小升初英语专题讲解冠词一、词汇play/plei/v.参加(比赛或运动)；玩耍guitar n.吉他chess n.国际象棋piano n.钢琴drum n.喇叭violin n.小提琴baseball/'beisbɔ:l/n.棒球tennis/'tenis/n.网球ping-pong乒乓球soccer/'sɔkə/n.(英式)足球volleyball/'vɔlibɔ:l/n.排球basketball/'bɑ:skitbɔ:l/n.篮球middle/'midl/adj.中间的n.中间school/sku:l/n.学校south n. 南；南方north n. 北；北方east n.东方west n.西方month/mʌnθ/n.月；月份January/'dʒænjuəri/n.一月February/'februəri/n.二月March/mɑ:tʃ/n.三月April/'eiprəl/n.四月May/mei/n.五月June/dʒu:n/n.六月July/dʒu:'lai/n.七月August/ɔ:'gʌst/n.八月September/sep'tembə/n.九月October/ɔk'təubə/n.十月November/nəu'vembə/n.十一月December/di'sembə/n.十二月Sunday/'sʌndi/n.星期日Monday/'mʌndi/n.星期一Tuesday n.星期二Wednesday/'wenzdi/n.星期三Thursday/'θə:zdi/n.星期四Friday/'fraidi/n.星期五Saturday/'sætədi/n.星期六Tuesday/'tju:zdi/n.星期二sun n.太阳moon n.月亮earth n.地球subject/'sʌbdʒikt, sʌb'dʒekt/n.学科；科目science/'saiəns/n.科学music/'mju:zik/n.音乐；乐曲math/mæθ/n.数学Chinese/'tʃai'ni:z/n.语文；汉语adj.中国的geography/dʒi'ɔgrəfi/n.地理(学)history/'histəri/n.历史Japanese 日语French 法语English英语Russian俄语German德语Spanish西班牙语Korean韩语Indian 印度语dinner/'dinə/n.正餐breakfast/'brekfəst/n.早餐；早饭lunch/lʌntʃ/n.午餐super n.晚餐work n.& v.工作shower n.v淋浴;淋浴器（间）speak v.说；说话tell v. n讲述；告诉story n故事；小说talk v. n说话；谈话二、知识讲解冠词定义:不能独立使用,通常放在名词的前面分为:不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词。

1、不定冠词:a、an。

用在单数名词前,表示“一个,一件……”。

a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前；an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。

注:这里的元音音素和辅音音素是指读音,而不是指字母。

元音音素: /i://ɪ//e//æ//ɑ://ʌ//ɔ://ɒ//u://ʊ//ɜ:/ /ə//eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ//ɪə//eə//ʊə//əʊ//aʊ/a pen /pen/ 一支钢笔(/p/为辅音音素)an orange /’ ɒrindʒ / 一个桔子(/ɒ /为元音音素)Practice判断下列名词前用a还是an.________ HB ________English ________map ________cup ________ruler ________pen ________jacket________key________UFO________eraser______hour _______ honest boy➢There is _______ “U” in the word “university”.➢There is _______ “b”, _______ “o” and _______ “x” in the word “box”.➢There is_________ “n”on his paper.➢________“c”is in“cat.” ________“s”is in“sat.”➢Is this_______apple? --No,it’s______egg.➢--Is that______pencil? --No,it’s______eraser.➢That’s_____English car.➢--What’s that in English? --It’s_____car.➢I am_____teacher.➢This is_____old desk.用法:（1）用在单数可数名词前,表示一个。

One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy.There is an apple on the table.（2）用在单数可数名词前,表示职业、身份。

She is a teacher.（3）固定搭配have a cold/headache/stomachache/toothache/sore throat/feverhave a rest take a shower=have a showerhave a walk=take a walk=go for a walk have a rest half an hour2、定冠词:the用在单数或者复数名词前。

the没有具体意思,有时翻译为这、那、这些、那些。

基本用法:（1）用来表示特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。

The map on the wall is new.（2）表示说话者双方都知道的人或事物。

Look at the boy, please.（3）表示再次提到前面谈过的人或事物。

This is a stamp. The stamp is beautiful.（4）用在表示世界上独一无二的事物前。

the sun太阳the moon月亮the earth地球the Great Wall长城the Changjiang River长江（5）用在姓氏的复数前表示一家人。

The Greens（7）用于乐器前play the guitar/piano/violin/drums（8）用于固定词组in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening,on the left/on the right, in the middle of..., in the southin the west in the east in the north3、零冠词1) 表示人名、地名、国家名的名词前China Bill Beijing2) 节假日、月份、星期、四季前不加冠词,但中国传统节日前一般要加the.Women’s Day Mother’s Day ChristmasEaster Tree Planting Day Father’s Dayin spring/summer/autumn/winter3) 复数名词表示一类人或者事物时不用冠词。

I like apples. Roses are my favourite flowers.4) 表示三餐、球类、棋类的名词前不用冠词。

She never has breakfast.play ping-pong play basketball play volleyball play tennis play soccer/football play baseball play chess5) 表示学科、语言的名词前不用冠词。

Lily can speak Chinese.6)固定词组at home at last on time on footat school at first真题演练I.选择填空1．I have____pear; she has____orange. A.a:a B.a;an C.an;a D. an; an 2．Sam likes playing____basketball. A.a B．the C．／3．Lucy's sister is____English teacher. A the B．a C．／ D. an4．I often play____violin, but I don't like playing ______ basketball.A.／;／B.the; theC.the;／5.--Would you like ______ green dress, Lucy? --Sorry, mum. I prefer ______ orange one.A. an; anB.a;aC.an;aD.a;an6．This is ______ English book.A．a B．an C．the7．Our classroom is on____second floor. A. the B.a C．／8．Do you have____alarm clock? A.a B．an C．the D.／9．--Is it____ruler?--No. It is____eraser. A.／; an B.a; an C.the; the10. There is ______ 'b’, ______ ‘o’ and ______ 'x' in the word "box".A.a;an;aB.a;an; anC.a;a;aD.an, an, an11. I'm ______ doctor. My cousin is ______ actor.A.the; theB.an; theC.a;anD.an; a12. Mike is not at ______ school. A.a B an C．the D．／13. --What's this?--It's____English book. A．a B．an C．the14.Tony has____e-dog and its name is Hobo. A.a B．an C．the D.／15. There is______apple tree in my garden. It's over 10 years old.A．the B．a C．an D.／16. Where is ______ football? He wants to play____football with his friends.A.／;／B.the; theC./; theD. the;／17. There is____orange and____banana on ______ plate.A.a; an; aB.a; a; anC.an; a; the18. --We have three meals____day. We have ______ breakfast at seven.A.a; theB.a; /C.the; theD. the;a19. --What's this in English?--It's____ruler. A．a B．the C.／D．an20. The word "hand" has ______ "h" in it．A.a B．an C．the D.／21. There is ______ interesting story in____ book.A.a; anB. a;aC.the; the D, an; the22. There is______ "u" in the word "use". A．a B．the C．an D.／23.Kris buys____book. ______ book is very interesting.A. an; TheB.a; TheC.a; AD.the; The24.Look! There is ______ orange tree behind the house. A.a B.an C.the25.--Do you know ______ girl in red? --Yes, she's my cousin. She is____middle school student.A.a;aB. the;aC.a;theD.the; the26. Lucy's sister is ______ English teacher. A．the B．a C．／D．an。