Consolidation 4: Book 1 Unit 4 Earthquakes一、重点单词：1. burst v.&n.（burst,burst）爆裂, 爆发, 突然破裂burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑burst into tears = burst out crying 突然大哭2. ruin v.&n. 毁灭，使破产，遗迹，废墟（名词时常用复数）be in ruins 呈一片废墟, fall into ruin 变成废墟3. rescue n.&vt. 援救，营救4. judge n.&v.法官，鉴赏家，裁判，判断(from/by)，估计, Don’t judge a man by his looks. 不要以貌取人。
5. bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；使沉浸于bury oneself in =be buried in 埋头于；专心于6. frighten vt. 使惊吓frightening adj.令人恐惧的, frightened adj.自己受惊的a frightening story, a frightened look词语辨析(详见世纪金榜)：1. congratulate / celebrate2. destroy / ruin / damage / harm3. rise / raise / lift4. hurt / injure / wound二、重点词组：1. right away 立刻，马上- 近义词组：right away，right now，at once，immediately，in no time2. at an end 结束at the end of 在末尾，by the end of 到…末为止(完成时态) in the end 最后，make ends meet 收支相抵3.instead of 代替，而不辨析：instead/instead of/in place of/take the place of/take placeinstead 是副词，单独使用，用于句首或句末作状语，意为“而是，相反”。
instead of 是复合介词，后接名词、代词、或动名词，意为“代替、而不……”。
take the place of= (replace)作谓语，“代替”，take place （按计划）发生4. think of 认为；考虑, think twice 再三考虑, think little/nothing of轻视，think much/highly of重视；评价高think about考虑；回想，think sth. over仔细想；进一步考虑, think sth. up想出，发明，think sth. out想出，全面考虑5. the number of意为“……的数量、数目”，作主语时谓语动词用单数；a number of意为“一些，很多”，相当于many, 后接可数名词复数，当它作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
The number of competitors is limited. A number of problems have arisen.a large /great/good number of；a great/good many;a good few/quite a few+可数名词复数，意为“大量的”；谓语为复数a great/good deal; a great/ large amount of; quite a little+ 不可数名词，意为“大量的”；谓语为单数a lot of/lots of; a great /large quantity of; large quantities of/ plenty of +可数名词复数/不可数名词均可，意为“大量的”。
谓语单复数看情况而定。
三、重点句子：1. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. 动词现在分词表伴随（非谓语动词用法之一）They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky. 动词现在分词作伴随状语Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly. 动词现在分词作伴随状语His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 现在分词短语作结果状语。
Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. 现在分词短语作原因状语（When/While）Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 现在分词短语作时间状语2. All hope was not lost. 并不是所有的希望都破灭了。
（部分否定）All the students do not know how to deal with the problem. = Not all the students know how to deal with the problem.并非所有的学生都知道如何解决个问题。
Everyone doesn’t like the story. = Not everyone likes the story. 并非每个人都喜欢这个故事。
Both of the students don’t like the story. 并非这两个学生这个故事。
表示“全体”意义的代词、副词或形容“all, both, every, everybody, always”等和否定副词not连用时表部分否定,而“none, neither, nobody, nothing”等表完全否定。
Nobody likes the story. 没人喜欢这个故事。
Neither of the students likes the story. 这两个学生都不喜欢这个故事。
3. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.“too ... to”结构，在大多数情况下表示否定意义，通常可意为“太……而不能……;太……无法……”。
“too ...to”结构之前如果带有but, only, all, never, not时，或者结构中带有表示某种心情或描绘性的形容词或副词，如ready，eager, satisfied, kind, willing, easy, anxious等加动词不定式,则不表否定，意为“非常…，十分…，实在…，真是太…”等。
I am but too glad to do so. 我非常喜欢这样做。
He was too anxious to do this job. 他非常想做这件工作。
4. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. （lie, lie, lay 各种形式复习巩固）四、重点语法：定语从句（语法详解见世纪金榜）课文定语从句节选：1. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.2. It was felt in Beijing, which is more than 200 kilometres away.3. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.4. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.五、巩固训练：I. 单词拼写：1. He’s travelled to the ________ of Western Europe. (nation)2. We are talking about _________ and international issues. (nation)3. ___________ children were calling for their mothers.. (frighten)4. The child was f_____________ to death by the violent thunderstorm.5. It is even _________ to think of the horrors of nuclear war. (恐怖的)6. We ________ huge losses in the financial crisis. (遭受)7. There is so much s__________ in this world. (苦难)8. The soldier was w______ in the arm in the war. (受伤)9. She was i_______ slightly in an accident during the work. (受伤)10. I was very much h_______ at his words. (受伤)11. J__________ from(by )his appearance, he must be a rich man.12. The firemen r five children from the burning house yesterday.13. The houses were d____________ by an earthquake.14. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were t_________ under the ruins.15. Without _________(电), modern life would be very different.16. Nobody likes to share his room with Gerard. He has s_________ feet.17. That boy was really lucky. After being caught in his car for 60 hours he was r_________.18. That night the high fence gave us some ________(掩蔽，避难) from the sandstorm, or we wouldn’t have been back here.19. Many men were b___________ underground when there was an accident at the mine.20. As a result of the accident, the e＿＿＿＿＿has to be cut off.21. They began the r____________ work at once, as soon as the earthquake happened.22. It is u____________ to argue with him, he is too stubborn.23. There were dozens of people i____________ in the fire, and they were sent to hospital immediately.24. Earthquake is the most terrible d____________ in the world.25. How many j____________ have been invited to the competition?II. 单项选择：1.The famous basketball star,_______ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.A. whereB. whenC. whichD. who2.She heard a terrible noise, _________ brought her heart into her mouth.A. itB. whichC. thisD. that3.York,______ I visited last year, is a nice old city.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. in which4.The English play ________my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success,A. for whichB. at whichC. in whichD. on which5.Is this factory _________ you visited last Sunday?A. the oneB. whichC. thatD. where6.They ask about the things and teachers ______ they still remembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. that and who7.I will always remember those days ______ I spent with him sailing on the sea.A. on thatB. on whichC. whenD. which8.His English, ______ used to be very poor, is now excellent.A. thatB. whichC. itD. whom9.George Orwell, ______ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.A. the real nameB. what his real nameC. his real nameD. whose real name10.__________ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What11. How many English words have you learned ____________ last term?A. by the end ofB. in the endC. at the end ofD. by the end12. Tractors (拖拉机)_____________ horses in many places.A. in place ofB. have taken the place ofC. insteadD. instead of13. During the past two years, the number of automobile accidents in New York City decreased.(2010·11·山东烟台月考)A. haveB. wereC. wasD. has14. Every time he thought of his past, he couldn’t help bursting . (2010·济南一模)A. when; out tearsB. that; into cryingC. which; into tearsD. /; out crying15. The National Day and the International Labour Day are great in our country.(2010·河南镇平二轮)A. thingsB. incidentsC. accidentsD. events16. How many are going to be held in this Summer Olympic Games?(2010·江苏启东一轮)A. accidentsB. incidentsC. eventsD. sports17. Can you a way of solving the problem? （原创）A. discoverB. invent upC. think upD. invent18. We will go there on foot by bus. What about you? (2010·11·福建福州月考)A. insteadB. instead ofC. withoutD. but19. —He seems tired to do it. —But I am only glad to do it.(2010·江苏常州一轮)A. very; tooB. extremely; tooC. too; tooD. very; very20. When the audience heard the funny story, they _____ laughter.A. excitedB. burst intoC. explodedD. broke into21. As soon as she saw her mother, she _____ crying.A. burst intoB. broke outC. burst outD. broke in22. He opened his mouth _____ he would say something.A. even ifB. even thoughC. as ifD. if23. The war was finally _______.A. in the endB. at an endC. with the endD. by end24. _______ the end of next year we will have finished our middle school.A. InB. AtC. ThoughD. By25. Years of fighting left the village in ______.A. destroyB. damageC. ruinsD. ruin26. The ____ people in the accident were given first aid at once.A. injuredB. damagedC. woundedD. hurt27. Yesterday he had an accident and his car was _____. It needs repairing.A. damagedB. burntC. destroyedD. ruined28. The water has ______ my new book. I will have to throw it away.A. damagedB. hurtC. destroyedD. failed29. I was ______ to hear that he had resigned.A. shockingB. shockinglyC. shockedD. shock30. Is there anyone in your class _____ family is in the city?A. whoB. who’sC. whichD. whose31. ______ of the teachers agreed with what the headmaster said. Some of them are against him.A. NoneB. NeitherC. AllD. Not all32. In the evenings he ______ his books.A. buried himself inB. buried inC. was buried withD. was burying in33. The number of the students in our school _______ about 30000 and _______ them study hard.A. is; a large amount ofB. are; a number ofC. is; large amount ofD. is; a large number of34. The ______ boy never dares to see the ______ film again.A. frightened; frighteningB. frightening; frightenedC. frightened; frightenedD. frightening; frightening35. ______from the number of cars, there were not many people at the club yet.A. To judgeB. JudgedC. JudgingD. Having judged36. Seventy percent of the students _____ taken part in the work and seventy percent of the work _____been finished.A. has, hasB. had , hadC. has, haveD. have, has37. Having done three experiments without rest, they were _____ tired to go on with _____ one..A. too; a fourthB. very; the fourthC. so; a fourthD. quite; the fourth38. The student can’t use English to _____ himself.A. showB. giveC. expressD. explain39. Do you know the man _____ ?A. who I spokeB. to who spokeC. I spoke toD. that I spoke40. Don’t worry about anything ______ y ou cannot change.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. thoseIII.将下列句子改写成定语从句1. Have you found the bike? You are looking for the bike.2.The book is very interesting. I bought the book yesterday.3.I saw some trees. Their leaves were black with disease.4. The girl is our monitor. She is playing the piano over there.IV.写作提高: 阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。