09《会计英语》期末复习资料I. Useful Phrases （短语）这个是给出中文让写英文1.Trading securities交易性金融资产2.Notes/accounts receivable 应收票据/帐款3.Provision for bad debts 坏帐准备4.Advances to suppliers 预付帐款5.Prepaid expenses 待摊费用(考过)6.Accrued expenses 预提费用7.Accrued payroll 应付工资8.Dividends payable 应付股利9.Provision for loss on realization of inventory 存货变现损失准备10.Available-for-sale securities 可供出售的金融资产11.Hold-to-maturity securities 持有至到期投资12.Long-term investment in equity 长期股权投资13.Long-term investment maturing within one year 一年内到期的长期投资14.Receivables collectible after one year 一年以上应收款项15.Fixed assets - cost 固定资产原价16.Fixed assets – net book value 固定资产净值17.Fixed assets – pending disposal 固定资产清理18.Accumulated depreciation 累计折旧19.Construction in progress 在建工程20.Intangible assets 无形资产21.Proprietary technology and patents 工业产权及专有技术22.Deferred tax assets 递延所得税资产23.Current liabilities 流动债务24.Provisions for foreseeable liabilities 预计负债准备25.Premium/discount on debentures payable 应付公司债券溢价/折价26.Deferred tax liabilities 递延所得税负债27.Paid-in capital 实收资本28.Capital/Earnings surplus 资本/盈余公积29.Undistributed profits 末分配利润30.Accumulated losses 累计亏损31.Profit and loss account利润表32.Sales discounts and allowances销售折扣与折让33.Impairment losses of assets 资产减值损失34.Gain/loss on changes in fair value 公允价值变动收益/损失35.Operating profit/loss 营业利润/亏损36.Non-operating income/expenses 营业外收入/支出 profit/loss after tax 税后净利润/亏损38.Earnings per share (EPS) 每股收益39.Basic/diluted EPS 基本/稀释每股收益II. Abbreviations （缩略语）这个是给简写让你写出英语跟中文1.GAAP : Generally Accepted Accounting Principles .公认会计原则2.FASB : Financial Accounting Standards Board. 财务会计准则委员会3.AICPA: American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. 美国注册会计师协会4.CICPA : Chinese Institute of Certified Public Accountants. 中国注册会计师协会5.MOF : the Ministry of Finance财政部6.SL Method : straight-line method. 直线法P.252/77.ROA : return on assets.资产报酬率P.267/78.EPS : earning per share.每股收益P.351/99.P/E Ratio : the price/earning ration 市盈率10.SCF : the statement of cash flows 现金流量表III. Questions （回答问题）Lesson 1 --- Home Assignments●Discussion Questions: p.221.What are the four financial statements prepared by a proprietorship toprovide information for decision making?√They are: income statement (profit and loss account), statement of owner’s equity (capital statement, statement of retained earnings), balance sheet and cash flow statement.2.What is the proper formula presentation of the accounting equation?√Assets = Liabilities + [owner’s equity + (Revenue – Expenses)]●Exercise 1 - 2: p.23Foreman Corporation, engaged in a service business, completed the following selected transactions during the period:√1)Issued additional capital stock, receiving cash;2)Purchased supplies on account;3)Returned defective supplies purchased on account and not yet paid for;4)Received cash as a refund from the erroneous overpayment of anexpense;5)Charged customers for services sold on account;6)Paid utilities expense;7)Paid a creditor on account;8)Received cash on account from charge customers;9)Paid cash dividends to stockholders;10)Determined the amount of supplies used during the month.Lesson 2 --- Home Assignments●Discussion Questions: p.631.Does debit always mean increase and credit always mean decrease?√No, it does not. And debit or credit should not be confused with increase or decrease. It depends on which side of an account is used for debit or credit.2.Given that assets have economic value and that they have debit balances, whydo expenses also have debit balances? √Because expenses have the effect of decreasing capital, and just as decreases in capital are recorded as debit, increases in expense accounts are recorded as debits. Lesson 3---Home Assignments●Answer the following questions:1.Briefly explain the matching principle. （考过）√The matching principle states that expenses should be deducted (matched against) from the revenues earned in the same period.2.Why is an unearned revenue a liability? √Unearned revenue is a liability because the business owes the customer a good or service.Lesson 7---Home Assignments1.What do determinable current liabilities include? P.291√They include trade accounts payable, current notes payable, current maturities of long-term obligations, cash dividends payable, accrued liabilities, and prepayments or deposits from customers.2.What does non-current liabilities represent? P.306 √It represents obligations of the firm that generally are due more than one year after the balance sheet date.3.What does the major portion of non-current liabilities consist of? P.306It consists of notes and bonds payable.Lesson 8---Home Assignments●Answer the following questions:1.What determines the yield rate of a company’s stock? √Dividends per share divided by market price per share determine the yield rate ofa company‘s stock.2.What is P/E ratio?√The Price/Earning (P/E) ratio is the ratio of the market price per share to earnings per share.Lesson 9---Home AssignmentsAnswer the following questions:1.What are the three categories into which the SCF should be classified?They are a) cash flow from operating activities, b) cash flow from investing activities, cash flow from financing activities.√2.What is the usefulness of the SCF? √From SCF, the information users can know the reasons for the difference between net income and net cash flows from operating activities.IV. E-C Translation （英汉语篇翻译）让你写中文意思P.49/L.21.Preparing a Trial BalanceAccountants usually complete the posting of journal entries to the ledger accounts at the end of each month if they are using a manual system. With a computerized system, each posting is done automatically as each journal entry is recorded. The equality of debits and credits in the ledger should be verified at the end of each accounting period. To verify the accuracy of the recording process, accountants prepare a trial balance of the ledger accounts. A trial balance not only provides a check on the equality of debits and credits but also is a useful summary of account balances for preparing financial statements.[参考译文] 编制试算表（考过）若使用的是手工录入系统的话，会计师通常是在每个月的月底完成日记帐到分类帐的过帐工作；若是用计算机系统的话，则每次过帐均在完成每笔日记帐的同时就自动完成了。