园林术语中英文对照园林设计术语1.主入口大门/岗亭(车行 & 人行)MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )2.次入口/岗亭(车行 & 人行 )2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )3.商业中心入口ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR.4.水景WATER FEATURE5.小型露天剧场MINI AMPHI-THEATRE6.迎宾景观-1WELCOMING FEATURE-17.观景木台TIMBER DECK (VIEWING)8.竹园BAMBOO GARDEN9.漫步广场WALKWAY PLAZA10.露天咖啡廊OUT DOOR CAFE11.巨大迎宾水景-2GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-212.木桥TIMBER BRIDGE13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台ROCK'SCAPE / WATERFALL'S / GROTTO / VIEWING TERRACE14.吊桥HANGING BRIDGE15.休憩台地(低处)LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER )16.休憩台地(高处)LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER )17.特色踏步FEATURE STEPPING STONE18.野趣小溪RIVER WILD19.儿童乐园CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND20.旱冰道SLIDE21.羽毛球场BADMINTON COURT22.旱景DRY LANDSCAPE23.日艺园JAPANESE GARDEN24.旱喷泉DRY FOUNTAIN25.观景台VIEWING DECK26.游泳池SWIMMING POOL27.极可意JACUZZI28.嬉水池WADING POOL29.儿童泳池CHILDREN'S POOL30.蜿蜒水墙WINDING WALL31.石景雕塑ROCK SCULPTURE32.中心广场CENTRAL PLAZA33.健身广场EXERCISE PLAZA34.桥BRIDGE35.交流广场MEDITATING PLAZA36.趣味树阵TREE BATTLE FORMATION37.停车场PARING AREA38.特色花架TRELLIS39.雕塑小道SCULPTURE TRAIL40.(高尔夫)轻击区PUTTING GREEN41.高尔夫球会所GOLF CLUBHOUSE42.每栋建筑入口ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNIT43.篮球场BASKETBALL COURT44.网球场TENNIS COURT45.阶梯坐台/种植槽TERRACING SEATWALL / PLANTER46.广场MAIN PLAZA47.森林、瀑布FOREST GARDEN / WATERFALL48.石景园ROCKERY GARDEN49.旱溪DRY STREAM50.凉亭PAVILION51.户外淋浴OUTDOOR SHOWER52.拉膜结构TENSILE STRUCTURE53.台阶STAIR54.高尔夫球车停车场PARKING ( GOLF CAR )55.健身站EXERCISE STATION56.晨跑小路JOGGING FOOTPATH57.车道/人行道DRIVEWAY / SIDEWALK58.人行漫步道PROMENADE59.瀑布及跳舞喷泉(入口广场)WATERFALL AND DANCING FOUNTAIN ( ENTRY PLAZA )60.特色入口ENTRY FEATURE61.石景广场ROCKERY PLAZA园林建筑术语中国古典园林-------------------- classical Chinese garden中国传统园林-------------------- traditional Chinese garden中国古代园林-------------------- ancient Chinese garden中国山水园---------------------- Chinese mountain and water garden帝王宫苑------------------------ imperial palace garden皇家园林------------------------ royal garden私家园林------------------------ private garden江南园林------------------------ garden on the Yangtze Delta西方古典园林-------------------- western classical garden英国式园林---------------------- English style garden中英混合式园林------------------ Anglo-Chinese style garden意大利式园林-------------------- Italian style garden西班牙式园林-------------------- Spainish style garden法兰西式园林-------------------- French style garden勒诺特尔式园林------------------ Le Notre's style garden文艺复兴庄园-------------------- Renaissance style garden洛可可式园林-------------------- Rococo style garden巴洛克式园林-------------------- Baroque style garden庄园---------------------------- manor,villa garden廊柱园-------------------------- peristyle garden,patio绿廊---------------------------- xystus迷阵---------------------------- maze,labyrinth灵囿---------------------------- Ling You Hunting Garden 周代术语灵沼---------------------------- Ling Zhao Water Garden 周代术语灵台---------------------------- Ling Tai Platform Garden 周代术语阿房宫-------------------------- E-Pang Palace 秦代术语上林苑-------------------------- Shang-Lin Yuan 汉代术语未央宫-------------------------- Wei-Yang Palace 汉代术语洛阳宫-------------------------- Luoyang Palace 魏代术语华清宫-------------------------- Hua-Qing Palace 唐代术语艮岳---------------------------- Gen Yue Imperial Garden 宋代术语圆明园-------------------------- Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden颐和园-------------------------- Yi-HE Yuan Imperial Garden承德避暑山庄-------------------- Chengde Imperial Summer Resort苏州园林------------------------ Suzhou traditional garden悬园---------------------------- Hanging Garden 又称“悬空园”，“架高园”。

英国皇家植物园------------------ Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden 又称“邱园”。

凡尔赛宫苑---------------------- Versailles Palace Park枫丹白露宫园-------------------- Fontainebleau Palace Garden景------------------------------ view,scenery,feature远景---------------------------- distant view近景---------------------------- nearby view障景---------------------------- obstructive scenery, blocking view 又称“抑景”。

借景---------------------------- borrowed scenery,view borrowing对景---------------------------- oppositive scenery,view in opposite place缩景---------------------------- miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery漏景---------------------------- leaking through scenery框景---------------------------- enframed scenery尾景---------------------------- terminal feature主景---------------------------- main feature副景---------------------------- secondary feature配景---------------------------- objective view夹景---------------------------- vista line,vista 又称“风景线”前景---------------------------- front view背景---------------------------- background景序---------------------------- order of sceneries景点---------------------------- feature spot,view spot园林空间------------------------ garden space开敞空间------------------------ wide open space,wide space封闭空间------------------------ encloseure space意境---------------------------- artistic conception,poetic imagery苍古---------------------------- antiquity空灵---------------------------- spaciousness,airiness动观---------------------------- in-motion viewing静观---------------------------- in-position viewing轴线---------------------------- axis,axial line主轴---------------------------- main axis副轴---------------------------- auxiliary axis暗轴---------------------------- hidden axis,invisible axis 又称“隐轴AAccessibility ------------------------------------------- 可达性Accessible route ---------------------------------------- 易达的路线advance notice ------------------------------------------ 事先通知aerial photogrammetry ----------------------------------- 航空摄影测量aerobic digesters --------------------------------------- 需氧消化池aesthetic / structural considerations ------------------- 审美方面的考虑aesthetic controls -------------------------------------- 审美控制aggregate base ------------------------------------------ 混合基础AIA ----------------------------------------------------- 美国建筑师协会Anaerobic digesters ------------------------------------- 厌氧分解池annual rate --------------------------------------------- 年度比率APA ----------------------------------------------------- 美国规划师协会appropriateness of a given site for --------------------- 某个特定场地的适宜性arterial streets ---------------------------------------- 主干道as-built records ---------------------------------------- 施工记录ASLA ---------------------------------------------------- 美国景观设计师协会athletic facility --------------------------------------- 运动设施atmosphere and character -------------------------------- 气氛和特征average walking distance -------------------------------- 平均步行距离axioms -------------------------------------------------- 原理BBackfill ------------------------------------------------ 回填backhoe ------------------------------------------------- 挖沟机bar charts ---------------------------------------------- 横道图barrier design ------------------------------------------ 障碍设计basic components ---------------------------------------- 基本内容beams --------------------------------------------------- 大梁bearing capacity ---------------------------------------- 承载力benchmarks ---------------------------------------------- 水准点billing ------------------------------------------------- 帐簿biodiversity -------------------------------------------- 生物多样性bioengineering ------------------------------------------ 生物工程biomass ------------------------------------------------- 生物量bioretention ponds -------------------------------------- 生物滞留池boardwalks ---------------------------------------------- 栈桥bonding company ----------------------------------------- 担保公司bonuses ------------------------------------------------- 奖金boundary definition ------------------------------------- 边界确定boundary survey ----------------------------------------- 边界测量brick and concrete block walls -------------------------- 砖和混凝土砌块墙brownfields --------------------------------------------- 褐色土地bulldozers ---------------------------------------------- 推土机business development ------------------------------------ 商业开发business parks ------------------------------------------ 商业园区Ccadastral survey ---------------------------------------- 地籍测量camping ------------------------------------------------- 野营candlepower --------------------------------------------- 烛光度cantilevered wall --------------------------------------- 悬臂墙cascading waterfalls ------------------------------------ 瀑布叠水certificates of payment --------------------------------- 付款证明书certifications of compliance ---------------------------- 应允证明书cesspools ----------------------------------------------- 化粪池，污水坑，污水渗井，粪坑change orders ------------------------------------------- 变更单changes, unauthorized ----------------------------------- 未经同意的变更channels, stormwater ------------------------------------ 雨水沟渠，槽，渠道circulation control ------------------------------------- 循环控制circulation patterns ------------------------------------ 环流模式clay lenses --------------------------------------------- 粘土防渗层clay soil ----------------------------------------------- 粘土clean-up ------------------------------------------------ 清扫，清理，清除，提纯，净化clean-up and final inspection ----------------------------清理和检查clearing and grubbing ----------------------------------- 清理和除根client -------------------------------------------------- 业主climate zones ------------------------------------------- 气候带closeout ------------------------------------------------ 竣工cluster treatment systems ------------------------------- 集中式污水处理系统co-ordinates -------------------------------------------- 坐标cold ---------------------------------------------------- 寒带collected rainwater ------------------------------------- 收集起来的雨水collector streets --------------------------------------- 次干道colloidal soil ------------------------------------------ 胶质土壤commercial center design -------------------------------- 商业中心设计communication ------------------------------------------- 电信community commercial ------------------------------------ 社区商业community facility standards ---------------------------- 社区设施标准community parks and recreation planning data ------------ 社区公园和文娱体育规划资料community scale ----------------------------------------- 社区尺度community standards ------------------------------------- 社区标准compaction ---------------------------------------------- 压实competition pools --------------------------------------- 竞赛用游泳池components ---------------------------------------------- 组分，内容composting toilets -------------------------------------- 堆肥厕所conceptualization --------------------------------------- 概念化concrete crib wall -------------------------------------- 混凝土格笼墙cones of vision ----------------------------------------- 视锥connected imperviousness -------------------------------- 连续的非渗透地面conservation standards ---------------------------------- 保护标准considerations in use of -------------------------------- 用途方面的考虑constructed wetlands ------------------------------------ 人工湿地construction -------------------------------------------- 施工construction document ----------------------------------- 施工文件construction layout ------------------------------------- 施工布局construction observation -------------------------------- 施工监理construction permits ------------------------------------ 施工许可construction sequence ----------------------------------- 施工顺序construction survey ------------------------------------- 施工测量container plants ---------------------------------------- 盆栽植物contingencies ------------------------------------------- 临时费contingency allowance ----------------------------------- 临时津贴contract ------------------------------------------------ 合同unauthorized changes ------------------------------------ 未经同意的变更contract documents -------------------------------------- 合同文件control points ------------------------------------------ 控制点conveyance techniques, stormwater ----------------------- 雨水的输送技术corrective observation ---------------------------------- 校正性（补救性，修正性）检查（监理）corridors ---------------------------------------------- 廊道cost data ----------------------------------------------- 造价数据cost estimate components -------------------------------- 造价估算内容cost estimating ----------------------------------------- 造价估算cost plus ----------------------------------------------- 造价累计cost plus fixed ----------------------------------------- 固定费用之和court --------------------------------------------------- 运动场地court games --------------------------------------------- 场地运动court surface ------------------------------------------- 运动场地地面CPM ----------------------------------------------------- 关键路径法Critical Path Method. See CPM --------------------------- 关键路径法，见CPMCSI ----------------------------------------------------- 施工规范原理culverts ------------------------------------------------ 涵洞，暗沟，管道cut operations ------------------------------------------ 挖方工程DDatum --------------------------------------------------- 数据decking ------------------------------------------------- 平台面，铺板decks --------------------------------------------------- 平台，甲板decks, function of -------------------------------------- 平台的功能deferred maintenance ------------------------------------ 延期维修（维护）demolition, general ------------------------------------- 整体破坏demolition ,selective ----------------------------------- 选择性破坏density ------------------------------------------------- 密度depth --------------------------------------------------- 深度design development -------------------------------------- 设计扩初，设计深化design framework ---------------------------------------- 设计框架design impacts ------------------------------------------ 设计影响design quality ------------------------------------------ 设计质量design requirements ------------------------------------- 设计要求design speed -------------------------------------------- 设计速度detail scale -------------------------------------------- 细部尺度detention ponds ----------------------------------------- 滞留池development --------------------------------------------- 开发development feasibility planning ------------------------ 开发的可行性规划development programming --------------------------------- 开发计划development types, industrial and business -------------- 开发类型，工业和商业dimensional Criteria ------------------------------------ 标注标准dimensions ---------------------------------------------- 标注dimension of human figures ------------------------------ 人体尺度direct labor -------------------------------------------- 直接人工费disconnected imperviousness ----------------------------- 不连续的非渗透地面display pumps ------------------------------------------- 喷灌泵disposal ------------------------------------------------ 处理，处置，排除，清除drip system, low-volume --------------------------------- 耗水量低的滴灌系统DL. See direct labor DL. -------------------------------- 见直接人工费drainage ------------------------------------------------ 排水，流域面积，排洪，排水系统drinking water ------------------------------------------ 饮用水dry detention ponds ------------------------------------- 干滞池durability ---------------------------------------------- 耐久性EEames, Charles and Ray ---------------------------------- 查理•埃姆斯和雷earthwork ----------------------------------------------- 土方ecological impact --------------------------------------- 生态影响economic impact ----------------------------------------- 经济影响edge habitat -------------------------------------------- 边缘栖息地edge restraint ------------------------------------------ 边缘限制electrical lines ---------------------------------------- 电力线embodied energy ----------------------------------------- 蕴藏能量endwalls ------------------------------------------------ 尾墙energy -------------------------------------------------- 能量embodied. See embodied energy --------------------------- 具体化的，见蕴藏能量，具体能量energy costs -------------------------------------------- 能量造价environmental impact analysis --------------------------- 环境影响分析environmental impact statement (EIS) -------------------- 环境影响报告书（EIS）environmental modification ------------------------------ 环境修复equipment costs ----------------------------------------- 设备费equipment crew costs ------------------------------------ 设备人工费equivalents --------------------------------------------- 相等物，等同物estimating ---------------------------------------------- 估算estimating water flows ---------------------------------- 估算水流量estimating design load ---------------------------------- 估算设计荷载evaluation ---------------------------------------------- 评价evaporation --------------------------------------------- 蒸发evapotranspiration rate --------------------------------- 土壤水分蒸发蒸腾损失总量速率exotic plant species ------------------------------------ 外来植物物种eye levels ---------------------------------------------- 视平线Ffabric reinforcement ------------------------------------ 纤维加固，织物加强件facilities planning data -------------------------------- 设施规划数据feasibility planning ------------------------------------ 可行性规划federal regulations ------------------------------------- 联邦规范flood protection ---------------------------------------- 防洪fee ----------------------------------------------------- 费用fences and walls ---------------------------------------- 栅栏和围墙fences, wood and metal ---------------------------------- 栅栏，木栅栏和金属栅栏field --------------------------------------------------- 运动场field orders -------------------------------------------- 现场通知单field sports -------------------------------------------- 田径运动field surfaces ------------------------------------------ 田径运动场地面field surveys ------------------------------------------- 现场测量fill operations ------------------------------------------填方工程fill, general ------------------------------------------- 一般性填方filter strips ------------------------------------------- 滤器，滤池，过滤，滤水filtration ---------------------------------------------- 过滤filtration systems -------------------------------------- 过滤系统finish grading ------------------------------------------ 设计标高flexible pavement --------------------------------------- 柔性地面铺装follow ups ---------------------------------------------- 连续footage ------------------------------------------------- 尺长footcandle ---------------------------------------------- 英尺烛光footing drains ------------------------------------------ 基座处排水，立足点排水footings ------------------------------------------------ 立足点forward spatial bubblesfoundations --------------------------------------------- 基础fragmentation ------------------------------------------- 破碎framing method ------------------------------------------ 结构方法freeboard------------------------------------------------ 干舷Freeway or Distributor Systems -------------------------- 高速路或分配者系统French drains ------------------------------------------- 法式排水friction coefficient ------------------------------------ 摩擦系数frost depth --------------------------------------------- 结冻深度，冰冻深度frost-thaw cycle ---------------------------------------- 结冻-融化周期functional requirement ---------------------------------- 功能要求Ggarden pool --------------------------------------------- 花园游泳池general conditions -------------------------------------- 一般情况general contractor -------------------------------------- 总承包商general demolition -------------------------------------- 整体破坏general fill -------------------------------------------- 总填方general requirements ------------------------------------ 一般要求general requirements costs ------------------------------ 一般要求的费用general roadway standards ------------------------------- 一般道路标准geodetic survey ----------------------------------------- 测地学测量GIS ----------------------------------------------------- 地理信息系统golf and driving ranges --------------------------------- 高尔夫和高尔夫练习场grading ------------------------------------------------- 场地平整granular soiL ------------------------------------------- 粒状土壤gravity wall -------------------------------------------- 重力墙graywater ----------------------------------------------- 灰水greenfields --------------------------------------------- 绿色用地，绿色土地ground covers ------------------------------------------- 地被植物groundwater protection ---------------------------------- 地下水保护groundwater recharge ------------------------------------ 地下水补给groundwater resources ----------------------------------- 地下水资源，地下水储量growing season------------------------------------------- 生长期guarantees ---------------------------------------------- 抵押物Hhand level ---------------------------------------------- 手动水平仪handrailings -------------------------------------------- 扶手hardware ------------------------------------------------ 五金件hazardous plants ---------------------------------------- 有毒植物headwalls ----------------------------------------------- 头墙head selection and layout ------------------------------- 喷头选择和布置heavy duty ---------------------------------------------- 重型的，责任重大的herbaceous plants --------------------------------------- 草本植物highway ------------------------------------------------- 高速公路historic preservation ----------------------------------- 历史保留horizontal alignment ------------------------------------ 平面设计hot arid ------------------------------------------------ 炎热干燥hot humid ----------------------------------------------- 炎热潮湿hydrographic survey ------------------------------------- 水文测量hydrologic cycle ---------------------------------------- 水文周期IIlluminance --------------------------------------------- 亮度impervious surface ratio -------------------------------- 不渗透地面比例industrial development ---------------------------------- 工业开发industrial parks ---------------------------------------- 工业园区infiltration beds --------------------------------------- 渗透床infiltration ponds -------------------------------------- 渗透池infiltration wells -------------------------------------- 渗透井infiltration, stormwater -------------------------------- 雨水渗透inspection ---------------------------------------------- 检查installation -------------------------------------------- 安装Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) ----------------------------- 保险赔偿比例地图interpretation ------------------------------------------ 注释，解释invasive species ---------------------------------------- 入侵物种irrigation ---------------------------------------------- 灌溉irrigation ponds ---------------------------------------- 灌溉池塘irrigation systems -------------------------------------- 灌溉系统irrigation water, sources of ---------------------------- 灌溉水水源Jjob meetings -------------------------------------------- 工作会议joists -------------------------------------------------- 托梁Llabor costs --------------------------------------------- 人工费lagoons ------------------------------------------------- 塘lamp characteristics ------------------------------------ 灯具的特点landscape assessment ------------------------------------ 景观评价Landscape Coefficient(KL) ------------------------------- 景观系数（KL）landscape planning -------------------------------------- 景观规划landscape planning strategies --------------------------- 景观规划对策landscape plantings, calculating water ------------------ 景观种植用水量的计算large-scale sites --------------------------------------- 大型场地layout and surveying ------------------------------------ 布局和测量layout methods ------------------------------------------ 布局方法layout plans -------------------------------------------- 平面图，布局平面layout requirements ------------------------------------- 布局要求layout survey ------------------------------------------- 布局测量leaching fields ----------------------------------------- 沥滤场light depreciation -------------------------------------- 不强烈的抗议light duty ---------------------------------------------- 轻型的lighting ------------------------------------------------ 照明limit-of-work line -------------------------------------- 工作期限local or minor streets ---------------------------------- 当地的或小街道local regulations --------------------------------------- 当地规范（规定）location ------------------------------------------------ 位置，地点lumen --------------------------------------------------- 流明luminance ----------------------------------------------- 亮度lump sum ------------------------------------------------ 总数，总合lump sum fee--------------------------------------------- 总费用lux ----------------------------------------------------- 勒克司（照明国际单位，即米烛光）Lyle, John Tillman -------------------------------------- 约翰•蒂尔曼•莱尔Mmagnetic declination ------------------------------------ 磁力偏差maintenance and disposal -------------------------------- 维修和处理maintenance period -------------------------------------- 维修期maneuvering patterns ------------------------------------ 运行方式map projections ----------------------------------------- 地图投影map scale ----------------------------------------------- 制图比例markup -------------------------------------------------- 涨价master planning ----------------------------------------- 总体规划MASTERFORMAT -------------------------------------------- 雇主表格material costs ------------------------------------------ 材料费material lifecycle cost estimates ----------------------- 材料生命周期造价估算material samples ---------------------------------------- 材料样品NNational Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) ---------------- 国家环境政策法案，简称(NEPA) natural drainageways ------------------------------------ 自然排水道natural resources --------------------------------------- 自然资源needs assessment ---------------------------------------- 需求评估negotiation --------------------------------------------- 协议，商议，协商neighborhood commercial --------------------------------- 邻里商业neighborhood scale -------------------------------------- 邻里尺度net positive suction head ------------------------------- 净吸真空高度non-payment --------------------------------------------- 无报酬的noxious plants ------------------------------------------ 有毒植物NEPA general permits ------------------------------------ 国家环境政策法案的一般许可NPDES general permits NPDES ----------------------------- 一般性许可Ooffice parks -------------------------------------------- 办公园区OH. See overhead OH. ------------------------------------ 见经常性开支on-site treatment systems ------------------------------- 分散式污水处理系统open space ratio ---------------------------------------- 开敞空间比例orientation --------------------------------------------- 超向，方位orientation and identification -------------------------- 方位和识别ornamental ponds ---------------------------------------- 观赏性水池ornamental pools ---------------------------------------- 观赏性水池overhead ------------------------------------------------ 经常性开支overhead and profit ------------------------------------- 经常性开支和利润overruns, time ------------------------------------------ 时间延误overtime ------------------------------------------------ 加班费overturning --------------------------------------------- 翻腾，水的竖直循环现象owner --------------------------------------------------- 所有者Ppackage plants ------------------------------------------ 丛生植物parking ------------------------------------------------- 停车场parking dimensions -------------------------------------- 停车场尺寸parking lot --------------------------------------------- 停车场parking lots -------------------------------------------- 停车场parking requirements ------------------------------------ 停车场要求patches ------------------------------------------------- 斑块path lighting ------------------------------------------- 小径照明pathways ------------------------------------------------ 小径pavement ------------------------------------------------ 铺装，路面pavement, flexible -------------------------------------- 柔性铺装，柔性路面pavement, rigid ----------------------------------------- 刚性铺装，刚性路面pavements ----------------------------------------------- 道路paver --------------------------------------------------- 铺路材料，铺路机，铺石人paving -------------------------------------------------- 铺装，铺路payment ------------------------------------------------- 报酬；支付pedestrian standards ------------------------------------ 步行标准penalties ----------------------------------------------- 罚金，罚款percentage of construction ------------------------------ 施工的百分比permitting processes ------------------------------------ 申请程序personnel allocation ------------------------------------ 人员配备photometric charts -------------------------------------- 光度表physical characteristics -------------------------------- 物理特征picnicking ---------------------------------------------- 野餐piers --------------------------------------------------- 支墩，支柱，防洪堤pipes --------------------------------------------------- 管道piping -------------------------------------------------- 管道place scale --------------------------------------------- 场地尺度plan discrepancies -------------------------------------- 平面的不符之处plane survey -------------------------------------------- 平面测量plank-and-beam framing ---------------------------------- 厚木板梁框架planned multiuse developments --------------------------- 有计划的综合开发planned unit development regulations -------------------- 有计划的单元开发规范。