• 3. The Eight Virtues embrace loyalty, filial piety, benevolence, love, faith, justice, harmony, and peace.
语境歧义
• 再例如，作为一个中国人，经书不可不读。我年 过三十才知道读书自修的重要。（梁实秋） • Another example. The reading of Chinese classics is a must for all Chinese. But it was not until I was over 30 that I came to realize the importance of self-study in the matter of classics. (cf. reading/learning) (Tr. Zhang)
Correct the translation
• 1，在探求真理的过程中，人们对客观规律的认 识要经过艰苦曲折的过程。 • In the process of exploring truth, people will have to pass through tremendous hardships and difficulties before they can come to understand the objective laws. • 2，英军顺利登上小岛。 • The British army climbed onto the island successfully.
Correct Translations
• • • • • • • • • • 1.酸奶 yoghurt 2.绿豆 mung bean 3.卧室 bedroom 4.试穿 try on 5.密码 password 6.大片 blockbuster 7.番茄酱 ketchup 8.方便面 instant noodles 9.隐形眼镜 contact lenses 10.高等学校 colleges or universities
• 3，毒奶粉事件造成至少6名儿童死亡，受害家庭 将拿到最高20万元的赔偿金。(poisonous, incident) • The ____ milk-powder ___ killed at least 6 infants. Families of the victims could receive up to 200,000 yuan compensation.
引自肖辉等2008：62
• • • • • • • • 汉语词语 指称意义 假唱 sing in falsetto 火夫 firemen 纸钱 paper money 禁忌 taboo 小姐 young lady 同志 comrade 气管炎 tracheitis 第二指称意义/语用意义 lip-synch steam fitter spirit money avoid certain food prostitute gay hen-pecked man
古语误读
• 君不见汉家山东二百州，千村万落生荆杞。 • （杜甫） • Have you not heard—in Shandong there two thousand districts lie/All overgrown with briar and weed and wasted utterly? (Tr. Fletcher) • 此“山东”指华山以东: east of the Huashan Mountain
参考译文
• 1. When Qian was just one year old, he was told by his parents to choose one thing among many others. He picked up a book of all things. There upon his father very gladly gave him the name: Zhongshu (=book lover) • 2. It is not easy to reach a relatively comfortable standard of living, because of China’s huge population, low economic starting level, and uneven development in different parts of China.
• 3，改革和开放也使民族精神获得了新的解放。 • Reform and the open policy have also further liberated the national spiபைடு நூலகம்it. • 4，川味火锅已风靡全国，并走向世界。 • Sichuan hotpot has become a popular dish all over China, and is walking towards the world.
Filling in the blanks
• 1，如果规章制度遭到破坏，就会引起混乱。 (destroy, destruction) • Any ____ of the rules and regulations would be chaos. • 2，鸦片战争打开了中国长期封闭的门户，标志 着帝国主义一系列侵略中国领土行为的开端。 • (open, a series of) • The Opium War ___ China’s long-closed door and marked the beginning of ___ imperialist aggressions upon China’s territory.
Key
• 1, pass through → experience • 2, climbed onto → landed on • 3, liberated the national spirit → emancipated the minds of the people • 4, walking towards the world → capturing people’s fancy
方言俗语
• 南京的习俗：但凡新媳妇进门，三日就要到厨下 收拾一样菜，发个利市。（儒林外史） • The custom in Nanjing is for all brides to invite good luck by going to the kitchen on the third day and cooking a dish.
颜色词误读误译
黄牛（yellow cow——ox前误后正，下同） 黄鹂（yellow bird ——oriole） 黄瓜( yellow melon——cucumber) 紫菜（purple vegetable ——laver） 白菜( white vegetable ——Chinese cabbage) 红豆杉(red fir——Chinese yew) 黑社会(black society ——sinister gang)
Key
• 1. violation • 2. broke open, a succession of • 3, tainted, scandal
翻译实践
• 1，钱先生周岁时“抓周”，抓到一本书，因此 得到“钟书”。 • 2，中国实现小康目标任务艰巨，因为中国人口 多，底子薄，各地发展不平衡。 • 3，“八德”指的是“忠孝仁爱信义和平”。
词语蕴涵意义与翻译
蕴涵意义
• 蕴涵意义：词语内含的情感和联想意 义，或任何超出字面意义的意义。
Anything wrong?
• • • • • • • • • • 1.酸奶 sour milk 2.绿豆 green bean 3.卧室 living room 4.试穿 have a fit 5.密码 secret code 6.大片 big movie 7.番茄酱 tomato sauce 8.方便面 convenient noodles 9.隐形眼镜 invisible glasses 10.高等学校 high school