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2021届高中英语新高考语法基础版一轮复习讲义(30)表语从句知识点整理总结

2021届高中英语新高考语法基础版一轮复习讲义(30)
表语从句知识点整理总结
01 表语从句的概念和引导词
表语从句是指一个句子充当主系表结构中的表语而成的从句。

它的构成和其他名词性从句一样。

和宾语从句、主语从句的类似,表语从句的引导词也分为如下三类:
a. 陈述句做表语从句,用that引导。

如:
T h e p ro bl e m i s th a t t h e y do n't f o l l o w m y a d vi ce.
问题在于他们不听我的劝告。

注意:表语从句中的that不可以省略。

b. 一般疑问句做表语从句,一般用whether引导,不用if。

如:
The key is whether the boss will give us the chance to participate in the project.
关键是老板是是否会让我们参与这个项目。

c. 特殊疑问句做表语从句,用what/who等特殊疑问词引导。

如:
The problem is when we will receive the fund.
问题在于我们何时能收到这笔资金。

02 常见表语从句的句型
和主语从句类似,表语从句也有一些常见的结构化的句型,具体包括以下几类:
a. 名词+is +表语从句。

这些名词有表示事实的truth, fact,表示观点的idea, advice, problem, question, thought, feeling, plan, suggestion等。

如:The fact is that he is the best teacher in the entire school.
事实是,他是全校最好的老师。

The question is when the rescue team will arrive here.
问题是救援小组何时能到这里。

当然,名词这里也可以是主语从句。

如:
What I want to know is who will be elected as the monitor in the new term.
我想知道的是新学期谁会被当选为班长?
注意:当名词是suggestion/order/request等表示主张和建议时,表语从句要用should+do的虚拟语气,其中should可以省略。

b. It/This/That is because/why从句。

如:
That is why he was sent to the mental hospital.
这就是他被送往精神病医院的原因。

That was because he was crazy.
这是因为他疯了。

c. It +looks等+as if/though句型,与事实不符时要用虚拟语气。

这些动词主要是look/seem/appear/be/become等系动词。

如:
It looks as if he is angry with me.
他看起来对我有点生气。

It is as if life is testing us.
生活似乎在测试我们。

与事实不符时要使用虚拟语气,结构和if条件句类似,了解if条件句请查看以下链接:
03 表语从句其他注意事项
在表语从句中我们还需要注意以下几点:
a. that/whether在表语从句中不做任何成分,但是特殊疑问词what/who/when/where等均做相应的成分。

b. 表语从句的引导词一律不可以省略。

c. 表语从句中用whether,不用if。

d. 有些地方要用虚拟语气,文中已经指出了,请大家注意哦。

表语从句的注意事项
1. 表语从句中的连词that不可以省略;
2. if不可以用来引导表语从句;
3. 主句为reason时,表语从句不可以用because,而要用that;
4. 表语从句的语序用陈述句语序;
5. 标语从句的主句和从句时态可以不一致。

小试牛刀
1. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.
A. if
B. that
C. whether
D. 不填
正确答案:C
2. Go and get your coat, it's ______ you left it.
A. where
B. there
C. there where
D. where there
正确答案:A
3. The reason why he failed is ______ he was too careless.
A. because
B. that
C. for
D. because of.
正确答案:B
4. Einstein's most famous theory is ______ we call the theory of relativity.
A.what
B.where
C.that
D.why.
正确答案:A
5. ______ I can't understand is ______ he changed his mind.
A. that, that
B. which, how
C. that, why
D. what, why
正确答案:D。

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