计算机专业英语作业(1一、Translate the following sentences into English or Chinese.1.计算机2.多媒体3.硬件4.软件5.输入设备6.存储器7.外部设备8.处理器9.鼠标10.语音识别11.扫描仪12.寄存器13.Arithmetic and logic unit 14.Binary form15.Control unit 16.Instruction cycle17.Execution cycle 18.Central processing unit19.Universal serial bus 20.Universal parallel bus二、For each of the following blanks, four choices are given. Choose the most appropriate one.1.A personal computer keyboard includes .a.a typewriter layout and a set of arrow keysb.a numeric keypadC.a Set of function keysd.a11 of above2.A display is a device that is used to display .a.numbers lettersb.special charactersc. graphic informationd.all of above3.system software includes and .a.operating system and application softwareb.operating system and programming languagec.special—purpose programs and application softwared.OS and special—purpose programsrmation flows from a computer into a peripheral device as .a.outputb.memoryc.a programd.input5.programs are known collectively as .a.secondary storageb.softwarec.stored programsd.hardware6.which is not common feature of most application software?a.menusb.toolbarsc.insertion pointd.alignment7.Main memory holds .a.data for processingb.the programrmationd.all of above8.The number of bits that can be Processed at one time is aa.registerb.cyclec.wordd.PROM9.Data and instructions are stored in memory at location known asa.addressb.bytec.wordd.number10.The central processing unit (CPU had two parts: and .a.control unit and ALUb.ALU and registerc.register and control unitd.ALU and memory11.A holds enough bits to store a single character.a.wordb.bitc.byted.two bytes12.A location in memory is accessed by its .a.addressb.contentc.valued.digit13.Which is not the actor that some microcomputer are more powerful than others .a.Speedb.capacityc.flexibilityd.application14.The CPU has two main parts 。
a.the control unit and registerb.the control unit and the arithmetic/logic unitb.the arithmetic/logic unit and registerd.the register and bus15.In machine language, data and instructions are represented 。
a.in hexadecimal formb.in decimal formc.in binary formd.in octal form16.Data flow into the computer as 。
a.outputb.a processc.a programd.input17.The physical components of a computer are collectively called 。
a.peripheralsb.boardsc.softwared.hardware18.Inside a computer, characters are represented by 。
a.a binary codeb.registersc.wordsd.positional values三、Translate the following sentences into Chinese.As to the question“What is the most important component in a computer?”,nobody wou1d fail to give a correct answer to it—the processor.But when the questions move to the details of it,most of us might not have a clear picture.A processor a component of a computer,is a functional unit that interprets and carries out instructions.Every processor comes with a unique set of operations such as ADD,STORE, or LOAD that represent the processor’s instruction puter designers are fond of calling their computers machines,so the instruction set is sometimes referred to as machine instructions and the binary language in which they are written iscalled machine language. You should not confuse processor’s instruction set with the instructions found in high—level programming languages,such as BASIC or PASCAL.An instruction is made up of operations that specify the function to be performed and operands that represent the data to be operated on.For example,if an instruction is to perform the operation of adding two numbers,it must know what the two numbers are and where the two numbers are.When the numbers are stored in the computer’s memory,they have an address to indicate where they are, so if an operand refers to data in the computer’s memory it is called an address.The processor’s job is to retrieve instructions and operands from memory and to perform each operation.Having done that,it signals memory to send it the next instruction.This step-by-step operation is repeated over and over again at awesome speed.A timercalled a clock releases precisely timed electrical signals that provide a regular pulse for the processor’s work.The term that is used to measure the comput er’s speed is borrowed from the domain of electrical engineering and is called a megahertz(MHz,which means million cycles per second.A processor is composed of two functional units——a control unit and an arithmetic/logic unit——and a set of special work spaces called registers.。