British English 901


P.350-351

Words used only in one country

America characteristic words： Britain characteristic words：

P.350
1.3.2 Difference in spelling p.352

1.2.3 American English words borrowed words from other cultures:



Indian language: chinquapin美国栗树, chipmunk金 花鼠, hickory山核桃, hominy玉米粥, igloo园丁茅 屋… French: bureau局, cache地窖, prairie, pumpkin… Spanish: abode住处, lasso套索, ranch庄园, corral 畜栏, cockroach … Dutch: boss, scow敞舱驳船 German: noodle, poker拨火棍, seminar, semester, hamburger, frankfurter牛肉香肠

1.3.1 In vocabulary


Same words, different meanings Different words, same meanings Words used only in one country
same word, different meanings
vest Pants Public school Cupboard cracker billion pressman

1882 Noah Webster American English Dictionary: American language

Two wars of the world led to the changes of political status of Britain and America:
New Zealand English

P.357-360
China English VS. Chinglish

China English:



1980 年葛传槼先生提出“中国英语”的概 念。 谢之君认为“中国英语以规范英语为基础, 能够进入英语交际,其使用频度和交际效果 与使用者的水平有关”。 罗运芝简单概括为“中国英语是载汉语语言 特征的英语变体”


The degradation of Briton The hegemony of America 霸主 Sir Earnest Gowers: symptoms of surrender by the older competitor to the younger and more vigorous

1.2.4 Mutual influence of British and American English:



1775-1783: the predominance of British English over American English 1861-1865: the gradual independence of American English After the Civil War – to date: the predominance of American English over British English

American Fiber Center Realize Defense Favor Inquire Gasoline Catalog
Omission of the second consonant



British Traveller Waggon Programme Cigarette Whizz
Movie elevator Automobile baggage Bureau of information Commutation ticket boarding assignment

More examples:

American English 900

I guess you’re right. I suppose you’re right.
Different words share the same meaning
包裹 汽油 大轿车 消声器 酒吧 垃圾 律师
英音 parcel petrol saloon silencer pub rubbish solicitor
美音 package gas sedan Muffler Bar garbage lawyer
1.3 Differences between British English and American English

1.3.1 In vocabulary

Same words, different meanings Different words, same meanings


1.3.2 In spelling and pronunciation 1.3.3 In grammar


1.2 Causes leading to the differences between British and American English 1.2.1 The development of English




American colony: the 17th century English Britain has developed. 17th English/American now in English Gotten got Mad生气的 疯狂的 rare未煮熟的 罕见的，稀罕的 fall,意为“秋天”, 来源于the fall of leaves(落叶时节),而标准英语 从乔叟(Geoffrey Chaucer,约1346~1400年)就开始用“autumn”一 词(来自法语)表示“秋天” bug一词在美国英语中泛指“虫子”,而现在在英国英语中却专指 “臭虫”
Movie elevator Automobile baggage Bureau of information Communtation ticket boarding assignment
影片 电梯 汽车 行李 询问处 月票 寄宿 作业
film Lift Motor-car Luggage Inquiry office Season ticket lodging task
Chapter 12
英语词汇的国别特征

Teaching focus: 1. American English and British English 2. Canadian 3. Australian 4. Neuzeland

1. American English words 1.1 History of American English



American do Do you have a car? She has a beautiful new home. He doesn’t have any friends.
In preposition



British Fill in a form Meet somebody Monday to Friday Stay at home

British
I’ve just had lunch. Have you finished your homework yet?

American
I just had lunch. Did you finish your homework yet?







British have Have you got a car? She has got a beautiful new home. He hasn’t got any friends.



American Traveler Wagon Program Cigaret Whiz
Omission of the unvoiced sound


British Axe Good-bye Plough


American Ax Good-by Plow

British Pedlar Sceptic Cheque Smoulder Mediaeval Draught Fuse Tsar

American Peddler Skeptic Check Smolder Medieval Draft Fuze Tzar
1.3.3 In grammar
包裹 汽油 大轿车 消声器 酒吧 垃圾 律师
英音 parcel petrol saloon silencer pub rubbish solicitor
美音 package gas sedan Muffler Bar garbage lawyer
影片 电梯 汽车 行李 询问处 月票 寄宿 作业
film Lift Motor-car Luggage Inquiry office Season ticket lodging task

American
I insist that you attend the meeting. I move that Mr. Smith be appointed secretary.