百度文库- 让每个人平等地提升自我广州八年级英语（上册）主要知识点Unit 1 Newspapersphrases and expressionsTake charge of 主管，掌管V ote for …投赞成票Take note 记录Be responsible for 负责，有责任Talk ....over 详谈Make a list of .....把…列成清单Be free for (someone) 对（某人）免费Pay....for 付费Make a decision about.... 对…作出决定In one week's time 一周后A copy of 一份For free 免费From the air 从空中Of one's own 某人自己的Have the habit of.... 有…的习惯Try one's best 尽力Try to (do something) 尽力（做某事）Try doing something 尝试做某事Believe in oneself 相信自己Once a week 每周一次Be pleased with.... 对…满意Keep fit 保持健康Have a high fever 发高烧At break 课间休息Not at all 一点也不，完全不Get on well 相处得好For this reason 因为这样2.语法language: should and ought to (positive)should not and ought not to (negative)3.辨析3.1Other, the other, another(1) Other 表示泛指，没有特定的范围。
. Lei Feng always helped other people.(2) The other 意为“另一个”，一般用于两者之间。
其句型为：one...the other...（一个…另一个…）. The old man has two sons. One is a soldier, the other is a worker.(3) another 表示三者或者三者以上的其他任何一个。
意为“再一；又一”。
. Would you like another cup of tea?注意：the other 和other 后均可加名词，但是意思有所不同，“the other+名词”表示一定范围内出一部分外其余的全部，而"other+名词"表示出去部分以后的另一些，但不是剩下的全部。
S pend, cost, take, pay “花费”A. spend 主语必须为人，常用于一下结构：(1) spend time/money on sth. 在某物上花费时间、金钱。
. I spend two hours on this maths problem.(2) spend time/ money (in) doing sth. 花费时间、金钱做某事。
. They spend two years (in) doing this bridge.(3) spend money for sth. 花钱买某物. His money was spent for books.B. cost 的主语是物或者某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见的用法如下：(1) sth. cost (sb.)+金钱表示“某物花了（某人）多少钱”。
. A computer costs a lot of money.(2) (doing) something cost (sb.) +时间表示“（做某事）某物花了（某人）多少时间。
”. Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.C. take 后面常跟双宾语，常见的用法如下：(1) it takes sb.+时间+ to do sth. 做某事花费了某人多少时间。
. It took them three years to build this road.(2) doing sth. takes sb.+时间表示“做某事花了某人多少时间”。
. Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon.D. pay 的基本用法：(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱给某人买某物。
. I have to pay him two dollars for this bread.(2) pay for (sth.) 付某物的钱。
. I have to pay for the lost book.(3) pay for sb. 替某人付钱。
. Don't worry. I will pay for you.till, until两者都可以用作介词和连词，也都可以用于肯定句和否定句中。
Till 比until 的语气轻，一般不放在句首。
ago, before.Ago表示从现在算起一段时间“以前，”和动词的一般过去式连用。
放在所修饰词后面。
. I knew him many years ago.Before用于表示从过去的某时算起若干时间以前，通常与动词的完成时连用。
. I have never heard of her before.Alone 与lonelyAlone 独自一人，充当标语形容词（不作定于用）。
充当状语。
. She lives alone in the house.Lonely孤独的，指心理上的愁闷。
可作表语和定语。
. He doesn't fell lonely.4. 知识点拓展：agree with sb. 表示“同意某人或者某人所说的话”。
. He agree with me.agree to +表示“建议，计划，办法”的词. He agreed to our suggestion.agree on+ 表“具体协商的文件，计划”等. We agree on the plan.agree to do sth. 同意做某事. We agree to go swimming.leave 的用法：leave 作动词，表示“留下，丢下” , 英语中表示“把某物遗忘在某处”常用“leave+某物+地点”。
. He left his key at home.as well as 的用法：as well as 而且，还，也as well as 可以用来连接两个相同的成分，如名词，形容词，代词，介词，此时虽然连接的是两个并列成分，但是强调的重点在前面不在后面。
意思为：“不但…而且” “既…又”, “除了…之外，还有…”。
翻译时要先译后面再译前面。
. Living things need air and light as well as water. 生物不仅需要水，还需要空气和阳光。
as well as 还用于同级比较注意：as well “也”，一般用于肯定句句末，相当于"too"。
much too 与too muchm uch too “太”，副词短语。
too much “太多”形容词短语。
. He felt much too tired because he has too much homework.Unit 2 detectives and crimeseful phrases and expressionsThe same ...as..和…同样的…No longer 不再Break into 强行闯入Go to jail 进监狱Instead of 代替…，而不是…Behind bars 坐牢At the back of ....在…的后部At the front of ....在前部Go in 进入室内Refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事Bump into someone/something 碰撞到某人、某物take away 带走，拿走Get away 逃离，脱身At the time of ...在…期间Say goodnight to someone 向某人道晚安Knock at 敲，击Break...down 打到From a distance 从远方，从远处In addition to 除…以外Kill oneself 自杀Lose money 输钱Be angry with someone 生某人的气2.语法Language :infinitives（动词不定式）gerunds (动名词）不定式充当句子各种成分的具体用法：不定式作主语：（1）动词不定式放在句首作主语，表示某个具体或将来的动作。
. To swim in the river is dangerous.（2）在现代英语中为了平衡句子，常用it 作形式主语，而把真正作主语的不定式放在后边。
. It is dangerous to swim in the river.（2）在（1）的情况下，可以用介词for 或of 来引出动词不定式的逻辑主语。
. It is difficult for the foreigners to learn Chinese.不定式作宾语：（1）动词不定式可以作某些动词的宾语，表示具体的动作或行为。
. I can not afford to buy a new car.（2）有些动词后既可以接不定式又可以接动名词作宾语。
但意思却不尽相同。
动名词作宾语表示经常性、习惯性，而不定式表示某次具体的活动或行为。
这样的动词有：start, begin, continue, fear, like, love 等。
I like swimming, but I don't like to swim in such a cold weather.（3）有时可以用it 作形式宾语，而把真正作宾语的动词不定式放在后面。
. I find it hard to persuade her.（4）有些动词后面接不定式作宾语表示动作尚未发生，接动名词作宾语表示动作已经发生。
Remember, forget, stop, etc.动词不定式作表语. My job is to teach you English.动词不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式可以在某些动词后面作其宾语补足语。
此类动词有：ask, allow, except, encourage, force, permit, order, persuade. Request. . He helps me to study English.动词不定式作主语补足语. The boy was made to work all day long.动词不定式作定语动词不定式可以用在名词后面作定语。