英语不规则单词的过去式和过去分词am\are\is was\were beenbear bore bornbeat beat beatenbecome became becomebegin began begunblow blew blownbreak broke brokenbring brought broughtbuild built builtburn burnt burntbuy bought boughtcan couldcatch caught caughtchoose chose chosencome came comecost cost costcut cut cutdig dug dugdo did donedraw drew drawndrink drank drunkdrive drove driveneat ate eatenfall fell fallenfeed fed fedfeel felt feltfight fought foughtfind found foundfly flew flownforget forgot forgettenfreeze froze frozenget got gotgive gave givengo went gonegrow grew grownhang hung hunghave had hadhear heard heardhide hid hiddenhit hit hithold held heldhurt hurt hurtkeep kept keptkneel knelt knelt know knew knownlay laid laidlean leant leant leave left leftlet let letlie lay lainlose lost lostmake made mademay mightmean meant meant meet meet metmelt melted melted pay paid paidput put putread read readride rode riddenring rang rungrise rose risenrun ran runsay said saidsee saw seensell sold soldsend sent sentsew sewed sewn shake shook shaken shine shone shone show showed shown shut shut shutsing sang sungsink sank sunksit sat satsleep slept slept smell smelt smelt speak spoke spoken speed sped spedspell spelt spelt spend spent spent spin spun spun spread spread spread spring sprang sprung stand stood stood steal stole stolen stick stuck stucksweat sweated sweatedsweep swept sweptswim swam swumswing swung swungtake took takenteach taught taughttell told toldthink thought thoughtthrow threw thrownunderstand understood understoodwake woke wokenwear wore wornwin won wonwrite wrote written只有这些规则动词的过去式变化如下:一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如:worked played wanted acted以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如: lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如: stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped 注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go - went make - made get - got buy - bought come - came fly-flewAAA型,原型,过去式和过去分词同型 cost-cost-cost hit-hit-hitABB型,过去式和过去分词同型leave-left-left sell-sold-soldABC型,原型,过去式和过去分词各异ride-rode-ridden speak-spoke-spoken ABA型,原型和过去分词同型come-came-come come-came-comeAAB型,原型和过去式同型beat-beat-beaten1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。
如:begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swamdrive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote:draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)get—got,forget—forgot5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。
如:feed—fed,meet—met6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。
如:keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。
如:break—broke,speak—spoke.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。
如:sell—sold,tell—told9.动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。
如:stand—stood,understand—understood10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。
如:bring—brought,buy— bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。
如:can—could,shall—should,will—would12.把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。
如:come—came,become—became13.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。
如:hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕, say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant 〔ment〕14.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。
如:let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。
如:am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took动词原形(现在式)过去式过去分词cost cost cost 花费cut cut cut 割,切hit hit hit 打let let let 让put put put 放下read read read 读hurt hurt hurt 伤2. A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形)beat beat beaten 打3. A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形)come came come 来become became become 变run ran run 跑4. A ---B ---B型(1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。
burn burnt burnt 燃烧learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习mean meant meant 意思hear heard heard 听见(2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
build built built 建筑lend lent lent 借给lose lost lost 失去send sent sent 送spend spent spent 花费(3)其他pay paid paid 付lay laid laid 下蛋say said said 说bring brought brought 带来buy bought bought 买think thought thought 想sleep slept slept 睡keep kept kept 保持sweep swept swept 扫stand stood stood 站understand understood understood 明白win won won 得胜shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光catch caught caught 抓住teach taught taught 教feel felt felt 觉得fight fought fought 战斗find found found 发现get got got 得到hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死,挂have had had 有hold held held 盛,握leave left left 离开make made made 制造meet met met 遇见sell sold sold 卖shoot shot shot 射击tell told told 告诉smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅,闻sit sat sat 坐dig dug dug 挖5. A---B---C型(现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同)(1)在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。