臺北市立成功高中 陳國泰英語短篇故事閱讀與創意寫作English Short Stories And Creative Writing一教學分享一、課程理念或緣起「英語短篇故事閱讀與創意寫作」課程設計為挑選不同類型的經典和適合中學生閱讀的短篇故事，輔以閱讀策略教學，訓練學生英文閱讀理解力和分析文本的能力，並教導學生將所閱讀的文本藉由討論重新組織重點，接著應用於創作的寫作中。
整學期的課程基本上分成三大主軸，分別是：（1）童話故事的演進（The Evolution of a Folktale）（2）王爾德的童話故事 (Oscar Wilde，s Fairytale)（3）恐怖與犯罪故事（Horror Stories and Crime Stories）每個大單元結合適當議題，讓學生在課程中參與學習單問題討論以及表達意見，藉以培養學生的表達力和批判思考力。
此外，學生在每一大單元必須分組合作完成創意故事的產出。
例如，在「童話故事的演進」中，學生會閱讀四種版本的小紅帽的故事，接著以所學到的故事元素去比較四個版本的異同，最後以小組共同創作的方式，寫出自己的版本。
學生在這個作業中，可以利用改變結局或增加角色的方式產出有創意的故事版本。
而在王爾德的童話故事中，學生將閱讀四個圍繞著愛與犧牲相關主題的短篇故事，利用故事山（Story Mountain）的方式分析文本中角色的性格和劇情鋪成，並在這個單元的最後，根據一個無對白的動畫創作出一個愛情故事。
在恐怖犯罪故事單元，學生將閱讀美國恐怖短篇故事大師Edgar Allan Poe的作品如The Black Cat和The Tell-Tale Heart，以及Sir Arthur Conan Doyle，s 的Silver Blaze和The Hound of the Baskervilles，在這單元學生將探討恐怖的元素和偵探故事的分類，最後利用桌遊卡創作出自己的犯罪故事。
二、課程目標（一）透過閱讀英文短篇故事訓練學生熟悉閱讀策略。
（二）能夠閱讀不同題材文體的英文短篇故事。
（三）建構學生對英語文結構和字彙的認識，並養成進階閱讀能力。
（四）養成批判思考力並且懂得提問技巧。
（五）透過閱讀訓練創意寫作能力。
三、上課方式班上學生以協同學習分組方式上課，一組人數三至四人。
每節上課必須參與課堂討論、完成閱讀活動和學習單。
學期間有三次分量較重的創意寫作報告，以小組分工方式在課堂完成。
二課程計畫1.故事書創作：Fisherman and His Soul在介紹完王爾德的三則短篇故事後The Selfish Giant、Happy Prince、Nightingale a n d R o s e，學生要進入較長篇的故事Fishman and His Soul。
由於這個故事較長且複雜，因此讓學生在這個階段可以先藉由觀賞短片並創作故事來作為預測即將要閱讀的故事練習。
以下為活動步驟：(1)向學生說明觀看動畫時必須記錄重點或有疑問的部分以進行小組討論。
(2)播放一部八分鐘無聲的動畫T h eFisherman and His Soul。
(3) 學生分配工作（每組三至四人），工作項目包括繪圖，編劇和最後完稿校閱。
(4)學生分組完成八頁的小故事書，需有封面設計和故事標題，封底為人員名單和工作分配。
內頁則需有清楚的故事描述和插圖，版面就如同繪本一般。
(5) 故事書完成後由老師拍照，並在隔週投影，由每組的學生負責講述故事。
(6)討論每一組的故事差異，並開始閱讀王爾德的文本。
2.小組報告：Fixing the Fairy Tales 完成兩個關於童話故事的大單元後，學生已學習到如何和文本互動並提出自己的看法，因此在這一階段每一組學生要試著自行閱讀故事，提出問題和修正的方式。
活動進行步驟如下：(1)每組派代表抽籤選擇要報告的故事，例如The Little Match Girl, Rapunzel, Cinderella 等。
(2)每組皆有一臺平板，學生必須上網找到完整的版本，再次將該故事完整閱讀完。
(3)小組分配工作，工作項目包括寫摘要，提出問題，提出解決問題的方案，和投影片排版與製作。
(4)學生須以簡短且不超過一張投影片頁面的方式摘要負責報告的故事。
(5)學生須就所負責的故事中找出至少三個不合邏輯之處，並提出相對應修改故事的方法。
(6)小組上台報告，每個學生都應該有自己負責的頁面，且皆需開口報告。
三活動範圍說明四學習單The Evolution of a Folktale: Little Red Riding HoodH ow can a fairy tale be interesting enough to attract readers? What do youexpect to see in a fairy tale?I n a fairy tale, in what way are the roles often described as? Give someexamples.I f you have to change the roles or story of Little Red Riding Hood, what will youdo? Explain your reasons.Further Discussion on Little Red Riding Hood（主動）and maturation（成熟）?P lease discuss the cannibal meal in the story. Why is the grandmother eatenall the time?W hat are the illogical parts of the stories? Please give examples.Stories by Oscar WildeBefore reading the stories :1. I n the stories you read before, what did you usually learn from them? Give examples.2.H ow would you de fine “kindness,＂“generosity ＂ and “sel fishness?＂Give examples.3. What is the most impressive love story to you? Explain the appealing parts to you.Stories by Oscar WildeThe Selfish GiantQ1 :What do the words “allow ＂and “prosecute ＂imply? What kind of relationship does the Giant have with the children?Q2 :Identify at least three examples of “personification （擬人）＂and at least twoexamples of “simile （明喻）＂and “metaphors （暗喻）＂Q3 :Who is the child? How do you know? Why are the wounds on his palms called “wounds of Love?＂Q4:Can you find a moral to the story? What is it?Compare the beginning of the two stories“The Selfish Giant＂and“The Happy Prince.＂Are there any similarities and differences? Discuss about the similar setting and different elements.Try to describe the following characters in a few words.In The Selfish Giant, what makes the giant change? In The Happy Prince, what makes the swallow help the Prince?The Fisherman and His SoulQ1:What did the three people say to the fisherman when he told them his wish?(1)The Priest:(2)The Merchants:(3)The Witch:Q2:What did the Soul want from the Fisherman when he tried to cut the Soul away off him?Q3:The first time the Soul and the Fisherman met, what did the Soul tell him?Q4:The second time the Soul and the Fisherman met, what did the Soul offer him?Q5:The third time the Soul and the Fisherman met, the fisherman finally landed ashore and left with the Soul. Why?Q6:When the Soul and the Fisherman were in the city, what did they do?Q7:What is the ending of the story?Q8:Do you find any values that are different from what you held before? What are they?Q9:Do you like the story? Is it suitable for a kid to read? Why or why not?Q10:After reading all Oscar Wilde，s stories, how will you define true love now?Crime StoriesWhat is special in a crime story?Pattern 1—Readers want to find the answer to it while reading the story.The character of the is a vital element as well.Pattern 2—Readers know about the crime and the story develops with the attempts ofThe story is often told through an _________________ third-person perspective11英語短篇故事閱讀與創意寫作Pattern 3—The characters of the and the good guy are the most importantelementsA storyline includes many clever methods both sides use in this The classic example of this type of story certainly are the “Sherlock Holmes ＂stories bySir Arthur Conan Doyle.Sherlock Holmes always beats his opponents (murderers, thieves...) by revealing all the answers to the questions of the case, because he simply is cleverer than they are. Common Formulaic Elements: (and weapon / means / motives)(insider-outsider)(he / she / agency uncovering the crime)methods of solution (clues, witnesses, interrogation, logic or some “means of reliable knowledge ＂; even supernatural manifestations)false clues and Who are the target audience? : escape from their everyday world.: be more intrigued by the idea that sensational crimes could take place in homes much like their own.12英語短篇故事閱讀與創意寫作。