 —— 根据中文搭配习惯翻译 delicate a.纤弱的；细致的；精美的；微妙的；可口 的 delicate girl
柔弱的女子
aggressive salesman
5.不定式
6.标点符号
例2: 2003.63 The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, (1) combined w i t h a cross-cultural perspective (2) brought to the analysis of
cultures past and present, (3) makes this study a unique a n d
(3)语言表达 a.通顺无语病
b.无扭曲原文
He is a birdman. Check out that hot chick. She is no more a spring chicken. He is the last man that I want to see.
c.符合表达习惯 My mother always plans ahead.
四.意群划分 1.连词
(1)并列句连词：and, but, yet ...
(2)状语从句连词：before, after, although ... 2.关系词 (1)关系代词：which, that, as ... (2)关系副词：when, where, why ...
3.介词：in, on, at, from, to, of, with ... 4.分词：-ing; -ed 句中做定语或状语
distinctly important social science. (4)
五.翻译技巧 (一)词法翻译
1.专有名词的翻译
第一种方法：音译 (1)人名：John —— 约翰 Nancy —— 南希
(2)名人 Plato —— 柏拉图
Socrates —— 苏格拉底
Aristotle —— 亚里士多德
Work hard and make progress everyday.
A leopard will not easily change its spots.
二.评分标准 1.每句四个意群，每个意群0.5分
2.每个意群有一个严重错误或两个基本错误，则该意 群不
得分 何为严重错误？ (1)误译
blue movie