As引导非限制性定语从句常位于句首, 指代 整个的主句。常译为“正如正像”。
观察
There hasn’t been any news about him since he left home, which upsets me. 自从他离开家后就没有他的任何消息，这 使我很不安。
Taiwan belongs to China，as everybody knows. As is known to us, Taiwan belongs to China. 众所周知，台湾属于中国。
3. The house(_w_h_i_c_h_/_th_a_t_) they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.
4. I’ll never forget the day _w_h_e_n_ (=_o_n_ which ) I was born.
5. I visited the house w__h_e_re_ (=_in_ which) Lu Xun once lived.
王教授有一个儿子，在北京工作。
grammar
非限制性定语从句
Non-restrictive Attributive Clause
非限制性定语从句
She has two brothers, (who are working in the city).
构成：
先行词
+,+ 关系词
+
其他 部分
My house, which I bought last year, has
got a beautiful garden. 我的房子有一个漂亮的花园, 我是去年 买的。
Jane Eyre, which I have read three times,
is very interesting. <<简爱>>很有趣，我已经读了三遍了。
This notebook was left by Tom, who was
Revision 复习限制性定语从句 一. 使用适当的关系词填空
1. That is the boy _w__h_o_se_ mother is a famous musician.
2. We don’t know the number of people _th_a_t_/_w__h_o lost their homes in the 1906 earthquake.
6. The reason _w_h_y__(=__fo_rwhich) he got worried was this.
对比
1. Professor Wang has a son who works in Beijing. 王教授有个在北京工作的儿子。 2. Professor Wang has a son, who works in Beijing.
• As is reported, • 正如所报道的那样,
• As is said,
• 正如所说的那样,
• As is expected, • 正如所预料的那样,
非限制性定语从句的其他形式： 有些非限制性定语从句可以由名词/数词/不定代词/比较级 或最高级+of which/whom组成。例如： 1）Our class consists of 60 students, all of whom like English. 2) I have a lot of friends, two-thirds of whom are girls. 3) Pass me the book, the cover of which is red.
2.位置不同 As was reported, three people died in the accident. 正如报道的，三个人死于车祸。 All the people died in the accident, which shocked everyone. 所有的人都死于这起事故，这让每个人都很震惊。 总结:as位置灵活，可以位于句首，也可以位于句中，而 which不能位于句首。
which和as引导的非限制性定语从句的区别： 1.意义不同 He made a long speech, as we expected. 正如我们期望的，他作了一次很长的演讲。
He made a long speech, which was unexpected. 他作了一次很长的演讲，这出乎意料。 总结:as译为“正如，正像”，常在主动句中作宾语，在 被动句中作主语，如as is known to all；which代指前面整 个句子，译为 “这”。
关系词的指代关系
As
指ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ 指物 在定语从句中的作用
Who
√
Whom √
Which
whose √
主语 宾语
宾语
√
主语 宾语
√
定语
关系副词(where, when) 的指代关系
指地点 指时间 在定语从句中的作用
Where √
When
√
地点状语 时间状语
tip that, why不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。
总结——
位置 意义
as
可位于主句 _之_前__，之__中__，_之__后_
正__如__正_像
which 不__能__位于主句_之__前_
这__，__那_
As 常见表达
• As we all know, • 众所周知，
• As is known to all,
• As is often the case•, 这是常有的事,
here a moment ago. 这个笔记本是汤姆留下的，刚才他还在 这里。
区别
功能 形式
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
修饰_先__行_词__
修饰先__行__词_或整__个__主__句_
_无__逗号与主句分开 _有__逗号与主句分开
概念
1.限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句 和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。 2.非限制性定语从句和主句关系不是很密切，只是对先行 词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这 种从句和主句，写时往往用逗号分开。译法上译成先行 词的定语“……的”，通常译成主句的并列句。