• 3)在含有no, -less 等否定词的句子 中,一般都用动名词作真实主语.
• It is no use asking her advice.
• 4) 在某些名词或形容词后,用动名词 作真实主语.
• It’s a waste of time discussing such matters.
• It is worthwhile waiting for another 2 days.
• I can’t help laughing. • I try to avoid meeting her.
• 4) 既可接不定式，又可接动名词 作宾语的动词
• like / dislike / love / hate / prefer / begin / start / forget / continue / cease / attempt / propose / want / need / remember / regret / neglect
• a waste of time/ an awful job/ not an easy work/ good / better/ interesting/ fun/ odd/ enjoyable/ worthwhile
• 5) 在某些名词或形容词后,用不定 式作真实主语
• It is very important to read aloud in learning a foreign language.
• 3. 原因状语一般由Being… 和 Seeing that…引导
• Being sick, I stayed at home. • Seeing that it was raining, he took
an umbrella. • Being written in haste, the
composition is full of mistakes.
• 常见的动名词作定语的结构 • an opening speech
• drinking water • drawing paper • reading material • working method • walking stick • operating table
1.环境污染是一项难以应付的问题。 A：
• 6) there be句型的一种特殊情况 • There be no doing sth. = It is
impossible to do sth • There is no telling what would be
the punishment at the moment.
• 7) 表语和主语应平衡 • To live is to struggle. • Living is struggling.
• I propose to stay there for a few days.(打算)
• try • They tried solving the problem in a
new way.(已经尝试)
• They tried to solve the problem in a new way.(试图准备)
• 5) 主动表被动的动名词常用在下 列几个动词后
• require / need / want / deserve • Does your car require mending? • The flat is dirty. It needs cleaning.
• 6) 有些动词后可用疑问词带不定 式作宾语
• Do you mind my making a suggestion?
• Pardon me saying it.
• She forgave him doing it.
• 三. 非谓语动词作状语 • 1.不定式通常作目的状语,分词一
般不作目的状语
• Many farmers left home to seek job in big cities.
nothing to see.
6.这是一本好书，有许多值得学习 的东西。
A：This is a good book in which there is
much to be learnt.
7.这是一则不可对任何人说的情报。
A：This is an item of information not to
• 非谓语动词作宾语 • 1) 不定式是 “未发生” 或 “将发生”
而动名词是 “已完成” • remember to turn off the light • remember turning off the light
• 2) 部分动词只用不定式作其宾语
• aim to/ arrange to/ ask to/ afford to/ agree to/ apply to/ beg to/ claim to/ choose to/ dare to/ decide to/ decline to/ demand to/ desire to/ determine to/ endeavor to/ expect to/ pretend to/ proceed to/ promise to/ refuse to/ request to/ resolve to/ seek to/ strive to/ swear to/ undertake to/ volunteer to/ wish to
• It is considerate of you to give me a hand.
• important/ easy/ hard/difficult/ nice
• clever/ foolish/ wrong/ considerate/ rude/ impolite/ pleasure/ mistake/ pity/ shame/ honor
• defer/ delay/ deny/ detest/ endure/ enjoy/ escape/ evade/ excuse/ fancy/ forbid/ favor/ finish/ imagine/ include/ involve/ justify/ mention/ mind/ miss/ necessitate/ pardon/ permit/ postpone/ practice/ prevent/ quit/ recall/ renounce/ require/ resent/ resume/ risk/ stand/ suggest/ warrant/ can’t help
• You must remember to write to me often.
• regret • I regret missing the film.(已经错过) • I regret to say that I cannot
come.(将要说)
• I propose staying there till next day.(提议)
• 两者作主语时的差异 • 1) 不定式强调结果,动名词强调过
程 • To see is to believe. ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ Seeing is believing.
• 2) 不定式侧重具体某次动作, 动名 词指抽象多次动作
• To smoke so much is not good for you.
• Smoking is not good for our health.
• deserve / can’t bear • 有的意义略有差别 • I scorn telling lies.(抽象行为) • I scorn to tell a lie.(某次行为)
• 有的意义相差明显 • remember • I remember seeing her once somewhere.
• consider / decide / explain / forget / know / tell / remember / wonder
• I have to consider where to go.
• Can you decide which county to invest to.
• 7) 动名词的复合结构,物主代词限 定动名词,如果不是所属关系,代词 用宾格和属格皆可
非谓语动词
• 非谓语动词 • 具有双重性质: • 1) 动词性质 • have breakfast fast • Having breakfast fast is bad for
health.
• 2) 非动词性质,即名词及形容词性 质
• To see is to believe. • The girl standing there is my sister.
Environmental pollution is a hard problem to be coped with.
2.时间紧迫，我们必须马上动身。 A：
There is no time to lose. We must start at once.
3.这是一种必须在几年之内加以消 灭的传染病。
A：This is an infectious disease to be
wiped out in a few years.
4.听不到有什么声音。 A：There was no sound to be heard. 5. 我已经在这里呆了两天，没有什
么可看的了。
A：I’ve spent 2 days here. There is
outside the room, but
there was nothing to be seen.
10.他可是一个需要认真对待的人.
A: He is a man to be reckoned with. 11. 她坚决拒绝接受他的求婚。