英语文学名篇欣赏-重点英语文学考试复习提纲一、I’m am Nobody!Who are you?1、主体思想：1）作者是想成为nobody还是somebody？为什么？在哪里看出？She wants to be a Nobody，because she feels peaceful and quiet. Being Nobody won’t be disturbed by others and can do what we want to do. The author is proud of being Nobody,and she wants to find somebody to be her friend,who is also Nobody,too.And being Somebody will face the facts that they will be watched by others,their life will be disturbed by others with many noisy. Furthermore, there will be less private room.Use the soliloquy独白 and interpunction 标点符号2）成为somebody和nobody各有什么好的和不好的地方？2、写作手法、修辞手法（rhetorical device/figure of speech）1）比喻（metaphor /simile）：frog？an admiring bog？2）对话形式（conversation）3）独白（soliloguy）4）对比（contrast/comparison）：somebody and nobody5）大写（capitals）：强调（emphasize）/特指某一类人（refer to a particular type of person）二、Theme for English B1、theme 是指homework，the paper that say somet about oneself。
B：一是指black people，二是指不同英语水平level的英语班2、中心思想：1）racial pride种族自豪感，作为一个黑人，班上唯一的黑人。
2）强调（emphasize）大家都是一样，具有共性的（share the commonalities），呼吁（call on）黑人与白人的平等地位（equal social status）。
3、写作手法、修辞手法（rhetorical device/figure of speech）1）对比（contrast/comparison）：白人和黑人受到的不同的对待三、A clean well-lighted place1、海明威的写作方法：极简主义Minimalism 、冰山原则Ice Principle、存在主义哲学理念Existentialist Ideal1）文中只出现三个人物角色（no names）：young waiter 、old waiter ，and the old man2）采用的是对话形式（dialogue），只能根据上下文语境推测是谁讲的话according to the context of understanding ，它的作用expect us to engage in the narratives and stir up our imagination to understand the emotional core3）没有任何背景资料（no any background information）4）没有形容词adjective、副词adverb作用：It is able to make readers feel the emotion of the character directly and the best way to produce the effect is to set down exactly every particular kind of feeling without conventionally emotive language and with a bare minimum of adjectives and adverbs.2、写作手法、修辞手法（rhetorical device/figure of speech）1）象征symbol（P38：a symbol is a sign which suggests more than its literal meaning. A symbol is an image that shares something similar）：①Cafe——shelter、comfort、company、harbor港湾、refugee避难地方②Light——reality life③Shade/shadow——comfort、warmth④Darkness——death、fear、loneliness、despair⑤Brandy——mental/spiritual anesthesia 精神麻醉3、文中谁是cold-hero硬汉形象？The old waiter，can understand the old man ,a patient man ;has started into the great Nada(nothing)，结合人物形象分析4、虚无主义nihilism，人要在虚无的世界中找到自己的存在。
Life is essentially a nothing and meaninglessness. And it is a continuous process of loss of things that are valuable in life. From birth to death, man suffers losses of youth, confidence, job, competence, family, love and life.四、Rice1、三个女性角色的特点分析1）外祖母grandmother：传统封建的traditional/feudal、守旧的old-fashioned2）母亲mother：勤劳的laborious/industriou、听话的obidient、传统的家庭妇女traditional family women 、以家庭为中心 family -center/oriented、隐忍的forbear /tolerant、温和的mild、脾气好的good-temperatured3）我I：good-educated、open-minded、civilized、不迷信的not superstitious 、相信科学的believe in science2、rice的象征意义：1）women should be silent，cook for husband and take good care of the family。
2）A tool of living。
3）Chinese traditional value：rice is important in agriculture in society。
3、中心思想：the realization of one's true identity。
Younger generation is confused with the conflict between the traditional value of their parents and the modern value of the West. The author firstly wanted to escape her traditional value of her family, and the marriage of her is a combination of tradition and Westernization. But at last she no longer dismissed it as old fashion and out-dated. She can accept some of the traditional value after she has some contact with western ones. When people are challenged., they are forced to think about their present status. Through thinking process, they gain better understanding of their own identity.It tells us that even though we reject、try to escape or ignore our identity，it may still come around as we have contact with other people. We still have our own identity no matter where we are.五、I wandered lonely as a cloud1、诗歌的音乐性：rhyme scheme 韵律、头韵alliteration、中韵assonance、尾韵consonance2、修辞手法：1）比喻（metaphor /simile）2）意象image：Cloud——lonely、isolation、tranquility平静、安静、graceful悠然的、lost、aimless、confused、free、relaxedDaffodil——happiness、friendship、beauty，joy3）symbol象征：Daffodil——cheer up，symbolize the beauty of nature；symbolize living a life as rich in experience and sensation as would make a life worth living；a spiritual pursuit精神追求Wave——the ugly reality3）拟人personification，结合课本举例4）反复reiteration：I gazed -and gazed-but little thought（语态不同，emphasize he is attracted by the beautiful scene.）3、与陶渊明的比较相同点：都是田园派（Pastoral ）、湖畔派诗人（Lake school），love nature、enjoy the beauty，use flower to express something不同点：William——dislike the ugly reality，be negative to the social life，want to find companyTao——hate the official corruption六、Araby1、setting的作用，文章前三段的描写：set the basic tone for the whole environment where the boy lives；it means that the possibility of the boy to realize his dream is so small and he may fail to do it。