64% White Americans
16% Hispanic Americans
14% African Americans
5% Asian Americans
.9%Amer. Indians & Alaskan Natives
.2%
Native Hawaiians & Pacific
Islanders
Language Verbal Nonverbal
Psychological Content Knowledge Belief Systems Processes Encoding Thought Decoding Thought
Physical Environment Cultural activities
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Stereotypes of U.S. Persons
Informal relationships Rather formal in business attire
(suits for men; dresses or suits for women) Workaholics Embarrass foreign businesspeople Overly concerned with time, money, and appointments
Diffusion - the process by which two cultures learn and adapt materials and adopt practices of each other
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World culture - the idea that as traditional barriers among people of differing cultures break down, one culture will emerge
Intracultural communication communication between members of the same culture
Global business communication communication between businesses from different countries
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Communication and Culture
Communication and culture are inseparable.
Culture is a code we learn and share.
Learning and sharing require communication
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Dimensions of Culture
Languages (codes/modes)
Verbal Nonverbal
Physical
Psychological
Environment Human Behavior Content
Japanese
Americans
English Irish Chinese Mexicans Russians Israelis
gentlemanly, polite
cold, patient, religious
diligent, serious ingenious, laboring
cheerful, passionate spicy-food eaters
Globalization - the ability of a firm to take a product and market it in the entire civilized world
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U.S. Census 2010
.9% Others
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Globalization, Glocalization, and Grobalization
Globalization —the worldwide diffusion of practices
Melting pot - sociocultural assimilation of people of differing backgrounds and nationalities; implies losing ethnic differences and forming one large society (macroculture)
Stereotypes are perceptions about certain groups of people or nationalities, often based upon limited knowledge and/or exposure
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Consider contracts and the written word as very important
Be aware of the status differences within the organization; however, generally no display of superiority or inferiority is made which makes rank-conscious foreigners uneasy
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Terms
Enculturation - socialization process you go through to adapt to your society
Frontstage culture - cultural information that you are willing to share with outsiders
Processes
Natural Man Made
Knowledge Belief Encoding Systems Decoding Thought
From Borden, 1991, 171
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Describe the U.S. or another Culture Using Borden
Communication requires coding and symbols that are learned and shared. (Smith, 1966)
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Definitions
International communication communication between governments or among nations
Are very mobile
Convey superiority in their actions
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Stereotypes of Selected
Cultures (Japanese and U.S. Students)
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Intercultural business communication – interpersonal communication within and between businesses that involve people from more than one culture
lazy, poor, loud, dirty, uneducated
cold, respect authority, hard-working
religious, quarrelsome, wealthy, greedy
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cold, dark, closed, secret, selfish
religious, faithful, warlike, Jewish
formal, proper, polite, intelligent
drinkers, jovial, hot-tempered, loud
quiet, small, industrious, smart
The local manager, a Peruvian, replied: “Here's your headcount: we have 30 in
the factory, 15 in the office, 5 in the hospital on sick leave, none broken down by sex. If you must know, our problem here is with alcohol.” (Axtell, 1994)
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