2011年复旦大学考博英语真题及详解
Paper One
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Structure （15%）
Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET I with a single line through the center.
1. He’s color-blind and can’t ______ the difference between red and green easily.
A. detect
B. discover
C. distinguish
D. determine
【答案】C
【解析】句意：他是色盲，难以辨出红色和绿色的区别。
distinguish区分，辨别，分清。
2. As many as 100 species of fish, some ______ to these waters, may have been affected by the pollution.
A. unusual
B. particular
C. typical
D. unique
【解析】句意：多达100种鱼可能会受到污染的影响，而且有些鱼类是这些水域所特有的。
be unique to为惯用搭配，指“只有……才有的；对……独一无二的”。
其他选项也包含“特有的”意思，其区别在于：unusual指事物时表示某事极少发生，或极少被人耳闻目睹；particular指某事物存在专有特点，以此与其他事物相区别；typical侧重指“典型”，指某个群族中共有、而区别于其他群族。
因此本题答案为D项。
3. In her bright yellow coat, she was easily ______ in the crowed.
A. accessible
B. identifiable
C. negligible
D. incredible
【答案】B
【解析】句意：她穿着亮黄色的外套，因此很容易就可从人群中将她辨认出来。
identifiable 可辨认的；可识别的。
accessible易接近的；可理解的；易相处的。
negligible可以忽略的；微不足道的。
incredible不可思议的；惊人的；难以置信的。
4. Some people find that certain foods ______ their headaches.
A. introduce
B. trigger
C. summon
D. create
【解析】句意：对于有些人，某些食物会引起头痛。
trigger引起；发动；促使。
summon 传唤，召唤；鼓起（勇气）。
5. The workers chose to ______ their dissatisfaction in a series of strikes.
A. deliver
B. offer
C. manifest
D. indicate
【答案】C
【解析】句意：工人们选择通过一系列的罢工来表达他们的不满。
manifest和indicate都有“显示，表明”的意思，其区别在于manifest强调清楚地表明情感、态度、品质等，而indicate 则常用来指某种事实说明什么问题、情况或暗示可能发生的事情。
该句指的是表达“不满情绪”，因此答案选C。
6. Living with a roommate ______ constraint on her—she couldn’t play her trumpet or have parties late at night.
A. imposed
B. illustrated
C. impressed
D. left
【答案】A
【解析】该句破折号之前为句子主干，破折号之后是对“和室友住在一起对她造成了约束”这一情况的解释说明，即“她不可以吹小号或在深夜开派对”。
impose意为“强加；使遭受”，指将令人不愉快的事强加于人，符合句意。
illustrate说明；表明；给……加插图。
因此答案选A。
7. I don’t know how to get there either—perhaps we’d better ______ a map.
A. note
B. mark
C. consult
D. draft
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我也不知道怎么去那儿，或许我们可以查看一下地图。
consult有“查阅，查询(书、地图等)”，符合句意。
8. In the ______ of recent incidents, we are asking our customers to take particular care of their belongings.
A. process
B. company
C. light
D. form
【答案】C
【解析】句意：鉴于最近所发生的事情，我们告知顾客妥善保管个人物品。
in the light of
为固定搭配，指“鉴于，由于，按照”。
9. The police are doing all they can to bring those responsible for the bombing to ______.
A. evidence
B. hearing
C. justice
D. rule
【答案】C
【解析】句意：警方正尽竭尽全力将造成此次爆炸事件的人绳之于法。
bring sb. to justice 为惯用搭配，指“将某人绳之于法；使某人受到法律制裁”。
10. The programme aims to make the country ______ in food and to cut energy imports.
A. self-confident
B. self-sufficient
C. self-satisfied
D. self-restrained
【答案】B
【解析】句意：该项目旨在使这个国家在食物方面实现自给自足，并减少能源输入。
self-sufficient自给自足的；自立的。
self-confident自信的，自持的。
self-satisfied沾沾自喜的，自鸣得意的。
self-restrained自我克制的。
11. I think I’d like to stay home this evening ______ going out as it is raining so heavily.
A. better than
B. other than
C. rather than
D. sooner than
【答案】C
【解析】句意：雨下得这么大，我想今晚我就呆在家里不出去了。
rather than而不；宁可；而非。
other than不同于；除了；绝不是。
12. The public can rest ______ that detectives are doing everything possible to find the murderer.
A. assured
B. approved
C. guaranteed
D. convinced
【答案】A
【解析】句意：公众可以放心，侦探正在尽全力找寻凶手。
rest assured为惯用搭配，意为“确信无疑，放心”。
13. The child’s bad behavior is often more than a way of trying to ______ his。