电子信息毕业论文 - 自行车里程表的设计学号：毕业设计（论文）题目：自行车里程表的设计作者届别 2021系别物理与电子信息系专业电子信息工程指导老师完成时间职称讲师摘要本文介绍的速度与里程表设计以单片机最小系统和霍尔传感器为核心。

传感器将不同车速转变成的不同频率的脉冲信号输入到单片机进行控制与计算，再采用LED模块进行显示，使得电动自行车的速度与里程数据能直观的显示给使用者。

本系统由霍尔传感器、RC滤波电路、单片机AT89S51、系统化LED显示模块、数据存储电路和键盘控制组成。

其中霍尔传感器包含信号放大和波形整形。

对待测信号进行放大的目的是降低对待测信号的幅度要求；波形变换和波形整形电路则用来将放大的信号转换成可与单片机相连的TTL信号；通过单片机的设置可使内部定时器T1对脉冲输入引脚T0进行控制，这样能精确地算出加到T0引脚的单位时间内检测到的脉冲数；设计中速度显示采用LED模块，通过速度换算得来的里程数采用I2C总线并通过E2PROM来存储，既节省了所需单片机的口线和外围器件，同时也简化了显示部分的软件编程本文先对里程表设计当中所需设备作了详细介绍，对设计中存在的问题进行了说明；而后对硬件和软件部分的设计和实现作了认真的分析；然后给出了系统的建模过程及相应的系统模型，在此基础上进行了控制仿真，并对仿真效果进行了比较。

本里程表的设计具有结构简单，成本低廉，显示清晰，稳定可靠等优点。

并且可进行扩充，加入时速表的功能，更加方便的了解你现在所处的情况。

关键词：单片机最小系统，LED数码管，霍尔传感器，RC滤波器,EEPROM存储器。

1AbstractThis paper describes the design speed and Odometer to SCM system and the smallest Hall sensor at the core. Different speed sensor into different frequency pulse signal input to the microprocessor control and calculation adopt LED modules, making the speed of electric bicycles and mileage data can be directly displayed to the user.The system consists of Hall sensor, RC filter circuit, SCM AT89S51, systematic LED display modules, data storage and keyboard control circuit components. Hall sensor which contains signal amplification and waveform shaping. Deal signals measured amplification of the treatment is to reduce the rate of measured signals; Waveform transform and waveform shaping circuit will be used for amplification of the signal can be converted into SCM connected with TTL signals; SCM through the setup will enable the internal timer T1 pulse input pin T0 control, This can be accurately calculated foisted T0 pinunit time detection of the pulse; Design LED display modules, through a conversion rate of mileage using I2C bus through E2PROM to storage, saved for SCM mouth lines and external devices, but also simplify the show part of the software programThis article first right Odometer designs required equipment, details ofthe design issues of; Later on hardware and software design and implementation carefully analyzed; Then the system modeling process and the corresponding model, based on the control simulation, Simulation results also were compared.Odometer the design of the structure is simple, low cost, showing clear, stable and reliable results. And can be expanded to speed the function table and more convenient understand you are now stand.Keywords : SCM minimum system, LED digital control, Hall sensor, RC filter, EEPROM memory.2目录第一章绪论 ........................................................................... .. (4)1.1 课题背景、发展及意义............................................................................ .................. 4 1.2 系统设计概述............................................................................ ................................ 4 1.3 各章节的安排 ........................................................................... .................................. 4 第二章自行车里程表的设计方法与基本原理 (6)2.1 霍尔传感器 ........................................................................... ...................................... 6 2.2 单片机最小系统 ........................................................................... ............................. 6 2.3 频率测量.................................... 8 2.4 LED数码管 ........................................................................... .................................... 9 2.5存储器EEPROM........................................................................ ..................................... 9 2.6 键盘控制............................................................................ ...................................... 10 2.7 RC滤波器 ........................................................................... .....................................11 第三章硬件实现的设计方法与原理 (12)3.1 系统概述............................................................................ .. (12)3.2 系统总框图 ........................................................................... ................................... 13 3.3 各部分硬件图 ........................................................................... . (13)3．3．1 显示部分............................................................................ ........................ 13 第四章自行车里程表软件实现方法 (15)4.1 软件编程实现............................................................................ . (15)4．1．1 系统软件框图............................................................................ ................. 15 4．1．2 数据处理............................................................................ ........................ 15 4．1．3 键盘控制............................................................................ ........................ 16 4.2部分程序 ........................................................................... ....................................... 17 第五章仿真与测 (36)5．1 画好的PCB板图 ........................................................................... .......................... 36 5．2 设计好的里程表图 ........................................................................... ....................... 36 第六章总结............................................................................ ..................................... 37 参考文献............................................................................ ............................................ 38 致谢 ........................................................................... .. (39)3第一章绪论1.1 课题背景、发展及意义我国是自行车大国，随着人们生活水平的不断提高，自行车已经不仅仅是运输、代步的工具，其辅助功能也变得越来越重要。