The concert given by their 们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。
补足语
• -ing form与宾语为主动关系，强调动作正在进行； • pp与宾语为被动关系，强调动作已经完成； • (to) do只单纯表示一个事实，强调动作的全过程。
非谓语动词
语法讲解
非 谓语动词
to do
doing
done
1.谓语动词与非谓语动词：
在句子中担任谓语的动词，叫做谓语动词； 在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等的动 词，叫做非谓语动词。 We should serve the people heart and soul. （谓语） I am reading a novel. （谓语）
Seeing is believing. （主语和表语）
The results obtained are quite satisfactory. （定语） Please stop speaking. （宾语）
非谓语动词使用条件
一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有 连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。
I found him __s_te_a_l_in_g___the money. (steal) I found the money ___s_t_o_le_n_____.
When he came to himself, he found himself
_b_e_in_g__lo_o_k_e_d_a_f_t_e_r by an old lady. ( look after) I often hear Mary __s_i_n_g____this English song.
不定式作 定语
The topics to be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting is concerned about the Olympics 2008 There is nothingt_o__w_o_rr_y__a_b_ou_t.（没有什么可担心的）
He is looking fora__ro_o_m__to__liv_e_i.n（一间可以住的房子）
Admitting what she has said, I still think that she hasn’t tried her best.
(5)表示结果 It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country. It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining our holiday.
She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.
非谓语动词功能比较
to do
主表宾定补状 语语语语语语
-ing form
done
一、现在分词的结构
(6)表示方式或伴随情况 He ran up to her breathing heavily. Please fill in the form, giving your name, address Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the room.
现在分词和过去分词
• 作定语 • 分词短语作定语时，分词短语放在被修饰的名词
之后；单个分词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之 前。相当于定语从句。如：
• The man standing by the windows is our teacher. （standing 和所修饰的man形成主谓关 系） 〓 who is standing by the windows
主动形式
被动形式
一般式
doing
being done
完成式 having done
having been done
否定式 ：在现在分词的前面直接加not
不定式 To do
to be done
非谓语动词作状语
1.To do 2.Doing 3.Done
不定式作状语
1.表目的
I came here to see you. He got up early to catch the train.
(2)表示原因 Being sick, I stayed at home. She caught cold sitting on the grass. (3)表示条件 Adopting this method, we will raise the average yield（产量） by 40 percent. Even if invited, I won’t go. (4)表示让步
enough…to, too…to, only to, etc.
-ing 与 done 作状语 现在分词(短语)与过去分词(短语)作状语, 表示时 间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况 等。
(1)表示时间
• When leaving the airport, they waved again and again to us. • United, we stand; divided, we fall. • (=When / If we are united …) • Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. •Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a ma gnificent view.
in order to , so as to ,
2.表原因
We were very excited to hear the news.
3.表结果
This room is big enough to hold us.
He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.