cytes.
Innate immunity in vertebrates.
Some of the key players in innate immunity to consider in more detail are:
Complement. Opsonization. Phagocytosis & the oxidative burst. Inflammation.
Mechanical / physical barriers – skin, mucosal surfaces.
Prevention of stasis – peristalsis, flow of urine, upward movement of secretions in bronchial tree, coughing, vomiting.
Innate immunity in vertebrates.
Chemical defences - Low pH of stomach contents, secretion of fatty acids in the skin.
Biological defence – complement, lysozyme, interferons, antimicrobial peptides, kinins, adhesion molecules, hormones, lactoferrin.
The goal of a parasite is to propagate within the host and be transmitted to the next host.
The goal of the parasitised host is to cure or limit the infection.
Objectives and learning outcomes.
By the end of this session students should be: Familiar with fundamental biology of vertebrate
& invertebrate immune systems. Familiar with the concept of innate and acquired
During the next three lectures we will investigate strategies used by parasites to evade the host immune response.
In this session we will revisit the immune system of both vertebrates and invertebrates.
classical complement pathway.
Antigen-antibody complex forms, constant region of antibody changes shape.
Evasion of Immunity I
Vertebrate and invertebrate immune systems.
Dr. Jo Hamilton Parasitology BS
Introduction.
Successful parasites have evolved strategies for survival & development in both invertebrate and vertebrate hosts.
Invertebrates only posses innate immunity.
Innate immunity in vertebrates (also
known as non-specific or natural immunity).
Characteristics: Present from birth. Non-specific - acts on many organisms and
does not show specificity. Does not become more efficient on
subsequent exposure to same organisms.
Innate immunity in vertebrates.
Non-specific Host Defences include:
Immunity.
Resistance to infection is called immunity.
The term “immunity” is derived from the Greek word “immunis” meaning exempt.
There are two types of immunity in vertebrates. – Innate immunity – present from birth. – Acquired immunity – result of infection or vaccination.
immunity in vertebrates. Recognise that there is only innate immunity in
invertebrates. Recognise the key players in both vertebrate and
invertebrate immune systems.
Innate immunity in vertebrates – complement.
Complement. - complex of 17 proteins present in normal serum.
2 pathways – classical & alternative.
Innate immunity in vertebrates –