或of whom the mother) is a doctor is my
friend.
(4) 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词 的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如：
Those who are against the plan put up your hands.
Tom is one of the students who were praised by the teacher yesterday.
A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man (that) I told you about.
⑤whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语 。 不可省略。
This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.
① who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾 语时，可省略。 The man (who) I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省 略。
The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
(3) whose引导的定语从句注意点
①whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名 词短语。
② whose与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。 如：
The boss in whose department he worked had heard the news.他工作所在部门的老板已经听说 了这个消息。
一. 定语从句的基本定义
放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词 引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 被修饰的词叫先行词。
The boy who is reading is Tom.
先行词
关系代词
Hospital is a place where a doctor works.
先行词
关系副词
This is the very book that I am looking for these days.
④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如： The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.
⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如： The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
二. 关系词的分类
1. 关系代词
2. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语 和定语，常用的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose
2. 关系副词 关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副 词有：when, where, why
三. 关系代词的基本用法和注意点 1. 关系代词的基本用法
③ which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾 语。作宾语时，可省略。
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder （which） he is using is
made in Japan.
④that 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾 语。作宾语时，可省略。
③ whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人 也可以指物。
④whose的先行词指物时，可用of which代替，但语 序不同，即whose+名词 = the+名词+of which，或= of which + the + 名词。如：
The novel whose title (= the title of which或of
Tom is the only one of the students who was praised by the teacher yesterday.
巩固练习：1. 用定语从句合并句子
(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.
We live in a house whose windows face south.
2. 关系代词的用法注意点
(1) that和which都可以指物，但以下5种情况 只能用that 不能用which。
①当先行词中有人又有物时。如：
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?
(2) that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况， 多用who。
①先行词为all, anyone, one, ones等时。如： All who heard the news were excited.
②先行词为those, he和people时。如： Those who want to go please sign your names here. He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
②当先行词为不定代词all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, nobody, none等时。如：
This is all that I want from the school.
③当先行词被only, just, very, right, last等 修饰时。如：
which the title) is .
⑤whose的先行词指人时，可用of whom代替， 但语序不同，即whose+名词 = the+名词+of whom，或= of whom + the + 名词。如：
The boy whose mother (= the mother of whom