EHis third experiment is studying yawning in those with brain disorders, such as autism and schizophrenia, inwhich victims have difficulty connecting emotionally with others. A psychology professor at the University of Maryland,
答案：
1.I
2.H
3.A
4.B
5.E
6.Tudor
7.JB*****
8.Why***
9.Fudor
10.A healthy dietary- frost product
11.Refrigerated transport- big cities
12.The invention of CRC-danger
科目
阅读
考试日期
2016年4月16日
考题概述与分析：
Passage One
新旧情况：旧80103
题材：发展史
题目：The impact ofrefrigeration
题型：1-5 时间配事件 6-9 人名配成就 10-13 句首配句末
文章大意：时间顺序讲了概述，冰箱运输的需求，问题，改进，形成火车运输，汽车运输有毒物质 发明crc，进一步发展（共7段）
HClinical neurology offers other surprises. Some patients with "locked-in" syndrome, who are almost totallydeprived of the ability to move voluntarily, can yawn normally. The neural circuits for spontaneous yawning must exist in
1923 that when these hemiplegics yawn, they are startled and mystified to observe that their otherwise paralyzed arm risesand flexes automatically in what neurologists term an "associated response. " Yawning apparently activates undamaged,unconsciously controlled connections between the brain and the cord motor system innervating the paralyzed limb. It isnot known whether the associated response is a positive prognosis for recovery, nor whether yawning is therapeutic forreinnervation or prevention of muscular atrophy.
the brain stem near other respiratory and vasomotor centers, because yawning is performed by anencephalic(无脑畸形)who possess only the medulla oblongata. The multiplicity of stimuli of contagious yawning, by contrast, implicates many
significantly less likely to cover their mouths which may indicate complex distinction in genders. " A watched yawnernever yawns, " Professor Provine said. However, the physical root of yawning remains a mystery. Some researchers say
primates.
CIn his first experiment, he used a psychological test to rank people on their empathic feelings. He found thatparticipants who did not score high on compassion did not yawn back. "We literally had people saying, ‘Why am I looking
believe controls empathy - the posterior cingulate, in the brain’s middle rear. " I don’t know if it's necessarily that nicepeople yawn more, but I think it’s a good indicator of a state of mind, "said Professor Platek. "It’s also a good indicator ifyou’re empathizing with me and paying attention. "
to understand why we yawn, when we yawn and why we yawn back. A professor of cognitive neuroscience at DrexelUniversity in Philadelphia, Steven Platek, studies the act of contagious yawning, something done only by people and other
BYawning is an ancient, primitive act. Humans do it even before they are born, opening wide in the womb . Somesnakes unhinge their jaws to do it. One species of penguins yawns as part of mating. Only now are researchers beginning
at people yawning?"’ Professor Platek said. "It just had no effect. "
DFor his second experiment, he put 10 students in an magnetic resonance imaging machine as they watched videotapes of people yawning. When the students watched the videos, the part of the brain which reacted was the part scientists
higher brain regions.
答案： （仅供参考）：
14.D
15.B
16.E
17.A
18.B
19.F
20.BLeeds
.CLondon
22.AAryrn
23.BLeeds
24.danger
25.rest
munication
PassageThree
题目：Plain English
GThe most extraordinary demonstration of the yawn-stretch linkage occurs in many people paralyzed on one sideof their body because of brain damage caused by a stroke. The prominent British neurologist Sir Francis Walshe noted in
it’s coordinated within the hypothalamus of the brain, the area that also controls breathing.
FYawning and stretching also share properties and may be performed together as parts of a global motor complex.But they do not always co-occur-people usually yawn when we stretch, but we don’t always stretch when we yawn,especially before bedtime. Studies by J. I. P, G. H. A. Visser and H. F. Prechtl in the early 1980s, charting movement in thedeveloping fetus using ultrasound, observed not just yawning but a link between yawning and stretching as early as theend of the first renatal trimester.
题型：27-33判断
34-40 summary
文章大意及题目：（仅供参考）在英美运动，奖励，政府与商业好处，医院好处，法律应用反对，科技应该反对