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Task 1 Key
? B. ? 1) Africa; Australia ? 2) small dog; (former) land
connection; animals; plants
? 3) penguins
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Task 1 Script
? The Antarctic has not always been covered in ice. Fossil plants found in the rocks indicate that it had quite a warm climate about 150 million years ago. Antarctica once formed part of the supercontinent Gondwanaland, with South America, Africa, India, Australia and New Zealand all grouped around its edge. However, about 150 million years ago Gondwanaland began to break up. The Antarctic moved southwards until it reached its present position.
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Dumont d'Urville Station, an example of modern human settlement in Antarctica
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Task l Words and expressions
? The Antarctic : 南极地区 ? Antarctica: 南极洲 ? fossil: 化石 ? Gondwanaland: 冈瓦纳大陆 ? proof: 证据；证明 ? ice sheet: (technical 术语) 冰原；冰盖
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Gondwanaland
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Task 1 Key
? A. ? 1) It had quite a warm climate then. ? 2) About 150 million years ago, Gondwanaland
began to break up, and the Antarctic moved southwards until it reached its present position. ? 3) 99 percent of the total area of Antarctica is covered by a massive ice sheet.
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Gondwanaland 冈瓦纳古陆(冈瓦纳
大陆)
? 冈瓦纳古陆又称南方大陆。大陆漂移说所设想的南半球超级大陆。 包括今南美洲、非洲、澳大利亚以及印度半岛和阿拉伯半岛。上述 各大陆被认为在古生代及以前时期曾经连接在一起。“冈瓦纳大陆 ”是奥地利地质学家休斯（E.Suess）于1885年在<地球的面貌> （The Face of the Earth）一书中提出的。根据印度中部冈瓦纳 地区石炭纪到侏罗纪的地层——“冈瓦纳系”得名。休斯认为，非洲 、印度等大陆具有相同的地质历史和古植物群，过去曾经是一个统 一的大陆。石炭纪一二叠纪时，南方大陆的大规模冰川活动已由非 洲、南美洲、澳大利亚、印度等地发现的冰碛岩所证实。该古陆上 发育的大冰盖，其中心在南极洲东部和非洲南部，冰盖由此辐散出 去。古地磁资料也表明，当时这一带靠近古南极，大冰盖分布于古 南纬60°以内。二叠纪时期，南方大陆占优势的植物群是种子蕨类 植物舌羊齿，其分布遍及南美洲、中非、南非、澳大利亚、南极洲 和印度，而在包括北美洲、格陵兰、欧亚大陆在内的北方大陆则没 有出现这类植物。一般认为，冈瓦纳古陆在中生代开始解体，新生 代期间逐渐迁移到现今位置。
Contemporary Eng源自ish Listening B2Unit 11 Nature
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Area14,000,000 km2 Population 5,000 temporary residents
Antarctica
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Roald Amundsen and his crew looking at the Norwegian flag at the South Pole, 1911
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Task 2
? Bali island 巴厘岛(Bali Island)，是世界著名旅游岛，
是印度尼西亚33个一级行政区之一。 ? 巴厘岛上大部分为山地，全岛山脉纵横，地势东高西低。岛
上的最高峰是阿贡火山海拔3142米。巴厘岛是印度尼西亚唯 一信奉印度教的地区。80%的人信奉印度教。主要通行的语 言是印尼语和英语。 ? 沙努尔、努沙-杜尔和库达等处的海滩，是岛上景色最美的海 滨浴场，这里沙细滩阔、海水湛蓝清澈。每年来此游览的各 国游客络绎不绝。 ? 由于巴厘岛万种风情，景物甚为绮丽。因此，它还享有多种 别称，如 神明之岛 、 恶魔之岛 、 罗曼斯岛 、 绮丽之岛 、 天堂之岛 、 魔幻之岛 、 花之岛 等。 ? 2015年由美国著名旅游杂志《旅游+休闲》一项调查结果把 印尼巴厘岛评为世界上最佳的岛屿之一。
? Today the continent is covered by a massive ice sheet more than 4 kilometers thick, which covers 99 percent of the total area. The remaining 1 percent is almost lifeless, apart from a few plants, and the sea animals, like the penguins , which come ashore at certain times of the year.
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? The final proof for the former land connection between Antarctica and the Gondwanaland continents was found in some mountains where the remains of an animal about the size of a small dog were found. Other fossil remains of animals and plants have since been found.