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英语句子成分分析(简单)


• 4)宾语(object)它是表示及物动词动作的对象的, 如I study English中的English。介词后面的名词 或代词,叫做介词的宾语,如They don't work on Sunday(他们星期天不工作)中的Sunday,就是介 词on的宾语。
• 5)定语(attribute)它是限定或修饰名词或代词用的 ,如He likes to drink co1d milk(他喜欢喝冷牛奶) 中的co1d。
• 2)谓语动词(predicate verb)它是说明主语的动作 或状态的,如I study English中的study。
• 3)表语(predicative)它是放在连系动词之后表示主 语的身分或特征的,如I am a student(我是一个 学生)中的student;Our classroom is clean(我们 的教室很干净)中的clean。
Grammar Learning 1
句子成分
(members of the sentence)
• 英语的句子由主语部分与谓语部分组成。具体地 讲,主要有下列六种句子成分:
• 1)主语(subject)它是句子所要说明的人或事物, 是一句的主体。如I study English(我学习英语)中 的I。
• 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指 物或事,间接宾语指人或动物.
• He gave me some books.
↓ 间接 宾语
↓ 直接 宾语
●please pass me the book. ●He bought his girlfriend some flowers.
(四)表语
在系动词后的部分就是表语 1. The war was over. 2. They seem to know the truth. 3. Time is precious. 4. I’m not quite myself today. 5. That remains a puzzle. 6. I don’t feel at ease.
1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
↓↓ ↓
↓↓

主谓 定 宾 同

语语 语 语 位


Step Two
Teaching aims:
Brief introductions to English sentences
句子成分
定义 :构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成 分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分; 主要成分:主语和谓语 次要成分:表语、宾语、定语、状语、 补足语、同位语
Hale Waihona Puke 系动词1)状态系动词(be动词) 例如: He is a teacher.
(is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。) 2)持续系动词
keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand 例如: He always kept silent at meeting.
他开会时总保持沉默。 3)表像系动词
找出句中主语
The sun rises in the east.(名词) Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) The poor are now living in the shelter. (名词化的形容词) Seeing is believing. (动名词) To see is to believe. (不定式) He likes dancing. (代词) What he needs is a book. (句子) It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
seem, appear, look, 例如: He looks tired.
(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)
㈡谓语
说明主语的动作、状态和特征 • 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 • I saw the flag on the top of the hill? • He looked after two orphans. • 复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; • He can speak English well. • She doesn’t seem to like dancing
Step Three
Study again by leading
㈠主语(subject)
句子说明的人或事物
• Jane is good at playing the piano.(名词) • She went out in a hurry. (代词) • Four plus four is eight. (数词) • To see is to believe. (不定式) • Smoking is bad for health. (动名词) • The young should respect the old(. 名词化的形容词) • What he has said is true.(句子)
(三)宾语
动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语
Show your passport, please. (名词 ) She didn't say anything. ( 代词) How many do you want? - I want two. (数词) They sent the injured to hospital. (名词化的形容词) They asked to see my passport. (不定式) I enjoy working with you.(动名词) Did you write down what he said? (句子)
• 6)状语(adverbial)它是修饰动词、形容词、副词用 的,如He works hard(他努力工作)中的hard。
• [注]虚词在句子中一律不能作为句子成分。
Step one:
Reviewing Test: 1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
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