八年级英语（仁爱版）下册语言知识点归纳Unit 6 Enjoying RidingTopic 1 We’re going on a spring field trip一、重点词组1.go on a spring field trip 去春游2.a two-day visit to Mount Tai为期两天的泰山游3.make a decision 做出决定4.find out 查找；弄清5. bring back 带回6.decide on sth.对某事做出决定7.book some tickets/rooms 预定车票/房间8.the hard/soft sleeper硬卧/软卧9.pay for 付款10.make hotel reservation 预定酒店房间11.many kinds of rooms 许多类型的房间12.the best time to do sth.做某事的最佳时间13.work out the cost估算/算出费用14.do/go fund raising = raise money/ funds 筹集资金e up with 产生；想出；赶上16.get to (call home) 达到（打电话回家）的程度17.sell newspapers/ old books/ flowers 卖报/旧书/花18.not…any longer = no longer 不再19.enjoy a good trip 享受愉快的旅行20.at the foot of…在…的脚下二.重点句型及重点语言点1. … , we will go on a two-day visit to Mount Tai, …我们将去泰山进行为期两天的旅行。
two-day “两天的” , 这是带有数字的复合形容词,复合形容词用连字符号连接时,名词要用单数。
如：a 14-year-old boy 一个十四岁的男孩 a 100-meter race 一百米赛跑 a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行2. We will make the decision together. 我们将一起作出决定make a decision = decide 做决定decide (not) to do sth. 决定(不)做某事 decide on sth. 对某事做出决定3. Going by train doesn’t cost as much as by plane, and going by bus is not as comfortable as by train. 搭火车的费用没有搭飞机的高，搭公车不如搭火车舒适。
“going by train”动名词短语在句中做主语。
cost 表“花费（金钱/时间）”时，主语必须是事物。
常用句型“ sth. costs (sb.) some money/time”如：This bike cost me 300 yuan. 这本书花了我三百元钱。
Finishing the homework costs me two hours a day. 通常，每天做完作业花了我两个小时。
4. We’ve got tickets at ¥ 120 for the hard sleeper and ¥ 180 for the soft sleeper.我们的的票价是硬卧票120元，软卧票180元。
at 在句中表“以……的价格”. 如: We’ve got tickets at ¥80 for The Sound of Music.我们有80元一张的《音乐之声》门票。
5．I want to book 10 rooms with two single beds …我想订10间有两张单人床的房间… with 结构在句中作定语，修饰前面的名词，表特征。
如：a girl with light hair 一个金发女郎 a boy with big eyes 一个大眼睛男孩6 My school in America raised a lot of money for our band trip last year. 去年, 我在美国的学校为我们的团队筹集了很多钱。
raise 及物动词，表示“筹集”外，还表“举起；使升高”，一般指把某物从低处抬高到高处。
如：She raised her hand. 她举起了她的手。
He raised his glass to Mr. Li.他举杯向李先生祝贺。
rise 不及物动词，表示“上升；升起；上涨”一般指事物本身由低处移到高处。
如：The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东边升起。
The river/ price rose. 河水上涨了。
7. Some schools come up with great fund raisers , …一些学校产生出伟大的集资者，……come up with 表示“想出；产生；赶上”如：Suddenly he came up with a strange idea. 突然间他想出了一个奇怪的主意。
We came up with the train in time. 我们及时赶上了火车。
8. It takes students one yuan each to buy tickets for a draw to become king or queen for a day. 学生要想成为“一日国王”或“一日王后”, 就要花一元钱买票才可以参加抽奖。
此句型为“It takes sb. some money/ time to do sth.”花了某人多少钱/时间做某事。
三. 重点语法 (一) 结果状语从句1) … , so …“因此”, 常与because 引导的原因状语从句转换. 如:We don’t have much money, so we should go fund raising.= Because we don’t have much money, we should go fund raising.Helen is worried about her trip cost, so she is sad.海伦担心她的旅行费用，因此她很难过。
= Helen is sad because she is about her trip cost. 海伦很难过是因为她担心旅行的费用。
2) … so … that …“如此…以致于…”, 如结果表否定时,常与too + adj./ adv. +to do sth.句型转换.a) 主语 + be + so + adj. + that + 句子e.g: I was so tired that I couldn’t go on any longer. = I was too tired to go on any longer.The cost is so expensive that we should raise money.b) 主语 + 实义动词+ so + adv. + that + 句子e.g: He plays basketball so well that we all like to play with him. 他球打得如此好，以致于我们都喜欢他。
He got up so late that he couldn’t catch the bus. 他起床如此迟，以致他赶不上车。
= He got up too late to catch the bus. 他起床起得太迟了而不能赶上车。
3) … so that …结果e.g.: Jane often makes noise so that I can not fall asleep. 珍妮经常吵闹，结果我无法入睡。
(二) 动词不定式1) 作表语, 常用在系动词之后.Your group’s task is to find out the cost to go by train. 你小组任务是去弄清搭火车的费用。
She seems to be happy. 她似乎很快乐。
2) 作主语, 常用it（形式主语）代替, 不定式放在后面做真正主语. It is hard to say. 很难说。
It is important to learn English well. 学好英语非常重要。
4) 作宾语, 常用在want; like; hope; begin; try; forget; learn; plan; decide; need 等及物动词后,构成动宾结构。
I want to buy some books. 我想去买一些书。
She likes to join the English Club. 她喜欢加英语俱乐部。
We hope to be teachers. 我们希望成为教师。
Don’t forget to call me. 别忘了打电话给我。
5) 作宾补,6) 作定语常用在被修饰的名词/代词之后I have some exciting news to tell you.我有一些令人激动的消息告诉你。
I want something to drink. 我想要些喝的东西。
四、口语应用预订车票、房间：Can I help you? / What can I do for you?Yes. I want/ would like to book …Which kind of ticket o you want, the hard sleeper or the soft sleeper?What kind of room do you have?How many do you want?How much does …cost?May I have your name and your number?Topic 2 Let’s go exploring.一、重点词汇：1. death(动词) die2.east(形容词) eastern3.crowd(形容词)crowded4. huge(同义词) large5. push(反义词)pull 14. satisfy(形容词) satisfied 15.diary(复数)diaries（二）重点词组:1. have a vacation 度假3.cost too much 花费太贵4.plan a trip 计划旅行e along with sb.与某人在一起6. go to the cinema去电影院7. look forward to (doing) sth.期待做某事8. go camping去野营9. in the old days 在古代10.in one’s life在某人的一生11.on both sides of the way 在路的两旁12.two and a half hours两个半小时13.be crowded with 挤满了…14.be surprised at 对…感到惊讶15.push out 挤出;推出16.step on one’s toes 踩了某人的脚趾17.as soon as 一……就……18.give sb. a big hug 给某人一个拥抱19. have fun doing sth.做某事有乐趣二、重点句型及重点语言点1. I’m looking forward to meeting him. 我正盼望看到他.look forward to 表“期待, 盼望”, to是介词,后面应用名词、代词或动名词，且常用于进行时态。