GRE阅读真题9004SECTION A(短)详细解析想要提升GRE阅读成绩，从真题出发是最好的选择，所以小编为考生分享GRE阅读历年真题9004SECTION A(短)详细解析，希望对考生所有帮助。
Because of its accuracy in outlining the Earth’s subsurface, the seismic-reflection method remains the most important tool in the search for petroleum reserves. In field practice, a subsurface is mapped by arranging a series of wave-train sources, such as small dynamite explosions, in a grid pattern. As each source is activated, it generates a wave train that moves downward at a speed determined uniquely by the rock’s elastic characteristics. As rock interfaces are crossed, the elastic characteristics encountered generally change abruptly, which causes part of the energy to be reflected back to the surface, where it is recorded by seismic instruments. The seismic records must be processed to correct for positional differences between the source and the receiver, for unrelated wave trains, and for multiple reflections from the rock interfaces. Then the data acquired at each of the specific source locations are combined to generate a physical profile of the subsurface, which can eventually be used to select targets for drilling.1.重点词汇1. accuracy ['ækjʊrəsɪ] n. [数] 精确度，准确性2. seismic ['saɪzmɪk] adj. 地震的;因地震而引起的3. outliningn. 列提纲;描绘轮廓;提纲挈领v. 概括(outline的ing形式);画…的轮廓4. petroleum [pɪ'trəʊlɪəm] n. 石油5. dynamite ['daɪnəmaɪt] n. 炸药;具有潜在危险的人(或物)6. elastic [ɪ'læstɪk] n. 松紧带;橡皮圈adj. 有弹性的;灵活的;易伸缩的7. field practice野外实习;现场应用8. grid pattern [计] 网格图形;栅格测试图9. encounter [ɪn'kaʊntə; en-] n. 遭遇，偶然碰见vi. 遭遇;偶然相遇10. targets ['tɑːgɪts] n. 目标;枪靶;投放范围(target的复数)v. 把…作为目标(target 的单三形式)2.文章翻译译文：由于“地震反射法”在勾画地球的地面下部位这方面的准确性，所以该方法一直是探寻石油储存的最重要的工具。
在实地作业中，通过将一系列波列源，诸如小规模炸药爆炸，排列成为网格模式，从而将地面下部位在地图上标绘出来。
随着每一个波列源被触发，它就产生一个波列，该波列便以一特定速度向下移动，而其下移的速度仅仅取决于岩石的弹性特征。
随着岩石的界面被穿越，所遇的弹性特征一般会突然地改变，这便导致一部分能量反射回到地面，于是这部分能量就在地面被地震仪器记录下来。
地震记载必须加以处理，以便纠正波列源与接受器之间的位置差异，纠正无关的波列，以及纠正来岩石界面的多重反射。
然后，在每一个特定波列源位置获取的数据被综合起来，得出一个地面下部位的物理剖面图，而这一剖面图则能最终用来择取目标进行钻探。
3.长难句分析As rock interfaces are crossed, the elastic characteristics encountered generally change abruptly, which causes part of the energy to be reflected back to the surface, where it is recorded by seismic instruments.此句的主句是“the elastic characteristics encountered generally change abruptly”句中包含有一个由as 为连词，引导的状语从句和以where 为关系副词，引导非限制性定语从句。
意思是说，当穿透某一岩石界面时，他所遇到的岩石弹性模量会变化很大，这会使部分能量能回射到地面，从而被地面的地震仪记录下来。
4.考题分析1.The passage is primarily concerned with (这篇文章主要是关于什么的?)(A) describing an important technique (描述一项重要的技术)(B) discussing a new method(讨论一种新的方法)(C) investigating a controversial procedure(调查一项有争议的程序)(D) announcing a significant discovery(宣布一个重大发现)(E) promoting a novel application(提出一种新应用)答案：(A) ，主旨句是第一句the seismic-reflection method remains the most important tool in the search for petroleum reserves. 全文围绕the seismic-reflection是一种重要的工具，tool展开。
首先，可以确定本文属于结论说明型文章，首句即为这篇文章的topic sentence，“地震波反射仍为探测石油资源的最佳工具”。
那么选项A “描述一项重要技术”，与之对应得最好，一般情况，选项中的答案肯定不是原文中的原句形式，而是原句的改写形式，中心意思并没有变化。
(由于此类题和作者的态度有关，所以正确选项中有关态度的描述应该和作者在原文里的态度是完全一致的。
有时，某选项虽然所说的主题词和原文的focus一样，但是如果态度描述不完全符合原文的意思，该选项也是不正确的。
) 而对于选项B，则是与文章所表达的观点截然相反，文章中讨论的地震波反射法是已经应用很久的方法，所以B错误。
而对于C/D/E所表达的观点则是无中生有。
此题考察的题目类型是主旨题难度等级——两颗星2.According to the passage, in the seismic-reflection method all of the following have a significant effect on the signal detected by the seismic instruments EXCEPT the(根据短文，在地震反射法中，哪一项对地震仪器发现震波信号没重大的影响)(A) presence of unrelated wave trains(无关地震波的存在)(B) placement of the seismic instruments(地震仪的安置)(C) number of sources in the grid pattern(格式排列波源的数量)(D) nature of the reflectivity of the rock interfaces(岩石界面能引起反射的特征)(E) properties of rocks through which the wave train has traveled(震波通过岩石的特征)正确选项C，本题是列举题，回归原文，“The seismic records must be processed to correct for positional differences between the source and the receiver, for unrelated wave trains, and for multiple reflections from the rockinterfaces. 地震记载必须加以处理，以便纠正波列源与接受器之间的位置差异，纠正无关的波列，以及纠正来岩石界面的多重反射。
选项A所提及的unrelated wave trains，与原文中所表达的观点相反。
文章说的是要进行纠正。
选项B也和原文相反，地震加载必须要纠正波列源与接受器之间的位置差异。
选项D/E所表述的内容，与原文无关。
此题考察的题目类型是except题难度等级——两颗星3. It can be inferred from the passage that the seismic-reflection method would be likely to yield an inaccurate physical profile of the subsurface in which of the following circumstances? (根据文章推断，以下那种情况，地震反射法可能提供不正确的物理轮廓)(A) If the speed at which the wave train moved downward changed(如果震波穿过岩石时速度变化)(B) If the receiver were not positioned directly at the wave-train source(如果接受者没有准确到达震波源的位置)(C) If the rock on one side of a rock interface had similar elastic characteristics to those of the rock on the other side(如果岩石界面一边的岩石弹性度和另一边的相似)(D) If the seismic records obtained for the different sources in a grid were highly similar to each other(如果来自不同来源所获得的网格地震记录非常相似)(E) If there were no petroleum deposits beneath the area defined by the grid of wave-train sources(如果网格的震波来源鉴定在此区域没有石油)选项A所表达的观点，与原文相反。