不准冒险凭想象。forbid, risk, imagine
[注意] 1. 动词-ing形式的复合结构是指在动词ing形式前面加上逻辑主语来强调动作 的执行者，该逻辑主语常为形容词性 物主代词或名词所有格；当逻辑主语 不出现在句首时，可用人称代词的宾 格代替形容词性物主代词或用名词普 通格代替名词的所有格。如：
6. It is important to explain this again or we will confuse the students. Explaining this again is important or we will confuse the students.
Which verbs are followed by –ing? Which by the infinitive? First write doing or to do over the correct group. Then write the verbs in the box in the correct columns and finally practise making at least four sentences with them.
以下的动词后面既可接动词的不定式
又可以接动词的ing作宾语：
hate, love, prefer, remember, forget, regret, like, try, stop, begin, start
既跟动词-ing又接不定式作宾语的动词（笔记） 双方一旦开始begin/start ，不论喜欢like, prefer与否hate, dislike ，都得继续continue下 去。 不管记住remember与否forget ，努力try打算 mean停止stop ，后悔regret三个需要want, need, require 。
2. 动词-ing形式作主语时常后置, 用it作形式 主语，用形容词或名词作表语。常见的作 表语的名词或短语有：no use, no good, fun, hard work, a hard / difficult job, a wonder, a waste of time等。如： Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her? It’s no good waiting here. Let’s go home. It was a waste of time reading that book.
常跟不定式作宾语的动词歌诀（笔记！！！）
三个希望两答应，hope; wish; want; agree; promise 两个要求莫拒绝, demand; ask; refuse 设法学会做决定, manage; learn; decide 不要假装在选择。pretend; choose 想要拒绝命令， want; refuse; order 需要努力学习, need; try; learn 期望同意帮助， expect; agree; help 希望决定开始。 hope; wish; decide; begin; start
4. In the countryside it is not as easy to do research as in the city. Doing research in the countryside is not as easy as in the city. 5. To get rid of hunger is very important for some African countries. Getting rid of hunger is very important for some African countries.
consider, suggest / advise, look forward 考虑建议盼原谅，to, excuse, 承认推迟没得想，admit, delay / put off, fancy
避免错过继续练，avoid, miss, keep /keep on, practise
否认完成停能赏，deny, finish, stop, enjoy / appreciate 不禁介意准逃亡，can’t help, mind, allow/ permit, escape
smell bad. Your schoolmate’s not coming home in time made her parents worried.
需要注意的问题：
以下的动词后面加动词的不定式作宾
语：
decide, hope, expect, seem, agree, afford, arrange, choose, offer, plan, promise, determine, demand, manage, fail, prepare, refuse, pretend
I’m annoyed about John’s forgetting to pay. I really can’t understand you treating her
like that.Fra bibliotek2. 动词-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面
加not，带有逻辑主语时not应在动词
-ing形式之前。如：
Not cleaning his teeth made him
1. It is nice to help people in need of help. Helping people in need of help is nice. 2. It is not easy to grow super hybrid rice. Growing super hybrid rice is not easy. 3. It is not difficult to learn more about farming. Learning more about farming is not difficult.
3. need, require, want作“需要”解时, 后接动词-ing形式作宾语, 主动形式 表示被动意义, 相当于to be done。 如： The radio needs / requires / wants repairing / to be repaired.
常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀（笔记！！！）
to do
doing
both to do and doing
promise fail hope afford plan
enjoy finish mind miss keep
try stop begin forget like start
动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
1. 动词-ing形式是在动词末尾加 -ing， 属于非谓语动词。如：do-doing, write-writing, sit-sitting, etc.
否定形式：not + v--ing
2. 动词-ing形式作主语或宾语时，也
可称为动名词。
动词-ing形式作主语 1. 动词-ing形式作主语表示抽象的或泛 指的动作, 谓语动词用单数。如： Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.
2. The parents suggested ____ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip. A. sleep C. C sleeping B. to sleep D. having slept
3. How I regret ____ so much time in the net bar! I should have studied
harder.
A. to waste B B. wasting
C. wasted
D. being wasted
1. Lydia doesn’t feel like _____ abroad. Her parents are old. A. study B. studying C. studied D. to study
_______ to do manage expect decide seem offer
_______ doing imagine suggest avoid admit practise
both to do and doing hate love prefer remember regret
promise, enjoy, fail, try, finish, hope, stop, begin, afford, forget, like mind, miss, start, plan, keep
2. Planning so far ahead _____ no sense — so many things will have changed by next year. A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made
Rewrite the following sentences using the –ing form as the subject. Example: It is necessary to get water from wet to dry places. —Getting water from wet to dry places is necessary.
动词-ing形式作宾语 1. 有些动词如admit, avoid, consider, escape, deny, risk, suggest等后能接 动词-ing形式作宾语，而不能接动 词不定式。如： We’re considering paying a visit to the Science Museum.