雅思阅读长难句分析作业（2011-12-23）1.From a number of recent studies, it has become clear that blindpeople can appreciate the use of outlines and perspectives to describe the arrangement of objects and other surfaces in space.But pictures are more than literal representations.翻译：In this paragraph the writer makes the point that blind peopleA.may be interested in studying art.B.can draw outlines of different objects and surface.C.can recognize conventions such as perspective.D.can draw accurately.1.This fact was drawn to my attention dramatically when a blindwoman in one of my investigations decided on her own initiative to draw a wheel as it was spinning .To show this motion, she traced a curve inside the circle. I was taken aback.翻译：The writer was surprised because the blind womanA.drew a circle on her own initiative.B.did not understand what a wheel looked like.C.included a symbol representing movement.D.was the first person to use lines of motion.2.When I asked several other blind study subjects to draw aspinning wheel, one particularly clever rendition appeared repeatedly: several subjects showed the wheel’s spokes as curved lines. When asked about these curves, the all described them as metaphorical ways of suggesting motion.翻译：From the experiment described in the passage, the writer found that the blind subjectsA.had good understanding of symbols representing movement.B.could control the movement of wheels very accurately.C.worked together well as a group in solving problems.D.got better results than the sighted undergraduates.3.Stanley Milgram of Yale University tested 40 subjects from allwalks of life for their willingness to obey instructions given by a “leader” in a situation in which the subjects might feel a personal distaste for the actions they were called upon to perform.Specifically, Milgram told each volunteer “ teacher-subject “ that the experiment was in the noble cause of education, and was designed to test whether or not punishing pupils for their mistakes would have a positive effect on the pupils’ability to learn.翻译：The teacher-subjects were told that they were testing whetherA.a 450-volt shock was dangerous.B.punishment helps learning.C.the pupils were honest.D.they were suited to teaching.gram told the teacher-subjects to ignore the reactions of thepupil, and to administer whatever level of shock was called for, as per the rule governing the experimental situation of the moment.翻译：The teacher-subjects were instructed toA.Stop when a pupil asked them to.B.Denounce pupils who made mistakes.C.Reduce the shock level after a correct answer.D.Give punishment according to a rule.5.Prior to carrying out the experiment, Milgram explain his idea toa group of 39 psychiatrists and asked them to predict the averagepercentage of people in an ordinary population who would be willing to administer the highest shock level of 450 volts. The overwhelming consensus was that virtually all the teacher-subjects would refuse to obey the experimenter.翻译：Before the experiment took place the psychiatristsA.believe that a shock of 150 volts was too dangerous.B.failed to agree on how the teacher-subjects would respond toinstructions.C.underestimated the teacher-subjects ‘willingness to comply withexperimental procedure.D.though that many of the teacher-subjects would administer ashock of 450 volts.6.Australia has been unusual in the Western world in having a very conservative attitude to natural or alternative therapies, according to Dr Paul Laver, a lecturer in Public Health at the University of Sydney. ‘We had a tradition of doctor being fairly powerful and I guess they are pretty loath to allow any pretenders to their position to come into it.”翻译：Traditionally, how have Australian doctors differed from doctors in many Western countries?A.They have worked closely with pharmaceutical companies.B.They have often worked alongside other therapists.C.They have been reluctant to accept alternative therapistsD.They have regularly prescribed alternative remedies.7.Americans made more visits to alternative therapists than to orthodox doctors in 1990, and each year they spend about $US12 billion on therapies that have not been scientifically tested.In 1990, AmericansA.Were prescribed more herbal medicines than in previousyears.B.Consulted alternative therapists more often than doctors.C.Spent more on natural therapist than orthodox medicines.D.Made more complaints about doctors than in previous years.8.The concept of the rocket, or rather the mechanism behind the idea of propelling an object into the air, has been around for well over two thousand years. However, it wasn’t until the discovery of the reaction principle , which was the key to space travel and so represents one of the great milestones in the history of scientific thought that rocket technology was able to develop.The greatest outcome of the discovery of the reaction principle was thatA.rockets could be propelled into the air.B.space travel became a reality.C.a major problem had been solved.D.bigger rockets were able to be built.9.In addition to being responsible for more than 85 per cent of lung cancers, smoking is associated with cancers of , amongst others, the mouth, stomach and kidneys, and is thought to cause about 14 per cent of leukemia and cervical cancers. In 1990, smoking caused more 84,000 deaths, mainly resulting from such problems as pneumonia, bronchitis and influenza.翻译：According to information in the passage, leukemia and pneumoniaA.Are responsible for 84,000 deaths each year.B.Are strongly linked to cigarette smoking.C.Are strongly linked to lung cancer.D.Result in 30 per cent of deaths per year.10.Carbon monoxide, for example, competes with oxygen in red blood cells and interferes with the blood’s ability to deliverlife-giving oxygen to the heart .翻译：According to information in the passage, intake of carbon monoxideA.Inhibits the flow of oxygen to the heart.B.Increases absorption of other smoke particles.C.Inhibits red blood cell formation.D.Promotes nicotine absorption.11.Nicotine and other toxins in cigarette smoke activate small blood cells called platelets, which increases the likelihood of blood clots, thereby affecting blood circulation throughout the body.翻译：According to information in the passage, intake of nicotine encouragesA.Blood circulation through the body.B.Activity of other toxins in the blood.C.Formation of blood clots.D.An increase of platelets in the blood.。