语法填空题专项训练阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

1When you start talking about good and bad manners you immediately start meeting difficulties. Many people just cannot agree to 1they mean. We asked a lady, who replied that she thought you could tell a well-mannered person by the way they occupied the space around them —for example, when such a person walks down a street he or she is 2(constant) aware of others. Such people never bump into other people. However, a 3(two) person thought that this was 4(much) a question of civilized behavior than good manners. Instead, this other person told us a story, which he said was quite well known, 5an American who 6(invite) to an Arab meal in one of the countries of the Middle East. The American hadn’t been told very much about the kind of food he might expect. If he had known about Arab food, he might have behaved 7 (good). Immediately before him was a very flat piece of bread that looked, to him, very much like a napkin (餐巾). 8(pick) it up, he put it into his collar, so that it fell across his shirt. His Arab host, 9had been watching, said nothing, but 10(immediate) copied the action of his guest. And that, said this second person, was a fine example of good manners.2There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. We can see a lot of people sleeping on the bus or train on their way home 1work in the evening. A man will be reading the newspaper, and seconds later it appears as if he is trying to eat it. Or he will fall asleep on the shoulder of the stranger sitting next to him. Another place where unplanned short sleep goes on is in the lecture hall 2 a student will start snoring so loudly that the professor has to ask another student 3(shake) the sleeper awake. A more 4(embarrass) situation occurs when a student starts falling into sleep and 5weight of the head pushes the arm off the desk, and the movement carries the rest of the body along. The student wakes up on the floor with no memory of getting there. The 6(bad) time to fall asleep is when driving. Police reports are full of 7(accident) that occur when people fall into sleep and go off the road. If the drivers are lucky, they are not 8(serious) hurt. One woman’s car, for example, we nt into the river. She woke up in four feet of water and thought that it 9(rain). When people are really 10 (tire), nothing will stop them from falling asleep — no matter where they are.3I decided a few months ago I was going to treat myself to a 4-day getaway from Los Angeles and visit Chicago. I booked an airplane ticket on a website. I also found a travel website where a discounted 3-night stay was purchased from a recently 1(open) hotel.About three weeks 2the trip, I had other plans and had to cancel the trip. Only then did I 3(realize) the room, while transferable to another person, couldn’t 4(change) to a later date and wasn’t refundable. I tried selling it but with no success. Five days before the “big weekend” I gave up 5(try) and decided I would contact some friends who lived in Chicago and would offer someone a free family vacation. After 6(contact) a handful of people, all of7already had their own plans, I was 8(determine) not to waste the room.It 9(sudden) occurred to me that I was looking at the room in the wrong way. Instead of viewing them for vacation purposes, I eventually found a shelter whose focus was aiding victims of domestic violence (家庭暴力). The shelter was working with a desperate woman and her young daughter, who were fortunately able to make use 10the room. I was later told by the shelter, “They had a blast.”4Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg __1__ (recent) surprised Chinese students when he spoke to __2__ in Chinese. In a talk at Tsinghua University in Beijing, Zuckerberg spoke Chinese for about 30 minutes. Although his Chinese was far from __3__ (perfectly), students and faculty cheered his effort.Clayton Dube is the head of the U.S.-China Institute at the University of Southern California.H e praises Zuckerberg’s effort and thinks more American CEOs should learn foreign__4__ (language).“To speak Chinese__5__ (mean) you begin to think as Chinese people do. You begin to understand how Chinese speakers have the world __6__ (organize), and how they understand things. And that is a vital step if you’re going to be culturally qualified.”Zuckerberg’s talk raises a larger question: Is Chinese the language of the future? Could it replace English __7__ the world’s international language? Chinese al ready has the most native speakers of any language. And, China may soon pass the United States as the world’s __8__ (large) economy.__9__ study of the Chinese language is increasing in the United States and around the world. In 2009, about 60, 000 __10__ (America) college students were studying Chinese. That is three times as many as in 1990.5Beijing has been virtually paralyzed for two days by severe air pollution __1__ forced airports and schools to close and drivers to turn on their __2__ (headlight) in the middle of the day. The “airpocalypse” was blamed on the start of the winter heating season Sunday in a region that still uses coal-powered plants and the burning of fields at the end of the harvest. __3__ lack of wind and high humidity also __4__ (contribute) to the severe pollution, meteorologists told the state media. Other cities that experienced __5__ (unusual) high pollution, which local media labeled as record-breaking, __6__ (include) Changchun, capital of Jilin province, and Shenyang, capital of Liaoning. Officials said that PM 2.5, the fine particulate matter that is most destructive to the lungs, was over 500 micrograms per cubic meter in most of the city and in some downtown locations reached up to 1,000. A reading over 300 __7__ (consider) hazardous by the World Health Organization. Pedestrians complained they had difficulty __8__ (make) their way because visibility was so low. __9__ (many) hazardous air days are expected in coming weeks as temperatures drop and the heating is turned on throughout northern China. Beijing announced emergency measures that would force schools to close and cars to be restricted to odd-even-day driving based on their license plates __10__ pollution reaches critical levels.6The story happened in Japan where a house was redecorated and the wall inside a room ___1__ (remove). The inside of the wall was hollow. When the owner of the house removed the wall, he saw a gecko (壁虎) inside the wall. Its tail was pinned by a nail ___2___ (come) through the wall from outside.The owner was very curious why the gecko was still alive. Then the nail caught his eye. Goodness! It is the nail that was driven here ten years ago when the house was built! How ___3___ (amaze) it is for the gecko to have lived in the wall in complete ___4__ (dark) for ten years!But on second thought, the curious house owner wondered how this gecko could live through 10 years with its tail __5_ (nail) down and being unable to go anywhere? So he tried to find out how this small creature could be fed. After a little while, there appeared another gecko with food in ___6 __ mouth! What a shocking scene! For ten years, this little gecko had never failed to feed the trapped one.The story touched me so ___7 __ (deep) that it is useless to find out __8 __ relationships they had between them. Parent __9 child? Friends? Lovers? Brothers or sisters? The last thing we should do is __10 (abandon) your beloved in hardship.7Alice, a shark that lives at the National Sea Life Center in England, did not start out life as a vegetarian. When she 1 (bring) in from Florida in 2009, she was happily eating any seafood.2 , that changed in a few months, and she suddenly stopped eating completely. Deeply3 (concern), the center officials took her in for an X-ray,4 showed that a fishing hook was hiding deep inside her mouth. So they took her to see a doctor who realized the only way5 (save) the shark was performing a rather risky operation.6 (fortune), things went really well. But just when everybody was happy about the shark’s recovery, the history-making shark began changing her eating habit, instead,7 (prefer) to use her sharp teeth to eat vegetables! Although this may sound good, it is not really good8 Alice’s health because vegetables can not provide enough protein that she needs to survive. Shark experts all over the world are confused at Alice’s9 (behave) and they guess that it may have something to do with the wound the hook caused. But unless she __10 (speak) up, nobody is really going to know the real reason.8The broken English used by a Chinese journalist aroused attention of the public on English learning in China. Actually, “Chinglish” __ 1 __ (contribute) 5% to 20% of newly added English words since 1994. The Chinglish expression “long time no see” has become 2 __ standard English phrase. There is even a “Save Chinglish” group on the Facebook website, _3 __ has attracted over 8,000 members and lists more than 2,500 examples of Chinglish. The phrase “good good study, day day up” 4 __ (invent) by the Chinese has become a famous Chinglish sentence. As Chinese people said in a humor manner that hearing Chinglish is like 5 (receive) an electric shock, native English speakers launched a campaign to save Chinglish. In the eyes of these foreigners, Chinglish is the 6 __ (wonder) result of an English dictionary mixing with Chinese grammar. However, there are fears that Chinglish could be killed off because some people are___7___ (worry) that Chinglish may embarrass foreign visitors. As for attitudes __ 8 __ Chinglish, some foreigners do not think that Chinglish makes serious mistakes. In their eyes, a language will be absolutely affected by its users whether or not its native speakers approve. Although rigid translation ___9___ (confusion) foreigners who have just arrived in China, for foreigners familiar with the Chinese culture, it is an interesting phenomenon caused by cultural _ 10 _ (difference).9A baby is in danger and its mother is crazy with worry. This is something anyone can relate to, even though we are talking about a mother elephant that has been separated 1 her child.A video capturing (捕捉) the reunion between the elephant and her 8-month-old baby in Kenya was one of the 2 (impressive) scenes in 2012. The baby fell inside 3 man-made hole and was unable to climb out, according to a video released by the Amboseli Trust for Elephants. Despite the best efforts of her 4 (desperately) mother, the baby seemed helpless until a team of conservation workers rushed to help. They had to chase the overprotective mother away first, so that they could get close enough 5 (rescue) the baby. They 6 _ (struggle) to pull the baby out with ropes and a vehicle.7 (lucky), the workers managed to pull the baby to safety. 8 followed was a touching scene. As soon as the baby was freed, it ran away across the plain. In the __9 (distant), the cries of her mother could be heard as she came running from the opposite direction. The two were reunited, __10 (hug) each other with their trunks.10The Nobel Prize in Literature for 2013 is awarded to the Canadian author Alice Munro, “ma ster of the contemporary short story”.Canada’s Alice Munro—1(call) the “master of the contemporary short story”— won the 2013 Nobel Prize in Literature, the Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences announced Thursday.The prize committee compared the 82-year-old author 2Anton Chekhov, the 19th century Russian who is considered one of the 3(great) short story writers in history.She’s the first Canadian-based writer 4(win) the literature award. Saul Bellow, who won it in 1976, was born in Quebec but moved to the United States as a child and is regarded as 5 U. S. author.Munro is the 13th woman to receive the literature prize.“On behalf of all Canadians,”Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper said in a tweet, “6 (congratulate) to Alice Munro.”After the prestigious award 7(announce), the Nobel committee said on Twitter that it hadn’t been able to contact Munro and left a phone message 8(tell) her the good news. But The Canadian Press contacted her, and she was quoted as saying the award was “quite wonderful”and she was “9(terrible) surprised”.“I knew I was in the running, yes, 10I never thought I would win, ”she said, according to a Toronto Star story quoting The Canadian Press.答案与解析11. what agree to后跟的是一个宾语从句，从句中缺少mean的宾语，应用what引导。