2018年专四真题虚拟语气和情态动词-章振邦语法书页数标注DC. would beD. were[译文]如果你把情况向你的事务律师说明，他会比我更能给你提出好的建议。

[考点]虚拟语气。

本句条件从句中的谓语动词用了过去式explained，但这是复合时态形式，主句说明其内容与现在/将来的情况相反，所以主句谓语应该由would+动词原形构成。

B，C不用于虚拟语气；D．were只用于表虚拟的条件句中。

9．___ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand? （2004年44题）A. Would you be surprisedB. Were you surprisedC. Had you been surprisedD. Would you have been surprised44．答案：A 参考译文：如果昨天没有提前通知你，我就来了，你会觉得奇怪吗？试题分析：本题考查的是虚拟语气的用法。

详细解答：这是一个错综时间条件句。

条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作，发生的时间是不一致的，动词的形式要根据表示的时间来调整。

10．All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there ___ quite such a crowd of people there. （2000年49题）A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. wouldn’t be[解析]考点：虚拟语气。

由于主句中使用了would have done，即表示与过去事实相反，那么从句中相应地使用had done。

[译文]若不是那儿人太多，我们在聚会上都会玩得更尽兴的。

11. If your car ___ any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer. （1998年43题）A. shall needB. should needC. would needD. will need情态动词。

should可以表示语气较强的假设，出现在if从句中或用于省略了if的条件句句首位置上。

例如：a．If you should change your mind，please let us know．b．Should you be interested，I have a book on the subject you might like to see．should的这一用法经常出现在商务信函中，表示“万一”、“假若”。

shall 有类似用法，用于if、when等引导的从句中，表示将来的可能性，不过语气太强。

例如：c．If you shall ever change your opinion，come to me again．should如果用在以if和in case引导的从句中则表示某事不太可能发生。

有时在这种句子中主语和should可以倒装，把should放在句首。

[译文]如果你购买的车子在最初12个月内出现问题，请与授权经销商交涉。

12. ____ , I will marry him all the same. (2004年42题)票A. Was he rich or poorB. Whether rich or poorC. Were he rich or poorD. Be he rich or poor whether she be right or wrong, she will have my unswerbing support. 表让步里，be用于虚拟语气句，引导一个(选择性)让步状语从句，相当于whether he be rich or poor。

由于whether省略，这时be需要提前。

B其实也讲得通，只是意思上不同，前者表示：不管我是富还是穷，我都要嫁给他。

又如：Whether rich or poor，old or young，all have to die．(《新时代英汉大典》)[译文]不管他是富还是穷，我都要嫁给他。

Whether it (he)be...or...结构，意为“不管(不论)是……还是……”，表示让步，为虚拟语气的一种表达方式。

其省略式为“be it…or…；be he…or…”等，句子必须倒装。

如：I can translate all these books into Chinese，be they in English，French or Latin．[例句] There being no danger，the police went back to their office．险情解除，警察回警局了。

3.虚拟语气用在由“whether” 引导的让步状语从句中，从句谓语用原形动词。

例如：All engines work on this principle, whether they be large or small.所有发动机都按这一原理工作，无论它们是大还是小。

We must finish the work before we go home, whether it be early or late.无论时间早晚，我们必须在回家前干完工作。

All matter, whether it be gas, liquid or solid, is made up of atoms.所有物质，不论是气体，液体，或固体，都是由原子构成。

在此句型中，可省去whether ，而将be放在主语前。

例如：Be it so, we must continue to do the test.We must do our best to fulfil the task, be it ever so hard.Example:______ I'll marry him all the same.a. Were he rich or poorb. Be he rich or poorc. Whether rich or poord. Being rich or poor考点4：it is (high/about) time that的结构中，从句使用一般过去式。

注意：在this is the first time/ second time that….句型中，从句中谓语动词用陈述语气完成时态。

This is the second time that we have achieved such a great success.例如:p1863. It’s high time we ____ cutting down the rainforests. (2006年54题)A. stoppedB. had to stopC. shall stopD. stop2. That was not the first time he ________ us. I thi nk it’s high time we________ strong actions against him. 2005.A. betrayed…takeB. had betrayed…tookC. hasbetrayed…took D. has betrayed…take3. “What courses are you going to do next semester?”“I don’t know. But it’s about time ______on something.” 2002 52题A. I’d decideB. I decidedC. I decideD. I’m deciding5. If you have really been studying English for long, it’s about timeyou ___ able to write letters in English. （1999年49题）A. should beB. wereC. must beD. are51. It is essential that he ________ all the facts first. (2014)A. is examiningB. will examineC. examinesD. examine P18165.It is absolutely essential that William________his study in spite of some learning difficulties.2007A.will continueB.continuedC.continueD.continuesAdvisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper60. It is necessary that he ____ the assignment without delay.2010A. hand inB. hands inC. must hand inD. has to hand inIt is imperative/necessary/important 等结构后的主语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气，should加动词原形，should可省。

6. It is imperative that the government ___ more investment intothe shipbuilding industry. （2006年59题）A. attractsB. shall attractC. attractD. has to attract7. It is imperative that students ___ their term papers on time.（2004年46题）A. hand inB. would hand inC. have to hand inD. handed in16. “It’s a shame t hat the city official should have gone back on hisword.” The modal auxiliary SHOULD express __B_____.(2017)P201 A obligation B disappointment C future in the past D. tentativenessIn specific contexts, should can denote emotional feelings of s orrow, joy, displeasure, surprise, wonderIt’s a pity that he should leave so soon.It’s unbelievable that he should be working so hard.How should I know?Should is found in expressions like “I should say” “I should think.” The hypothetical form here is simply to indicate the speaker’s reluctance to commit himself on matters of personal feeling or judgment.I should say he is just the right man for the job.Without any definite modal meaningI insisted that he go/should go with me.It is imperative thatThe order thatFor fear that /so that /lestWould can be used to make a tactful statement, a polite request, and a tentative suggestion.It would be a shame to stop our work halfway.19. At that moment, with the crowd watching me, I was not afraid in the ordinary sense, as ______ if I ____A_______alone. 2017A. would have been …had beenB. should be … had beenC. could be … wereD. might have been… were19______ your advice, I would have made the wrong decision.2016A.Hadn’t it been forB.Had it not been forC.Had it been forD.Had not it been for2.52. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ________much better results now.2008 pA. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get20.The sentence I wish I had been more careful in spending my moneyexpresses the speaker’s ______.2016a)hopeb)joyc)regretd)relief 184201615. If you explained the situation to your lawyer, he _______ able to advise you much better than I can. (2015)(395/381)2005A. will beB. wasC. would beD. were条件句的虚拟If you asked me tomorrow, I would(should ,但以would 较为普通)be able to give you the answer .54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood? __ ____. (2013)(p. 181)A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock?181B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday. Decide, decree, demand, insist, move, order, prefer, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest, vote.54．My boss ordered that the legal documents ____ to him before lunch．2013 p181A．be sent B．were sentC．were to be sent D．must be sent63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off. (2013 P184)A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained52. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn.A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been61. It’s getting late. I’d rather you now.(2011. P186)A. leftB. leaveC. are leavingD.will leave考查虚拟语气。