初中常考近义词辨析2Say speak talk tell.1. He to me, “I’m going to see a film.”2. “May I to J ack?” “Hold on a moment, please!”3. They with each other, but I don’t know what they are about.4. He me he was not at home last night..5. Some Canadians can both English and French.6. I t’s a bad habit to lies.7. I have nothing to8. I can’t the difference between the twins.答案：1.says; 2.speak; 3.talk; 4.told; 5.speak; 6.tell; 7.say; 8.tell注释：四个词都有“说”的意思，say强调说话的内容；speak to sb. 跟某人说话（常用用于电话用语中，如句2），speak 还可表示说某种语言；talk to/ with sb. 和某人聊天/ 谈话；tell“告诉”，常见句型——tell sb. sth告诉某人某事，在句8中表示“分辨，辨别”的意思。

Hundred hundreds of thousand thousands of million millions of1. There are six people on the playground..2. birds are in the park.3. butterflies are dancing.答案：1.hundred/ thousand/ million; 2.hundreds of/ thousands of/ millions of; 3.hundreds of/ thousands of; millions of注释：hundred“百”, thousand“千”, million“百万”，都是数词，在表示具体数量时没有复数形式；hundreds of“数以百计的，成百上千的”，thousands of“数以千计的，成千上万的”，millions of“数百万的”What who1. “_____ is he?” “He is a teacher.”2. _____ does he do? He is a teacher.3. _____ is he? He is our English teacher.4. _____ do your parents do? They are both teachers.5. _____ do you think the lady is? Maybe she is a nurse, I think.答案“1.what; 2.what; 3.who; 4.what; 5.who注释：who询问某人的身份，常用于句型”who + be + 某人？”，即“某人是谁？”；what询问人的身份或职业，用于句型”what do/ does/ did + 某人+ do?”，即“某人是干什么的？”High tall1. The tall boy jumps very_____2. He lives in a _____ building.3. There are _____ mountains around my hometown.4. Yao Ming is 2.26meters _____5. There is a _____ tree in front my house.6. Look! Some birds are flying _____ up in the sky.7. _____ price/ speed/ temperature.答案：1.high; 2.tall/ high; 3.high; 4.tall; 5.tall/ high; 6.high; 7.high注释：high, tall 都有“高”的意思，high只能指物高，tall能指人高也可指物高；高价格（速度，温度）山高都用”high”.Mustn’t needn’t don’t need to don’t have to1. You mustn’t take this book out of the library. You can read it here.2. Must I do my homework now? No, you needn’t.3. Do I have to finish the work today? No, you don’t have to.4. You must help your mother with the housework, mustn’t you?5. Need you go to see a doctor? No, I needn’t.6. You can go home now; you d on’t need to clean the classroom.答案：注释：mustn’t“不准”，表示命令；needn’t = don’t need to“不必，没必要”，前者中的need是情态动词，否定直接在其后加not，后者中的need是行为动词，否定要在其前加否定的助动词“don’t/ doesn’t/ didn’t”；don’t have to “have to不得不，必须”的否定形式Something anything nothing everything1. Is there anything wrong with this computer?2. There is nothing wrong with this computer.= there isn’t anything wrong with the computer.3. She likes to do something different4. How is everything going? Everything goes well.5. She is beautiful, I agree. But beauty is not everything.6. I want something to eat, anything will do.7. He decided to go there. Nothing can stop him from doing it答案：1.anything; 2.nothing/ anything; 3.something; 4.everything/ everything; 5.everything; 6.something/ anything; 7.nothing注释：something“某事，某物”，常用于肯定句中，用于句型”would you like something to do?”中，表示希望得到对方肯定的回答；anything“任何事物”，用于肯定句，疑问句和否定句中；nothing“什么也没有”；everything“一切事物”，可用于任何句式。

注意，修饰something，anything的形容词必须放在它们的后面，做后置定语。

Don’t doesn’t not to not isn’t won’t1. The teacher told me _____ be late for school again2. Will you please ______ draw on the wall?3. Please ______ go across the road now.4. The cake must be more delicious, _________?5. Why ______ go out for a walk? = Why ______ you go out for a walk?6. You’d better ______ sleep in class.7. He’d rather ______ go to the party8. He decided ______ go on a picnic with his class.9. If it ______ rain to morrow, we’ll have a sports meeting.10. ______ forget to bring your homework to school. No, I______.11. He will really work in the country, ______ he?答案：1.not to; 2.——; 3.don’t; 4.isn’t it; 5.not/ don’t; 6.not; 7.not; 8.not to; 9.doesn’t; 10.don’t/ won’t;11.won’t注释：句1句8，tell sb. not to do sth.叫某人别做某事；句3否定的祈使句都用助动词do的否定形式”don’t”开头；句5句6，句型——why not do sth? = why don’t you do sth.? “为什么不----”（表建议）/ you’d better not do sth.“最好别做某事”；句7would rather not do sth.“宁愿不做某事”；句8，decide not to do sth.“决定不做某事”；句9，if引导条件状语从句，主句用将来时，从句则用一般现在时表将来；句10，前半句是否定的祈使句用”don’t”开头，后半句的意思是“是的，我不会（忘的）”；句11，反义疑问句中陈述句部分是肯定句，疑问句部分要用“相应动词的否定形式+主语”的句式，因为该句子中的动词是情态动词will，所以疑问部分要用其否定形式”won’t” + 主语。

Few a few little a little1. Is there any milk in the bottle? Yes, there is _______2. Sorry, I can’t answer your question. I know ______ about this subject.3. That film is not interesting, so ______ people like it.4. Do you speak Japanese? Yes, but only _______5. I’ve study Japanese for only ______ months.6. Tom was ill yesterday, but he feels _______ better now.7. All the students are busy, so ______ of them will go to the cinema.8. Mr. White is very lonely. He has ______ friends, but he likes dogs and he has ______ in his house .he says his dogs eat much and drink ______9. He is a man of ______ words, that is, he talks ______10. In the past ______ years, there have been a lot of changes in my hometown.11. There is _____ milk in this glass than in that one.12. I picked ______ apples than you, but mine is better than yours.答案：1.a little; 2.little; 3.few; 4.a little; 5.a few; 6.a little; 7.few; 8.few/ a few/ little; 9.a few/ little; 10.a few;11.less; 12.fewer注释：few“不多，很少”，修饰可数名词复数（比较级fewer/ 最高级fewest）；little“数量少到几乎没有”修饰不可数名词（比较级less/ 最高级lest）；a few“几个”，修饰可数名词复数；a little“一点，少量”，修饰不可数名词，此外，a little还可以放在形容词比较级前，通常翻译成“-----一点”，例如：a little better 好了一点/ a little smaller 小了一点。