南华大学2014 –2015学年度第一学期
化学工程与工艺专业英语课程试卷(A卷12级化学工程与工艺专业）考试日期：2014年11月28日考试类别：考试考试时间：120分钟命题人：审阅人：
一、将下列句子翻译成汉语（20分）
1. Since 1940 the chemical industry has grown at a remarkable rate, although this has slowed sign ificantly in recent years.
2. The chemical industry is a very high technology industry which takes full advantage of the lates t advances in electronics and engineering.
3 Indeed the level of a country’s development may be judged by the production level and sophistic ation of its chemical industry.
4. chemical engineering is that branch of engineering which is concerned with the study of the des ign, manufacture, and operation of plant and machinery in industrial chemical processes.
5.In addition to processes that result in materials with specific high-performance properties, chemi cal engineers continue to design new processes for the low-cost manufacture of polymers.
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二、将下列单词翻译成汉语（10分）
1.polyethylene
2. acetic acid
3.benzene
4. impurity
5. precipitate
6.filtration
7. spontaneous 8. solution
9. immiscible 10. reactor
三、将下列词语翻译成英语（10分）
11.扩散12. 碳
13. 连续的14. 强碱的
15. 盐酸16. 还原
17. 平衡18. 沉降
19. 硫酸盐20. 溶解度
四、选择正确的单词填入下文划线部分(20分)
machines machinery properties branches adapts equipment separated
design production chemical industrial increase foundation engineering tecahnicl
In a wider sense, engineering may be defined as a scientific presentation of the techniques and facilities used in a particular industry. For example, mechanical 1
refers to the techniques and facilities employed to make machines. It is predominantly based on mechanical forces which are used to change the appearance and/or physical properties of the materials being worked, while their chemical 2 are left unchanged. Chemical engineering encompasses the chemical processing of raw materials, based on 3
and physico-chemical phenomena of high complexity.
Thus, chemical engineering is that branch of engineering which is concerned with the study of the
4 , manufacture, and operation of plant and machinery in industrial chemical processes. Chemical engineering is above all based on the chemical sciences, such as physical chemistry, chemical thermodynamics, and chemical kinetics. In doing so, however, it does not simply copy their findings, but them to bulk chemical processing. The principal objectives that set chemical engineering apart from chemistry as a pure science, is to find the most economical route of operation and to design commercial 6 and accessories that suit it best of all. Therefore, chemical engineering is inconceivable without close ties with economics, physics, mathematics, cybernetics, applied mechanics, and other 7 sciences.
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increase in the number of chemical manufactures. Today, petroleum for example serves as the source material for the of about 80 thousand chemicals. The expansion of the chemical process industries on the one hand and advances in the chemical and technical sciences on the other have made it possible to lay theoretical 9 for chemical processing.
As the chemical process industries forged ahead, new data, new relationships and new generalizations were added to the subject-matter of chemical engineering. Many 10
in their own right have separated from the main stream of chemical engineering, such as process and plant design, automation, chemical process simulation and modeling, etc.
五、根据你所学的关于聚合物的知识完成下面表格（20分）
六、根据你对化学工程与工艺的了解，用英语写一篇不少于200字的短文（20分）
1、化学工程与工艺的内容
2、化学工程与工艺的前景
3、你对化学工程与工艺的看法
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化学化工学院化工班学号：姓名：
参考答案
一、1.1940年以来，化学工业一直以引人注目的速度飞速发展。
尽管这种发展的速度近年来已大大减慢。
2.化学工业是高技术工业，它需要利用电子学和工程学的最新成果。
3.事实上，一个国家的发展水平可以通过其化学工业的生产水平和精细程度来加以判断。
4.化学工程学是工程学的一个分支，它涉及工业化化学过程中工厂和机器的设计、制造、和操作的研究。
5.除了这些可以得到具有特别高性能的材料的加工过程，化学工程师们还设计一些新的工艺过程以生产低成本的聚合物。
二、1.聚乙烯 2. 醋酸 3..苯 4.杂质 5.沉淀
6.过滤
7.自发的
8.溶液
9. 不互溶的10.反应器
三、11.diffuse 12.carbon 13.consequentia 14.alkaline 15.hydrochloric
16.reduce 17.equilibrium 18.settling 19.sulphate 20.solubility
四、1.engineering 2.properties 3.chemical 4. design 5.adapts
6.equipment
7. tecahnicl
8.production
9.foundation 10.branches
五、
六、在保证语句流畅单词书写正确的前提下，根据自己所学和想法书写即可。
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