外贸常用术语[中英文对照]１．Trade-related Terms 贸易相关术语A．贸易Foreign Trade 对外贸易Entrepot Trade F。
）转口贸易Home （Domestic）Trade 内贸Coastal Trade 沿海贸易Cross-border Trade 边境贸易Barter Trade 易货贸易Compensation Trade 补偿（互补）贸易Bilateral trade （between China and the US）（中美）双边贸易Multilateral Trade ( Multilaterism ) 多边贸易Trading House/Corporation/Firm/Company 贸易公司Liner Trade 集装箱班轮运输B．合同Contract 合同Active service contracts on file 在备有效服务合同Sales Contract 销售合同Sales Confirmation 销售确认书Agreement 协议Vessel sharing Agreement 共用舱位协议Slot-sharing Agreement 共用箱位协议Slot Exchange Agreement 箱位互换协议Amendment 修正合同Appendix 附录Quota 配额C．服务合同Service Contract as provided in the Shipping Act of 1984，a contract between a shipper （or a shippers association）and an ocean carrier（or conference）in which the shipper makes a commitmentto provide a certain minimum quantity of cargo or freight revenueover a fixed time period，and the ocean common carrier orconference commits to a certain rate or rate schedules as wellas a defined service level （such as assured space，transit time，port rotation or similar service features）。
The contract mayalso specify provisions in the event of non-performance on thepart of either party 服务合同A service contract is a confidential contract between a VOCC and1 or more shippers in which the shipper(s) make a cargo commitment,and the carrier makes a rate and service commitment.服务合同是一家有船承运人与一个和多个托运人签订的保密合同，在合同中托运人对货量作出承诺，承运人对运价和服务作出承诺。
Only a VOCC (or agreement of VOCCs) may enter into a servicecontract as carrier.只有有船承运人（有船承运人协议）可以作为承运人签订服务合同。
NVOCCs may enter into service contracts as shippers, but not as carrier.无船承运人可以作为托运人来签订服务合同，但不可以作为承运人签订服务合同。
Allows a carrier to lawfully charge a negotiated, non-tariff rate.允许承运人合法地收取已达成协议的，非运价本运价。
Allows parties to keep the negotiated rate confidential.允许签约方对已达成协议的运价保密。
Today, the vast majority of liner cargo in the U.S. trade moves underconfidential service contracts.目前，绝大多数美国航线的班轮货物通过保密的服务合同运输。
Must be with qualified shipper(s).必须与合格的托运人签订服务合同。
Must include shipper cargo commitment and carrier rate and service commitments.必须包括托运人货量承诺，承运人运价和服务承诺。
Must include shipper certification.必须有托运人的身份证明。
Must be signed by the carrier and the shipper.必须由承运人和托运人签署。
Must be filed with the FMC.必须向FMC登记Electronic filing is permitted.允许电子登记Rates kept confidential - certain “essential terms” published.运价保密－一些“基本条款”公布Service Contract Form服务合同的格式Term 1 = origin. 条款1 ＝启运地Term 2 = destination. 条款2 ＝目的地Term 3 = a list of commodities. 条款3 ＝商品类别Term 4 –MQC 条款4 ＝最低箱量Term 5 = Service Commitments 条款5 ＝服务承诺Term 6 = Rate Schedule 条款5 ＝费率表Term 7 - Liquidated Damages Clause 条款7 = 清算损失条款Term 8 –Contract Term 条款8 ＝合同期限Term 9A = Legal names of contract parties. 条款9A = 合同方的法定名称Term 9B = Identity of contract signatories. 条款9B ＝签字人的身份Term 9C = Date the contract was signed. 条款9C ＝合同签字日Other Provisions 其它条款Term 10 = shipper certification. 条款10 ＝托运人的身份Term 11 = contract records. 条款11 ＝合同记录Term 12 = other provisions (including force 条款12 ＝其它条款（包括不可majeure, cancellation, arbitration, and 抗拒力，终止，仲裁和assignment clauses). 转让条款）Signature Block 签字栏The Shipper Party 托运方Is the Shipper Party qualified? 托运方是否合格？Must be cargo owner, NVOCC, or shipper’s 必须是货主，无船承运人和托运人协会association.Cannot be freight forwarder. 不可以是货运代理人Is the shipper party the party that will use 托运方是否为合同的使用方？the contract?Cannot be agent or affiliate of shipper party. 不可以是托运方的代理和附属公司Exception: Affiliate of BCO may be shipper 特殊情况：如果直接货主的附属party if it will be responsible for the freight. 公司负责运费，其可以是托运方。
Must Use Full Legal Name 必须使用法定的全称The full legal name and business address 服务合同中必须显示of the shipper party must appear on the 托运方的法定全称和营业地址。
service contract.Should usually include a corporate identifier 通常必须包括公司的标志符(Inc., Ltd., Co.). （Inc., Ltd., Co.）Contract heading, Term 9, and signature 合同的标题，第9条款block should match. 和签字栏必须一致。
Affiliates 附属公司Shipper party may list affiliates entitled to use 托运方可以在合同第9D．条款Contract Terms （and conditions ）合同条款Article 条Section 节/项Item 款Stipulation 规定Essential terms 必备（主要）条款Revision 修改Alteration 更改Contract Signatory 合同签署方（人）Merchant 签约方Head-Contractor 总承包商Sub-Contractor 分包商Parties to the contract 合同（协议签约）有关各方E. 买卖方、中介Manufacturer 制造（厂）商Buyer 买方Seller 卖方Broker 中间人/ 掮客（跑街先生）Middle-man 中间人（商）OTI 远洋运输中介公司NVO (NVOCC) Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier 无船承运人NVOCC Services may include but are not limited to：无船承运人提供的服务包括但不局限于：1）purchasing transportation services from a VOCC and offering 向船舶承运人购买再向such services for resale to other persons 他人转售运输服务2）payment of port to port or multi-modal transportation charges 支付港到港或全程多式联运费用3）entering into affreightment agreements with underlying shippers 与大货主签订运输合同4）issuing bills of lading or equivalent documents 签发提单或相同效用单证5）arranging for inland transportation and paying for inland freight 安排内陆运输，从全程charges on through transportation movements 运费中支付内陆运费6）paying lawful compensation to ocean freight forwarders 向货代支付合理佣金7）leasing containers 负责租用（集装箱）货柜8）entering into arrangements with origin or destination agents 与始发地、目的地代理签订合作协议，落实运作Any person operating in the US as an NVOCC shall furnish evidence 在美国经营无船承运人of financial responsibility in the amount of USD 75000 必需提供保证金75000美元Ocean Freight Broker 远洋揽货代理（船东订舱／营销代理）Ocean Freight Broker is an entity 远洋揽货代理系which is engaged by a carrier to secure cargo for such carrier 由船东经营，专事为本公司揽货，and/or offer for sale ocean transportation services 提供远洋运输服务的机构。