新世纪8年级上册4个单元英语知识点整理Unit One Modern Technology Lesson One Computers【词形变换】mouse---mice（复数）main --- mainlyelectronic --- electrical --- electricityrelax --- relaxedable --- enableinvent（发明v.）---inventor（发明家）---invention（发明物）【重要短语】type in输入，键入ought（not）to = should（not）应该get/be familiar with 熟悉and so on 等等What’s the use of…? ……的用途是什么？at the age of 在……岁时learn from… 向……学习be worried about = worry about 担心……allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事Would you please + v.原形?stop/prevent/keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事stop to do sth. 停下来做某事pay attention to（介词）注意agree with sb. 同意某人的意见help sb. with sth. = help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事spend…on sth. = spend…(in) doing sth. 花费……做某事keep in touch with 与……保持联系millions of 数百万的use…to do sth. 用…...做某事all/different/many kinds of 各种各样的in brief 简言之neither…nor… 既不……, 也不……be connected to 与……连接在一起be able to 的用法：（可用于各种时态，而can不能）现在：am/is/are (not) able towas/were (not) able towill (not) be able toLesson Two Robots（形）---difference（名）---differently（副）（名）---pleased（形/人）---pleasant（形/物）整理，收拾铺床给某人做手术与……不同be the same as与……对……一无所知高兴地，快乐地；乐意地else常放在不定代词和疑问词的后面）决定做某事练习做某事不但……而且……不再一直不停地做某事害怕某物/做某事be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事在……的帮助下/ 没有……的帮助something 常用于肯定句中，也可用于希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中anything 常用于否定句或疑问句中nothing 常用于否定句中（what）everything上述不定代词都指物，不能和of连用，都是单数。
someone = somebody 常用于肯定句中anyone = anybody 常用于否定或疑问句中no one = nobody 常用于否定句中（who）everyone = everybody上述不定代词都指人，不能和of连用，也都是单数。
none既可指人也可指物，既可用作单数也可用作复数，常和of连用。
（how many）Lesson Three Household Appliances【词形变换】clean --- cleanerapply --- appliance【重要短语】move into/to 搬进/到be made in 在……制造be made of 由……制成（可看出原材料）be made from由……制成（看不出原材料）turn on/off 打开/ 关闭turn up/down 调高/ 调低finish doing sth. 结束做某事What’s that button for? 那个按钮是干什么的？a piece of cake 容易的事情enjoy oneself = have a good time = have fun 玩得愉快by hand 手工；手动It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人……时间in addition 此外；加之enable sb. to do sth. 能使某人做某事at the same time 同时both…and… ……和……都way of life 生活方式语法：感叹句How + adj./adv. + 主语+ 谓语！e.g. How interesting the book is!What + 名词短语+ 主语+ 谓语！e.g. What an interesting book it is!What + a/an + adj. + n.（单数名词）+ 主语+ 谓语！只供学习与交流e.g. What a lovely girl she is!What + adj. + n.（复数名词或不可数名词）+ 主语+ 谓语！e.g. What bad weather it is! What beautiful flowers they are!=======================================Unit Two Culture and CustomsLesson One Visiting a British Family【词形变换】culture --- culturalcustom --- customerpaint --- paintinglove --- lover --- lovelyplease --- pleased --- pleasant --- pleasure【重要短语】try（it）on 试穿shake hands with 和……握手put up 张贴，举起put on 穿上put out 熄灭，扑灭sitting room 起居室be one’s first to do sth. 某人第一次做某事show sb. around sp. 带领某人参观某地for the first time 第一次advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事a group of 一群be busy doing sth. = be busy with sth. 忙于做某事in response to 作为对……的答复；作为对……的反应Chinese painting 国画English-speaking 说英语的learn to do sth. 学习做某事something to drink 一些喝的东西on a study trip 进行一次学习旅行since引导的原因状语从句（主句现在完成时，从句一般过去时）e.g.Lesson Two Eating Out【词形变换】start --- starterwait --- waiter --- waitresssure --- surelynoise --- noisy --- noisilyhard --- hardly【重要短语】eat out 吃完have been to 去过have gone to 去了return to… 返回invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事invite sb. to… 邀请某人去few（否） a few（肯）修饰可数名词复数little（否） a little（肯）修饰不可数名词by the way 顺便问一下need to do sth. 需要做某事ask for… 寻求What do you think of…? = How do you like…?你觉得怎么样？be for 赞成be against 反对on weekdays 在工作日at weekends 在周末be fond of 喜欢such as 例如，诸如……之类first of all = at first 首先in addition 此外what’s more 而且main course 主菜take sb.’s order 记录某人点的菜go Dutch 各人付各人的帐service charge 服务费be true for 对……适用，符合于so…that （中间接形容词或副词原级）----引导的结果状语从句such…that （中间接名词短语）“如此……，以致……”=========================================Unit Three Knowledge of Common InterestLesson One Idioms with Body Parts【词形变换】attention --- attentive --- attentivelymean --- meaning --- meaningful --- meaninglesslisten --- listenerloud --- loudly --- aloud【重要短语】You’ve got a sweet tooth. 你喜欢吃甜食。
I see eye to eye with you. 我与你的看法完全一致。
He’s got a green thumb. 他园艺技能高超。
He’s all ears. 他全神贯注地听。
You’ve just hit the nail on the head.你正好击中要害（一针见血）。
You should stand on your own feet.（You should be independent.）He’s pulling your leg.（He’s kidding.）It will cost an arm and a leg.（It will cost a lot.）I’m all thumbs.（I’m clumsy.）She’s got him under her thumb.（She controls him.）be good at 擅长= do well inwith the help of 在……的帮助下，借助于……teach sb. sth. 教某人某事（宾格）teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事teach oneself = learn…by heart 自学the way to… 去……的路be quiet = keep quiet 保持安静on the other hand 另一方面be careful = look out = take care 小心，当心never mind 没关系，不要紧by heart 靠记忆as soon as引导的时间状语从句（主句将来时，从句一般现在时）e.g.只供学习与交流Lesson Two Exhibitions and Museums【词形变换】exhibit --- exhibitionprice --- pricelessenter --- entranceeconomy --- economicproud --- prideproduce --- product --- production【重要短语】wait for sb. 等待某人It is（has been）+ 一段时间+ since + 句子（一般过去时）“自从……以来，已经有……的时间了。