湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2023-2024学年高一上学期阶段性检测一英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解If you’re planning to visit Japan, it is a good idea to understand some basic customs. DON’T WALK AND CHEW GUM.Americans are always in such a hurry that we grab lunch at the drive with one hand while holding onto the steering wheel with the other.The Japanese don’t walk around while eating or drinking. This seems strange in a culture that like vending machines (自动售卖机). In fact, the Japanese will often get a snack or soda out of a vending machine and then stand there, next to the vending machine, until they’ve finished it.SURGICAL MASKSSeeing photos of people in Japan wearing surgical masks, you might wonder if surgical masks are just a fashion. Meanwhile, in America, we cough into the open air, and sneak out of restrooms without washing up.In Japan, it’s not nice to share germs (细菌). If you’re sick and you must leave your home, you put a surgical mask because that’s polite. Surgical masks are also worn out of caution — if you travel in a packed train during flu season, it’s a good idea to do so.THE MISUSE OF SOY SAUCEYou’re probably used to eating white rice with soy sauce (酱汁) all over it in American Asian restaurants, but don’t do it in Japan. Soy sauce in Japan is not meant for drowning out the subtle flavor of white rice.About YOUR SHOESWearing shoe in the house is just not something people do in Japan. You should remove your shoes immediately after entering a Japanese home and also when entering most historic buildings.1．The author is telling American tourists in Japan to ________.A．drink while walking B．eat while drivingC．eat food quickly D．drink near the vending machine 2．The Japanese consider wearing a surgical mask as ________.A．a fashion B．a dangerC．good manners D．a good idea3．When you are visiting a Japanese home, you are advised to ___________.A．get a snack B．remove your shoesC．put soy sauce over the rice D．wear a maskOne in five teens suffers from mental illness Parents of depressed (忧郁的) teens often think their child is just going through a certain stage, and don’t take the symptoms (症状) seriously. When I was 12 years old, I noticed something was not right with me. I told my mom, but she said I was just going through normal “teenage stuff”. I went on with everyday life, but was not able to function well. I felt depressed and seemed to be crying all the time. I never wanted to come out of my room or be around people. I even pushed people away who meant a lot to me.I told my mother again what was going with me. Again, she explained away my symptoms by saying my hormones (荷尔蒙) were probably just acting up, but she did agree to take me to the doctor. I knew deep down that whatever was wrong with me was more than just hormones.Parents need to take their children’s mental health seriously. Brushing it off as nothing will not make it go away. I want parents to understand that 20 percent of teens between the ages of 13 and 18 are suffering. Many of these teens feel like their voices won’t be heard if they tell their parents what they are experiencing. Parents and family members need to come together so that teens who suffer can get treatment.I was very scared to tell my mom about what I was feeling, and it made me feel worse to be told I was just being a teen and that was hormonal. I truly believe that if teens were mere comfortable talking with their parents and telling them personal things, teen suicide and mental breakdowns would decrease. Teens will get treatment, feel more positive, and be able to live a more normal life.4．How did the mother take the writer’s mental illness at first according to the text?A．Seriously.B．Nervously.C．Casually.D．Badly5．What does the underlined phrase “Brushing it off” in paragraph 3 mean?A．Cutting it out.B．Concentrating on it.C．Paying no attention to it.D．Making fun of it.6．What is a proper way for parents to deal with children’s mental illness?A．Treating their symptoms as something normal.B．Taking their children to hospital for treatment.C．Staying with their children more often.D．Leaving their children alone.7．What is the purpose of this text?A．To criticize the writer’s mum.B．To draw public attention to teenage problemsC．To introduce the writer’s suffering of teenage life.D．To persuade parents to be serious about children’s mental illness.It isn’t easy to climb the Old Man of Hoy, one of the tallest in the United Kingdom. It is even more dangerous if you happen to be a blind climber, as Jesse Dufton is. The 34-year-old was born with a rare genetic disease (遗传病) that left him with less than 20 percent of his vision (视觉), which then kept dropping over the years. He chooses to climb, because it’s better than sitting at home feeling sorry for yourself, right? Climbing is not the most dangerous thing I do on an average day; crossing the road on the way to work is far more risky than Hoy.”Dufton has been climbing mountains since childhood. As a skilled climber, his father would take him out at weekends. He was always physical then, always up for adventure. He played sports at school, though quickly grew frustrated (沮丧) with many of them. Badminton was a joke for someone like me, and even blind cricket — with a ball with a bell in it — annoyed me. “Instead he was attracted to climbing and skiing, and insists that climbing is one of the safer activities for a blind person to undertake. “True, you can’t see the handholds, or the footholds. You can’t see where the opportunities are, or where to place your hands and your gear (齿轮), so you just have to take it slowly. You search around until you can feel for something to hold onto, and then basically repeat the process over and over again. To keep calm in these situations helps.”It was Jesse himself who made a documentary happen. He told the filmmaker Alistair Lee about his pastime, believing it might be worth capturing on film. I realized my story was quite unusual,” he says, adding that he felt almost duty-bound to share it. If somebody likeme watches it, and they find it inspirational, then it wouldn’t be right for me to keep that from them, wouldn’t it?”8．What is more dangerous in Jesse Dufton’s eyes?A．Losing eyesight gradually.B．Daily routines in his life.C．Climbing the Old Man of Hoy.D．Staying at home all day.9．What’s the second paragraph mainly about?A．Dufton’s passion for climbing.B．Skills needed for climbing.C．Father’s influence on Dufton.D．The limited choice for disabled people. 10．Jesse persuaded Alistair Lee to make a documentary to _________.A．show his unique talent for climbingB．inspire more people with disabilityC．give credit to the brave climbersD．educate people about risky sports11．From the story, we may infer Jesse Dufton is _________.A．responsible and helpful B．caring and carefulC．patient and brave D．adventurous and optimisticWhat does it mean to live a good life? This question has been debated by may philosophers(哲学家). In the field of psychology (心理学), two main ideas of the good life are influential: A happy life, full of stability, enjoyment and positive emotions, and a meaningful life, full of purpose, virtue and devotion. But what if these aren’t the only choices?In recent years, the psychologically rich life has been receiving greater research attention. It is full of strong emotions, both positive and negative, and new and interesting experiences. They are, however, seldom boring or dull.In a new study, Shigehiro Oishi and his colleagues found that many people’s self described ideal lives include psychological richness. When to chose a life, however, the majority chose a happy life and a meaningful life. Even so, some people still favored the psychologically rich life.These findings suggest that while most people do struggle to be happy and have meaning and purpose in their lives, a sizable number of people are content only living a psychologically rich life. Indeed, other new research suggests that for a lot of people, theintensity (强度) of the experience matters more than only how “positive” or “negative” it was. As Oishi and his colleagues conclude, “we believe that taking the psychologically rich life seriously will deepen, broaden and enrich our understanding of well-being.”At the end of the day, there is no one acceptable path to the good life. You have to find a path that works best for you. As Nietzsche put it: “No one can build you the bridge on which you, and only you, must cross the river of life. There may be countless bridges but there is one path in the world that none can walk but you. Where does it lead? Don’t ask, walk!”12．The author mentions the two main ideas of the good life to _________.A．introduce another aspect of a good lifeB．compare two different ways of lifeC．explain how to live a good lifeD．tell readers some good ways to live13．According to the passage, the psychologically rich life is _________.A．full of meaning and purposeB．nothing but different emotionsC．strong emotions and interesting experiencesD．all about being content with what you have14．Shigehiro Oishi and his colleagues hold the view that ________.A．the psychologically rich life is the best oneB．more people prefer to live a psychologically rich lifeC．there is no difference between,’ positive’ and ‘negative’ experienceD．studying psychological richness helps to understand well-being better 15．Nietzsche’s words in the last paragraph imply that __________.A．the suitable one is the best oneB．all roads lead to RomeC．God helps those who help themD．nothing is impossible for willing heart二、七选五Several studies suggest there are some very good reasons to think about ways to be kindan important part in how humans developed. In other words, they say scientific evidence suggests that we are designed to be kind.Oliver Curry is the research director at Kindlab, a non-profit organization. 17 Curry claims that “kindness is much older than religion.” “The basic reason why people are kind is that we are social animals.” he explained.18 University of London psychologist Anat Bardi studies value systems in people. In one study, researchers gave people a list of values - such as kindness, creativity, ambition, tradition, security, and seeking social justice. When asked to pick the most important, kindness won.But research shows that our bodies can also reward us for being kind. University of California Riverside psychology professor Sonja has tested this idea in many experiments over the past 20 years. In one experiment, she asked people to perform three acts of kindness for other individuals each week. She asked a different group to do three acts of self-kindness.19 The people who were kind toothers reported feeling happier and more connected to the world.20 Sonja studied a group of people with the disease multiple sclerosis (多发性硬化). She found that they felt better physically when helping others. Her research also showed that people who performed more acts of kindness had less inflammation (发炎) in their bodies.A．Other research has shown that many people prize kindness over other values.B．Research shows that kindness can be good for many speciesC．These acts could be small, like opening a door for someone.D．Its goal is to educate and urge people to choose kindness.E．Research shows that acts of kindness can improve our health.F．But it is not just emotional but also physical.G．That is why we help strangers in need.三、完形填空He came from somewhere south of Rome. One Sunday evening I found him standing in the driveway, extremely thin.“My name Tony and I mow (割) your lawn (草坪).” he said. It was hard to understandhis 21 English. I told him I couldn’t afford a 22 . “I mow your lawn,” he said again and walked away. When I got home the next evening, the lawn had been mowed, the walks 23 . My wife and I thought it strange that he had not asked for 24 . The next few days were busy, and I 25 about him. But on Friday, saw him again, behind my garage and busy around.I 26 to work out some small weekly pay for him. Summer passed into fall and winds blew cold. “Mr. Craw, when winter come, let me clean the snow in the factory.” Tony 27 . Well, how could I resist such determination? 28 , Tony got his job.“I want to be an apprentice (学徒),” he said one day. 29 we had a good apprentice school training laborers, I doubted whether he could even read blueprints (图纸). However, I decided to give him a try. To his 30 , he graduated as a killed grinder.After about two years, Tony turned up at our usual meeting spot, much 31 than he used to be and taking on a look of 32 . He had his own house and a cute family!Tony came to America seeking the American Dream. But he did not find it — he 33 it himself. Tony didn’t begin on the first 34 . He began in the basement. All he had were 24 hours a day. He 35 none of them and succeeded finally. 21．A．broken B．fluent C．standard D．simple 22．A．designer B．gardener C．partner D．survivor 23．A．decorated B．dug C．swept D．blocked 24．A．award B．advice C．pay D．leave 25．A．wandered B．thought C．worried D．forgot 26．A．managed B．happened C．pretended D．refused 27．A．ordered B．stressed C．requested D．applied 28．A．However B．Instead C．Yet D．Thus 29．A．Even if B．Now that C．In case D．Ever since 30．A．regret B．amazement C．credit D．disappointment 31．A．paler B．heavier C．stranger D．thinner 32．A．amusement B．confidence C．confusion D．annoyance 33．A．discovered B．revived C．appreciated D．created 34．A．place B．floor C．step D．stage 35．A．wasted B．floor C．treasured D．explored四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。