三.超市M&A/零售业讲的是一家HK上市商场CRG(中国市场份额第二)打算与英资连锁超市FreshMart(进入中国市场10年左右吧,市场份额不大,目前亏损,零售商)合并,扩大市场份额,主攻大陆市场,面临着各种机遇与挑战,以及自身的优势和不足1 SWOT分析两家各自的优劣势合并的利与弊;两个分别的改进措施;套用杠杆作用(S+O),抑制性(S+W),脆弱性(O+T),问题性(W+T)来分析pros & cons(PROS& CONS)和对手比⑴韦斯顿协同效应——并购会带来企业生产经营效率的提高,最明显的作用表现为规模经济效益的取得(1+1〉2Weston synergy, m&a can bring enterprise an increase of production and management efficiency, the most obvious effect is obtaining scale economic benefit⑵市场份额效应——通过并购可以提高企业对市场的控制能力,通过横向并购,达到由行业特定的最低限度的规模,改善了行业结构、提高了行业的集中程度,使行业内的企业保持较高的利润率水平Effect of market share, m&a can improve the control of the market, through thehorizontal mergers and acquisitions, improve the industry structure, improve the industry concentration degree, make industry enterprises to maintain a higher level of profitability ⑶经验成本曲线效应——其中的经验包括企业在技术、市场、专利、产品、管理和企业文化等方面的特长,由于经验无法复制,通过并购可以分享目标企业的经验,减少企业为积累经验所付出的学习成本,节约企业发展费用,在一些对劳动力素质要求较高的企业,经验往往是一种有效的进入壁垒。
The enterprise can share the experience of the target enterprise through mergers and acquisitions, reduce the pays to accumulate experience, cut down the cost of enterprise development.⑷财务协同效应——并购会给企业在财务方面带来效益,这种效益的取得是由于税法、会计处理惯例及证券交易内在规定的作用而产生的货币效益,主要有税收效应,即通过并购可以实现合理避税,股价预期效应,即并购使股票市场企业股票评价发生改变从而影响股票价格。
Financial synergies, mergers and acquisitions can bring benefit to enterprises in the financial aspect. Tax effect, mergers and acquisitions can realize reasonable tax avoidance. Stock price forecast effect, m&a cause changes of enterprise stock evaluation in the stock market which affect stock prices.并购有助于提升企业的管理水平和顾客的购物体验,并有能力提供更有竞争力的价格。
不同零售网络、分销中心以及制造厂的增加也将为顾客提供更多不同的商品,使配送和供应链运转更高效,从而增加新鲜及易坏食品的供应,同时扩大自有品牌商品。
M&a helps to improve enterprise management level and provide a more competitiveprice. Different retail network, distribution center, and the increase of the factory will provide customers with more different goods, make the distribution and supply chain more efficient, thereby increasing the supply of fresh and easy bad food, as well as expand its own brand goods.2战略制定:横向并购可以扩大同类产品的生产规模,降低生产成本,消除竞争,提高市场占有率。
(1)如何合并(英资超市在合资企业中占20%的股权,在并购中应该注意什么问题),合并中会遇到的问题,并怎样解决,请设计一个简单的战略策划问题:KPMG毕马威全球并购整合业务合伙人 Jack Prouty先生总结当今并购的70现象:当今世界上70%的并购后的企业未能实现期望的商业价值,70%失败源于并购后的整合过程中1.企业发展目标上整合难(市场占有;减轻亏损)2.企业经营决策上整合难。
3.企业管理制度上整合难4.企业销售方式上整合难。
5.企业员工待遇上整合难1 调研分析双方文化共同点和差异,明确文化整合目标所以跨国公司在东西方跨国经营中,应该对双方的企业文化进行调研,组织专门人员进行文化评估,了解双方企业文化差异和共同点,只有这样才能优化配置文化资源,制定适合的文化整合方案。
另外,在了解双方文化差异和共同点的基础上还要明确文化整合各阶段的任务和目标,以保证企业文化整合循序渐进的进行。
Research and analysis both cultural similarities and differences, clear cultural integration goals, formulate appropriate cultural integration scheme. In addition, on the basis of the understanding of cultural differences and common, make clear cultural integration tasks and goals of each stage to ensure that the enterprise culture can integrate step by step.2 管理者要以大局为重,敞开心扉接收外国先进文化,并对本国原有文化作出一定调整,使双方文化优势互补,有利于形成共有的优秀文化。
另外,管理者要从自身做起,率先垂范,高度重视,切实推动文化整合。
还要充分调动员工参与文化整合的积极性,促使他们都投入到文化整合中来。
Managers should emphasis on the overall situation, receive foreign advanced culture, and make some adjustment to their original culture, take advantages of both the parties. In addition, managers should start from their own and give their employees a lead. They also should arouse the enthusiasm of employees to participate in the cultural integration. 3建立企业文化整合机制,为企业文化整合提供保障一是设立企业文化整合团队,指定具有企业文化整合经验和影响力的专门人员从事这项工作。
(海尔公司有海尔企业文化中心负责策划和创意);二是注重建立和完善企业理念体系,并通过各种手段在企业宣传贯彻。
特别是重视用新的价值观念、企业道德和经营理念来统一员工思想,激激励员工斗志。
三是注重企业制度文化的建立,要把企业文化的基本理念体现到各规章制度中去,四是加强企业文化标识的建设,塑造企业新的品牌形象。
Set up the system of enterprise culture integration to provide security for the enterprise cultural integration.One is to set up enterprise culture integration team which is consisted of experienced and professional personnel. (haier, haier enterprise has culture center that is responsible for planning and creative);Second, Especially pay attention to use the new value system, the enterprise ethics and business philosophy to e motivate staff.3 Insert the basic concept of enterprise culture to the various rules and regulations, Four is to strengthen the construction of enterprise culture , shaping enterprise new brand image.4疏通企业文化整合渠道,加强跨文化沟通要注重全方位的有效沟通和多层次的交流,形成统一价值观,使整合后的文化能被员工接受,认同并落实到实际行动中去。
5加强企业文化整合培训,强化文化认同感通过跨文化培训,可以加强人们对不同文化环境的反应和适应能力,促进不同文化背景人们之间的沟通和理解。
跨文化培训的主要内容有对文化的认识训练、文化敏感性训练、语言学习、跨文化沟通及冲突处理、地区环境模拟等。
Carry out enterprise cultural integration training, strengthen the cultural identity Through the cross-cultural training, can strengthen people's reactions and adaptive capacity to different cultural environment, promote communication and understanding between different cultures people.6实施本土化策略,创造企业良好发展环境本土化在管理上意味着渗透和融入,即跨国公司将生产,营销,管理,人事等经营内容全方位融入东道国经济中的一个过程。