李观仪《新编英语教程（1）》第3版学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】Unit1一、词汇短语Text I1.clumsy[]adj.moving or doing things in a very awkward way笨拙的，拙劣的：I spilt your coffee.Sorry—that was clumsy of me.我把你的咖啡弄洒了。
对不起，我太笨了。
2.hammer[]v.敲打n.a tool that consists of a heavy piece of metalat the end of a handle锤子：To avoid damaging the tree,hammer awooden peg into the hole.为了避免毁坏这棵树，把一只木钉敲进那个洞里。
3.deft[]adj.skilful and often quick灵巧的，敏捷熟练的：With a deft flick ofhis wrist,he extinguished the match.他的手腕灵巧地一抖，就熄灭了火柴。
【扩展】近义词：dexterous灵巧的，熟练的4.squarely[‘ɛ]adv.directly or in the middle,rather than indirectly orat an angle正好、正中地：I kept the gun aimed squarely at his eyes.我一直把枪直直瞄准他的眼睛。
5.apt[]adj.exactly suitable适当的，恰当的：The words of this report are as apttoday as in1929.这份报告的措辞在当今如在1929年一样恰当。
6.scrupulous[]adj.correct even in the smallest detail；exact严格认真的，审慎的：You’re being very scrupulous,but to whatend?你表现得很认真，但目的是什么呢？7.subtle[]adj.not very noticeable or obvious细致的，微妙的，不易察觉的：The truth is subtly different.事实略有不同。
8.shade[]n.a slight difference in degree轻微的区别；不同的程度9.chap[]n.a man or boy家伙：“I am a very lucky chap,”he commented.“The doctors were surprised that I was not paralyzed.”“我是个非常幸运的家伙”，他解释说，“医生们都很惊奇我没有瘫痪。
”10.constitute[]v.to form or make up构成，组成：China’s ethnic minorities constitute less than7percent of its total population.中国的少数民族构成总人口的不到7%。
11.ultimately[]adv.in the end；after everything or everyoneelse has been taken in to account最终地，最后地：Whatever thescientists ultimately conclude,all of their data will immediately edisputed.无论科学家们最终得出什么结论，他们的所有数据将随即受到质疑。
12.kinship[]n.a)the fact of being related in a family亲属the tiesof kinship家庭纽带；b)a feeling of being close to somebody becauseyou have similar origins or attitudes亲切感：We tend to feel kinship withthose who share the same values.我们更倾向于和有相同价值观的人表现亲切感。
【扩展】近义词：affinity n.密切关系13.substitute[]n.a person or thing acting or used in placeof another替代者，替代物：Paul’s father only saw him as a substitute forhis dead brother.保罗的父亲只把他当作逝世的哥哥的替身。
14.cowardice[]ck of courage怯懦，胆小：His girlfriend isdisgusted at his cowardice.他的女友讨厌他的懦弱。
【扩展】同根词：coward n.懦弱的人15.rife[]adj.widespread普遍的；充满…的，流行的：The streets were rife withrumors of the President’s resignation.大街小巷都充斥着总统辞职的谣传。
16.manliness[]n.qualities typical of or suitable to a man刚毅，男子气17.singularity[]n.strangeness奇特，特性，非凡：Onecannot fail to be struck by the singularity of his sculptures.没有人不为他的雕塑的魅力所折服。
18.malapropism[]n.an often amusing misuse of aword,such that the word incorrectly used sounds similar to theintended word but means something quite different词语误用19.oddity[]n.strangeness;a strange or unusual person,thing,etc.古怪，怪癖的人或事：I was puzzled by the oddity of her behavior.她行为古怪我感到莫名其妙。
【扩展】同根词：odd adj.古怪的，奇怪的20.leader[]n.an article in a newspaper giving the papers opinion on amatter,rather than reporting information社论21.coercion[]n.the act of making(an unwilling person or group)do something by force,threats,etc.or fact of being made to dosomething by force强迫，威压，高压政治：He paid the money undercoercion.他被迫付了钱。
22.epitomize[]v.be typical of;serve as the typical example of成……的缩影，是……的典型范例：A fascinating part of this tremendoussocietal change is the people who epitomize it.这个巨大的社会变化中的一个迷人的部分，是那些有代表性的人们。
23.distill[]v.to take and separate the most important parts of(abook，a subject，etc.)提炼，吸取……的精华：The notes I made on my travelswere distilled into a book.我对旅游的注释来自于一本书。
24.indigent[]adj.poor,lacking money and goods贫穷的，贫困的：How do you know when someone is indigent?不过，你怎么知道谁是穷人呢？25.equivalent[]n.If one amount or value is the equivalentof another,they are the same对等物，同等物【扩展】同根词：equivalence n.等值，等效26.patrol[]v.to go at regular times round(an area，building，etc.)to see that there is no trouble，that no one is trying to get in or outillegally…巡逻，巡查【扩展】形近词：petrol n.汽油27.tread[]v.to walk along,follow;step踩，踏：tread sth.踩碎28.strut[]v.to walk proudly and stiffly,with the chest pushed forwardsand trying to look important高视阔步，大摇大摆地走：He struts aroundtown like he owns the place.他在城里趾高气扬地走着，好像他拥有着这地方似的。
29.stroll[]v.to walk a short distance slowly or lazily for pleasure漫步，闲逛：After dinner,I strolled around the city.晚饭后，我绕着城溜达了一圈。
30.sidle[]v.to move uncertainly or secretively,as if ready to turn andgo the other way(秘密地或羞怯地)侧身而行：He sidled into the room.他侧身溜进房间。
31.trudge[]v.to walk with heavy steps,slowly and with effort跋涉：Hetrudged20miles through the deep snow.他在深雪之中跋涉了20英里。
32.toddle[]v.to walk with short unsteady steps,as a small child does蹒跚学步，东倒西歪地走：I have to watch him all the time now that he’stoddling.因为他走路不稳，所以我必须时刻观察他。