第四课时语法知识词法（3）
五、动词
里所的是指各种称，其中包括 be 、情、助、行（就是我平的那种）。

、名和形容不太容易区分，如不能一眼看出，可用如下方法：
先用“一（量）”（如：一个、一等）和个起来，如得通，一般是名；不通再用“很”去判断，就是把“很”和个起来，得通一般就是形容；都不通就是。

（目前我学的，以后可
能不同）
1、be （am, is, are, ）
1）am—was, is –was, are--were 口：我用 am, 你用 are, is 用在他她它，所有复数全用
are。

2）肯定和否定句I am (not) from London.He is(not) a teacher.
She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long.Her eyes are(not) small.
3）一般疑句Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’ t.
Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’ t.
Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’ t.
4）be 的否定形式： am not（没有写形式），are not = aren，’is tnot = isn。

’ t 2、助（do, does,）
do, does用于一般在，它通常用在疑句和否定句中。

它的否定形式： do not = don’t, does not = doesn’t, did not。

= didn’t
注意：在一般在中， does用于第三人称数，其余一律用助do；助 do, does,
后面一定要用原形。

3、情
情也是一特殊的，平我不把它成是。

情可以和行同出在同一个句子中。

我在学的情有： can、 could、shall、 should、will 、would、may、注意：情后是
用原形。

（不受其他任何条件影响）
其否定形式： can not = can ’t, must not = mustn 注’意t,：⋯may not 和 shall not（无写形式）
4、行为动词
就是我们平时上课时说的动词，表示某一动作或行为。

如：sweep、live 等。

行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式：原形、第三人称单数+s/es、现在分词（也叫动名词）+ing、
（1）动词原形
情态动词+ 动词原形help+动词原形
have to+动词原形Shall we +动词原形want +to++动词原形how +to++动词原形Would you like + to+ 动原be happy +to++动词原形It ’ s time +to+动词原形can’ t wait to+动词原形
助动词 +动词原形
祈使句动词原形开头would like +to++ 动词原形Let +宾格 +动词原形
（2）动词第三人称单数变化规则：
A、一般直接加“ s，”如： play –plays, visit –visits, speak –speaks ；
B、以“ s，”“ x，”“ sh，”“ ch结”尾时，加“ es，”如： catch –catches, watch–watches ；
C、以“辅音字母 +y”结尾时，变“ y为”“ i再”加“ es，”如： carry –carries, study–studies 。

（3）现在分词（动名词）构成规则：
A、一般直接加“ ing，”如： go –going, do –doing, look –looking ；
B、以不发音的“ e结”尾的单词，去“ e”加“ ing，”如：take –taking, make –making, have –having ；
C、以重读闭音节结尾的词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需要双写这个字母再加“ ing，”如：
put –putting, stop –stopping, run –running, get –getting, swim –swimming, sit –sitting, begin –beginning, forget –forgetting。

be+动词 ing
like+动词 ing
begin++动词 ing
how about/What about+动词ing no+动词 ing go+动词 ing love+动词 ing start+动词 ing stop+动词 ing
be good at+动词 in
不是祈使句，放在句子开头的动词要加ing
练一练：
一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空
1.What __________ you doing here?
2.Jimmy _________ absent from school last Monday.
3.There _________ a lot of people here yesterday.
4.We _________ going to give her the key tomorrow.
5.Smith and I __________ at thebarber ’s last night.
6.There _________ a tree, a tiver, and many flowers on the picture.
7.That pair of shoes______ (be) new.
二、用适当的助动词填空。

1)______you like this magazine?
2)---What ______ she ______ at the weekends? ---She usually plays games with her friends.
3)---What______ you do last Sunday? ---I wrote to my friend.
4)---Did you see a Beijing opera? ---No, I ______.
三、用动词的适当形式填空。

（1）I ______to school from Monday to Friday. My brother often _______to school with me. We like ________to school very much.( go )
（2） They usually _______lunch at home. ( have )
（3） My sister likes ________very much. She often _______at our school festival. She _____beautifully.( sing )
（4） What _____ he usually ______on Sunday?He usually ______his homework. Look! He __________his homework now. ( do )
（5）Do people usually_______ moon cakes at Mid-autumn Festival? Yes, they do. Do you like _______moon cakes Yes, I do. ( eat )
(6) I want ______ apples.(pick)
四、写出下列动词的现在分词。

put __________give __________fly _________
get ________dance ________sit_________
run ________take ___________swim _________
ask ___________stop __________take _________。