（一）介词概述介词是一种虚词，在句子中不单独作任何句子成分。

它是一种表示名词和句中其他词之间关系的词。

它常和名词、动词、形容词等搭配，构成固定短语，表示不同意思。

介词还可以与名词构成介词短语，表示方位、方向、时间、地点、方式、原因等。

这些介词短语在句中可充当定语、状语、补语等。

2000—2005年的中考中主要考了形容词与介词的搭配：如：be famous for；表示时间的介词，如：at night；动词与介词的搭配，如：arrive in/have dinner with sb.；表示方式、手段的介词，如：by phone/in English.（二）基础知识梳理1．名词与介词的搭配a bit of有一点儿 a couple of两个、几个a kind of一种、一类cover an area of占地面积have pity on sb.怜悯某人huge amounts of大量的make friends with与……交朋友make fun of拿……开玩笑meet the needs of迎合……的需要one after another一个接一个；连续地play a trick on捉弄the week after next下下周2．动词与介词的搭配agree with sb.同意某人的意见apologize to sb. for sth.为某事向某人道歉arrive at/in a place到达某地ask for请求、寻求be covered with被……所覆盖be made of由……制成be made up of由……组成belong to属于break into破门而人、闯入 call on拜访care for照顾、喜欢carry out执行check in办理登机come across被理解；遇见come from出生于、来自come on跟我来、走吧communicate with与……交cut down砍倒deal with= do with处理depend on= rely on依靠、依赖die of因……病而死dream of梦见dress up穿着、打扮eat up= finish off吃光、喝完、吞噬enter for报名参加 fall off从……跌落fill in填充、填写find out找出、查明、了解get along/on with进展、与……相处get in the way挡道get in进入、收集get on上车get off下车get rid of摆脱get ready for为…．作准备get to到达get tired of对……感到厌倦go in for参加、从事于、酷爱，'^ go ahead先走、向前走；去吧go for a swim去游泳go on a diet实行节食go over复习go on with继续做某事grow up长大、成长hand in上交hear from收到……的来信hear of听说help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事hold on等等（别挂电话）hold up举起hurry off匆忙离开 join．n参加、加入keep... from使……不做 keep in touch with与……保持联系keep off阻挡；不让接近 knock over撞倒、撞翻later on过来；后来 laugh at嘲笑learn.., from向……学习leave for动身去let out放出line up整队；排成行live on靠……为生 look after照顾；照料look at看；观看look for寻找look forward to期待着look like看上去像；显得look out of从……朝外看 look up查寻；抬头看make out辨认出make up one's mind下决心meet with遭遇operate on sb.为……动手术pay for付……钱pick out拾起play with玩弄point at指向；指着point out指出praise sb. for sth.为某事表扬某人prefer... to(比起……来)更喜欢prepare for准备protect... from保护……免受 pull down推倒put off延期put on穿；戴上；上演put out伸出 put up举起；挂起run after追捕；追踪run away逃跑search for搜寻；搜查see off为……送行sell out售完set out/off for出发去……；起程去……set up建立；设立．shake hands with与……握手share with与……分享show off炫耀show sb around带某人参观shut up住口speed up加快速度stop...from阻止……做take away拿走take care of照料take charge of负责；管理； take hold of抓住take in吸入take off脱掉（衣物等）；起飞take out取出take part in参加take up开始从事talk about谈到talk to/with与...谈话 tell... from区别；分辨think of想起；想到think over仔细考虑throw away扔掉tie up捆绑try on 试穿turn down（把音量）调低turn into变成turn off关掉（电灯、电视、收音机等）turn on开，旋开（电灯、电视、收音机等）turn over翻车；翻阅；翻身turn out结果是；证明是wake up醒来；叫醒wait for等待；等候write down写下work out算出；制定出3. 形容词与介词的搭配be afraid of害怕be angry with生气be bad for有害于be busy with 忙于be careful with小心 be different from与……不同be familiar to为……所熟悉be famous for以……而闻名be fond of爱好 be good at/poor at擅长于/在……方面比较差be interested in对……感兴趣be keen on喜爱be late for……迟到be located in/on/at位于be pleased with对……满意be proud of为……而感到自豪be ready for为……做准备be surprised at对……感到惊奇be thankful to对……很感激 be used to习惯于be worried about为……而担心 far away from离……遥远plenty of许多4.其他介词1）表示时间的介词after school放学后 at first起先，开始的时候at once=in no time立刻；马上 at present现在；目前at the same time同时at the moment此时；当时；目前；那时from now on从此以后 from time to time不时；有时in a minute一会儿in one’s fifties在某人五十多岁时in the end=at last最后；终于 in the future在将来in the years to come在即将来临的几年中 in time及时out of date过时2）表示事物之间位置的介词at school在学校；在上课at work在工作in front of在……前面 in hospital住院in line成一排；成一直线 in the middle of在……中间next to紧挨着；紧靠着on one’s side在某人一边on the right在右边on the other hand另一方面on show 在展出out of从……里出来；缺乏over there在那边up and down上上下下3）表示方式、手段的介词by bus乘公共汽车 by oneself亲自by phone= on the phone打电话by the way顺便说；顺便问一下in a hurry匆忙in English用英语in one's opinion根据某人的看法 in return作为回报instead of代替；而不是in surprise惊奇地in this way这样on business有事；出差．on foot步行；走路on holiday在休假on the/one's way to在去……的路上 with great care非常小心with one voice异口同声with one's own eyes亲眼（目睹）with the help of在……的帮助下4)表示原因、目的的介词because of因为 in order to为了for example例如 with pleasure愉快地5)表示根据、所属、比较等的介词according to按照after all终究；毕竟belong to属于in all总共in charge of负责in fact事实上in trouble处于困境中not… at all．一点也不；根本不of course当然th e same…as与……同样一、at1. 动词+ at。

at表示“指向某一目标，到达某地”：arrive at抵达, call at访问某地, catch at(it)当场抓住, come at攻击, fire at向……开火, glance at 瞟一眼, glare at 怒目而视, grieve at 忧伤，knock at 敲, laugh at 嘲笑, look at 看一眼, pull at 拉扯, rejoice at 对……高兴，smile at 向某人微笑, shoot at 朝……射击, stare at 怒目而视, thrust at 刺向, tear at 撕, tremble at 颤抖，wonder at 吃惊，work at 工作。

例如：Don’t let me catch you again at it. 不要再让我当场逮住你。

We must “shoot the arrow at the target”. 我们必须有的放矢。

They trembled at the sight of the peasant’s spears. 看到农民的梭标，他们阵阵发抖。