定语从句（for teacher）2016年8月7号有关概念：1、定语从句定语从句在句中做定语，修饰名词的从句，就叫定语从句。

2、先行词被定语从句修饰的词是就叫先行词。

3、关系代词或关系副词连接定语从句和先行词的词就是关系代词或关系副词。

关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which关系副词有：when, where, why。

【1】由关系代词引导的定语从句例如：She is(她就是) the teacher who teaches them chemistry(教他们化学的老师).the teacher被who teaches them chemistry修饰，是先行词，who teaches them chemistry修饰the teacher，作定语，是定语从句,who引出定语从句是关系代词。

又如：I still remember(我还记得) the day when I joined the League(我入团的那天).the day被when I joined the League修饰，是先行词，when I joined the League 修饰the day, 作定语，是定语从句。

when 引出定语从句是关系副词。

定语从句常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。

1).关系代词who, whom, that指人,who，that在定语从句中作主语和宾语，whom只能作宾语，此时，可和who 互换。

that, whom作宾语时，可以省去。

例如：He is(他就是) the man who/that wants to see you (想见你的人).（who/that在从句中作主语）He is(他就是) the man whom/ that I saw yesterday(我昨天见的那个人).（whom/that在从句中作宾语,可以省去）2). that, which指物，在定语从句中作主语和宾语，可以互换，作宾语时，可以省去。

例如：He is interested in(他对…感兴趣) the book that/which his grandfather gave him(他爷爷给的书).（which/that在从句中作宾语，可以省去）We’ve forgotten(我们已经忘记了) the popular song which/that was taught by Mrs Brown last term(上学期布朗夫人教我们的那首流行歌曲). （which/that在从句中作主语）3). whose 用来指人或物,只用作定语,指物，它还可以同of which互换；指人，它可以同of whom互换。

例如：They rushed over to help the man(大家都跑过去帮忙那人)whose(=of whom) car had broken down(他的车坏了).Please pass me the book(请递给我那本书) whose （=of which）cover is green(它的封面是绿皮色的).【2】关系代词that 和which 的用法1）只能用which,不用that的情况:a).引导非限定性定语从句时,不能用that。

例如：The tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here. Which不可改成thatb).介词后不能用that。

例如：We depend on the land(我们依赖土地) from which we get our food(从中获得食物). We depend on the land (我们依赖土地)that/which we get our food from(从中获得食物).2).只能用that,不能用which的情况:a).在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。

例如:On the desk there is(在桌上有) a key that can be used for opening the door(一把可用来开门的钥匙).b).先行词为不定代词，如：anything(任何东西，任何事情), everything(每样东西，每件事情), nothing(每有东西，没有事情),还有the one(那一个), all(所有的人或东西), much(很多), few(很少), any(任何一个), little(很少，几乎没有)等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。

例如:All that is needed(所需的) is a supply of oil(只是供油问题).There is(有) something that I can do for you(我可以为你做的事情).Finally(最终), the thief(那贼) handed everything that he had stolen(把偷的全部东西) to the police(交给了警察).c）先行词有the only(唯一的…), the very(正是…)修饰时，只用that。

例如:He is(他就是) the only man that was invited to the party(被邀请去参加晚会的唯一的人).This is(这) the very scenic spot that we want to visit(正是我们想参观的风景区).d).先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，只用that。

例如:This is(这是) the most interesting novel that I read(我读过的最有趣的小说). The first English magazine that he read(他看的第一本英文杂志) is China Today(是今日中国).e).先行词既有人，又有物时。

例如:They are talking about(他们正在谈论) the persons and things that they know(他们知道的人和事).单项选择题：1-5CDADC 6-10DBBCA 11-15CADBD( )1. I’ll tell you____ he told me last week..A. all whichB. thatC. all thatD. which( )2. We’re talking about the piano and the pianist ___were in the concert we attended last night.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that( )3. The girl ____ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.A. who is singingB. is singingC. sangD. was singing( )4. Those ____ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A. learnB. whoC. that learnsD. who learn( )5. Anyone ____this opinion may speak out.A. that againstsB. that againstC. who is againstD. who are against( )6. Didn’t you see the m an____?A. I nodded just nowB. whom I nodded just nowC. I nodded to him just nowD. I nodded to just now( )7. Is there anything ____ to you?A. that is belongedB. that belongsC. that belongD. which belongs( )8. There is only one thing ____ I can do. A. what B. that C. all D. which ( )9. I like the second football match ____ was held last week.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. Cwhom( )10.The place____ interested me most was the Children's Palace.A. WhichB. whereC. whatD. in which( )11.The factory ____we'll visit next week is not far from here.A. whereB. to whichC. whichD. in which( )12.This is one of the best films____.A. that have been shown this yearB. that have shownC. that has been shown this yearD. that you talked( )13.It there anyone in your class ____family is in the country?A. whoB. who'sC. whichD. whose( )14.He talked a lot about things and persons ____they remembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. what( )15.You're the only person____ I've ever met ____could do it.A. who;/B./; whomC. whom;/D./; who将下列短语翻译成汉语：1. the person I spoke to just now2. the magazine that I bought the day before yesterday3. the cat which was killed the car4. the ideas that they are discussing now5. the book which/ that he borrowed yesterday6. the train which/that arrived in London7. everything that took place in the office8. the girl whose mother is working in that hospital9. the office building which was built last year10. a house whose windows face south将下列短语译成英语：1.妈妈给我的礼物2. 站在那里的那个老太太3. 他听过的第一首英文歌4. 我的父亲买的杂志5. 正和麦克交谈的科学家6. 上周看的那部英文电影7. 我的叔开的那辆车8. 通过数学考试的学生9. 我们参观过的那个农场10. 我们要做的每一件事情【3】“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句由“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句，相当于关系副词引导的定语从句This is(这是) the house in which I lived two years ago(我两年前住过的房子).。