Unit 1Adolescence :n. the time, usu. between the ages of 13 to 19,when a young person is developing into an adult 青春期Adulthood :n. the time when you are an adult成年，成年期affirm :v. to state that sth is true and you agree with it or support it, esp. in public 肯定，断言agenda :n. a list of things to be done议程approval :n. feeling or showing or saying that one thinks sth is good oracceptable or satisfactory 同意，批准attitudinal :adj. related to attitude 态度的Baptist :adj. 浸礼会教派的Contribute :v. to help to cause sth to happen贡献，出力counsel :v. to advise建议，劝告crisis :n. a period of great danger,difficulty, or uncertainty危机encyclopedia :n. a book or set of books containing facts on many differentsubjects or one particular subject 百科全书endeavor :v. to try very hard努力，尽力endowment :a quality or ability that sb has naturally捐赠，捐助ethical :adj. connected with principles of what is right and what is wrong 道德的ethnic :adj. relating to a particular race, nation, or tride and their customs and traditions 种族的evaluate :v. to carefully consider sth in order to see how useful or valuable it is 评价，评估excessive :adj. much more than is reasonable or necessary 过多的feminine :adj. belonging to or considered typical of women or girls 女性的functional :adj. connected with the way human beings function in their daily lives 功能的genetic :adj. connected with genes 遗传的heighten :v. to intensify, to increase in degree 提高inherit :v. to receive (genetic characters) from your parents 继承，遗传而得inhibition :n. a feeling of worry or embarrassment that stops you doing or saying what you really want to 抑制，压抑interaction :n. the act or process of interacting相互作用internalize :内化masculine: adj. belonging to or considered typical of man or boys 男性的newscast: n. a news program on radio or television新闻广播option: n. a choice you can make in a particular situation选项，选择权peer: n. sb of the same age or the same social states as you 同龄人perceive: v.to understand or think of sth in a particular way 察觉，感觉process: v. to deal with …by using a particular method or system 处理加工project: to show other people …设计表达rebel: v.to oppose or fight against sb in a position of authority叛徒resentment: n. a feeling of anger because sth has happened that you think is unfair 怨恨，愤恨seminary: n. a college for training priests or ministers 神学院stressful: adj. full of stress or tension; making you worry a lot紧张的theological: adj. related to theology, the study of religion and religious ideas and beliefs神学的unquestionably: adv. Doubtlessly; certainly无可非议的，确凿的wardrobe: n. a large piece of furniture where you can hang yourclothes;(here)the clothes that sb. has衣柜unit 3ashtray: n. a small dish where you put used cigarettes烟灰缸barbarian: n. a person who is primitive or uncivilized野蛮人beak: n. the hard horny part of a bird’s mouth 鸟嘴bear: v. to stand 忍受，承受bosom: n. a person ‘s chest, esp. a woman ‘s breast 胸怀；乳房champagne:香槟酒coachman: n. a driver of a horse-draw carriage 马车夫decorate: v. to put things in a room or house to make it more beautiful装饰dill:莳萝dreamy: adj. with thoughts far away from one’s present surroundings梦想的，空幻的drum: v. to make a sound similar to a drum by hitting a surface again and again击鼓egoist: n. a person who talks too much about oneself and believes that one is better or more important than other people自我主义者，利己主义者exasperate: v. to irritate or annoy greatly 使恼怒，激怒flap: v. to give a light blow at sth with a flat object轻拍某物geranium:天竺葵grimace: n. an ugly twisted expression on the face 鬼脸haunting: adj. beautiful in a way that makes you feel sad and remember sth for a long time难以忘怀的hover: v. to stay somewhere because you are waiting to do sth 停留于indecision: n. state of being unable to decide; hesitation犹豫不决infuriated: adj. extremely angry极其愤怒的lap: n. the upper part of your legs when you are sitting down膝盖loathe: v. to hate sb or sth very much憎恶magic: adj. able to do impossible things有魔力的maniac: n. a mad person 疯子marigold: n.金盏花melancholy: adj. very sad; causing sadness忧郁的，使人悲伤的mockery: n. action of mocking sb or sth; scorn or ridicule嘲弄，笑柄mournful: adj. sad and sorrowful悲哀的naïve: adj. showing lack of experience, wisdom or judgment幼稚的pagoda: n. a religious building in Asia宝塔peel: v. to take the skin off剥pickle: n. vegetables preserved in vinegar and salt water泡菜plead: v. to ask for sth that you want very much, in a sincere and emotional way借口prick: v. to raise one’s ears竖起（耳朵）ripple: v. to move in small waves泛起涟漪scrape: v. to drag擦，刮，蹭self-engrossed: adj. occupied with one’s own thoughtsSiberia: 西伯利亚slumber: v. to sleep comfortable and peacefully睡眠sufficient: adj. enough足够的，充分的tap: v. to hit your fingers lightly on sth轻敲thunder-struck: adj. greatly amazingveil: n. a covering of fine net or other material worn by women to protect or hide the face面纱，面罩velvet: n. cloth with a soft surface on one side which is used for making clothes天鹅绒verbena:美人樱wasp: n. a thin black and yellow flying insect that can sting 黄蜂unit 4bearded: adj. having hair that grows on a man’s chin and cheeks有胡子的block: v. to be in front of sb so that they cannot see or light cannot reach them障碍物Cynicism:犬儒主义elaborately: adv. in a way that is intricate, complicated or painstaking精巧的，苦心经营的elegant: adj. very beautiful and graceful高雅的fountain: n. 喷泉guffaw: v. to laugh loudly狂笑half-naked: adj. partially clothed半裸的lunatic: n. sb who behaves in a crazy or stupid way; a mad man 疯子monarch: n. a king or queen君主nudge: v. to push sb gently 推动olive:橄榄page: n. a boy who in the past served a person of high rank男侍者paradox: n. a self-contradictory and false proposition悖论peddle:卵石privacy: n. the state of being able to be alone, and not seen or hearted by other people隐私，隐秘scant: adj. not enough不足的scoop: v. to pick sth up with a scoop掘，舀scratch: v. to rub your skin with finger nails擦伤，抓痕squatter: n. sb who lives in an empty building or on a piece of land without permission and without paying any rent蹲着的人stroll: v. to walk somewhere in a slow relaxed way漫步sweat: v. to work hardtitter: v. to laugh quietly窃笑unit15avert: v.to prevent; to avoid避免award: n. a prize or some other reward given to sb for sth they have achieved 授予，判定ceremony: n.仪式cognac: n. 干邑白兰地complimentary: adj. praising; admiring; flattering称赞的concrete: 混凝土confidentially: adv. With confidence in sb; showing confidence and trust秘密地constrained: adj. too controlled as to be unnatural被强迫的，拘泥的departure：n. 离开，出发，违背embarrassing: adj. making you feel ashamed, nervous, or uncomfortable exhibit: v.to show ; to display展示expel: v.to force air, water, gas, etc. out of your body驱逐，开除inarticulateness: n. the state of being unable to express your ideas clearly insoluble: adj. impossible to solve 无法解决的jubilee:五十年节lobby: n. porch or entrance hall大厅nationwide: adj. throughout a whole nation全国范围的，全国性的omit: v. to leave out; to exclude省略，疏忽outcry: n. a cry of protest强烈抗议oversight: n. careless error;negligence疏忽passageway: n. a narrow way though sth esp. with walls on both sides personage: n. an important person; a VIP要人quarters:住处renounce: 宣布放弃reprimand: n. telling sb officially that sth they have done is very wrong谴责。