3. 表示目的 表示目的：
常用词：Aim, intend, seek, objective, purpose, etc 常用句型： One of the purposes of this study is… This paper seeks to justify … in terms of … The aim of the study is to carry out the analysis for… The study is intended to …
1.
The process is analyzed using… A principle of constructing … is considered in the paper. The influence of … is investigated on ….
2.表示观察与证明 表示观察与证明： 表示观察与证明 常用词：demonstrate, find, indicate, observe, show, etc 常用句型： It is shown that… Studies have shown that… New evidence indicates that … In this paper, the author shows how… n this paper, it is demonstrated that…
4. 表示范围： 表示范围：
常用词： be, contain, cover, include, etc. 常用句： The article contains some practical recommendations on… Subjects cover /include… Some of the specific topics discussed are… The scope of the research covers…
英语论文摘要常用参考词语和句型
表示文章课题的词和句型： 表示文章课题的词和句型： 词： Consider, discuss, analyze, investigate, study等 句型：This article discusses the reasons for … 句型 and offers an insight into… This paper analyses some important characteristics of … The paper examines … and considers… The author considers two specific subjects which…
wind tunnel test facilities and the research on test simulation techniques in high Speed Aerodynamics Institute of CARDC. This has shown that a big leap in comprehensive test capabilities has been made and a more solid and broader test platform has been built for the development of aerospace vehicles and aerodynamics in High Speed Institute.
The paper looks at… The author presents a principle that predicts… The author describes a configuration of… The brief history of … is presented. Performance goals and various approaches to … are briefly described
5. 表示要点：
常用词： Be, concentrate on, give, play, place, focus/ emphasis/ centralize on… 常用句型： Attention is concentrated on… Particular attention is paid to… There has been a focus on … and attention is being paid to… This report concentrated on… The greatest emphasis has been on… The primary emphasis in this article is on…
摘要的翻译
英语的摘要的特点： 英语的摘要的特点： 1. 在语言上简洁、客观、规范。 在语言上简洁、客观、规范。 2. 有一些常用的英语的对应词，如：discuss, 有一些常用的英语的对应词， study, concentrate on, explain, illustrate, indicate, show, demonstrate, express, introduce, present, summarize, sum up, generalize, put forward, suggest等。 等 3. 常有固定句型 摘要中最常用的句型有三种：主 常有固定句型. 摘要中最常用的句型有三种： 系表结构，主谓宾和主语谓语加宾语从句， 系表结构，主谓宾和主语谓语加宾语从句， 一些常用句型见后面的表 4. 时态一般用一般现在时。主动和被动语态均可 时态一般用一般现在时。 使用。 使用。
7. 计量与运算 常用词：Calculate, determine, estimate, measure, compute… 常用句型： This paper determines the energetically rational range of… As part of … the author has measured the minimum velocities of… 8.概括与综述 常用词：Review, summarize, generalize… This paper reviews/summarizes/generalizes the theory from…and presents…
利用自动CAD作为绘图培训的工具：个案研究 本文描述了利用自动计算机辅助设计软件 （AutoCAD）作为工具，对学生进行计算机辅助 绘图教学的问题。同时还讨论了选用该软件的理 由及其局限性，并提供了表明该软件能力的实例。 AutoCAD As A Cartographic Training Tool: A Case Study Abstract: A description is given of the use of AutoCAD for teaching students about computerassisted cartography. The reasons for its selection are also discussed as are its limitations. Some examples demonstrating its capabilities are provided.
高速气动力试验新进展 摘要：本文简要介绍了气动中心高速所近年来在高 速风洞试验设备发展和试验模拟技术研究方面的部 分新成果，表面高速所的科研试验综合能力又跃上 了一个新台阶，为航空航天飞行器研究和空气动力 学发展构筑起了一个更坚实和宽广的实验研究平台。 Recent Advances in High Speed Aerodynamic Testing Abstract: This paper briefly presents some resent achievements in the development of high speed
8. 比较与评估
常用词： Agree with, assess, compare, evaluate… 常用句型： The present work evaluates the low temperature properties of… The role of … has been critically assessed by… The calculated results agree with experimental results…
6. 表示内容 表示内容：
常用词：Address, concern, deal with, describe, illustrate, involve in, look at, present, relate to, support, etc. 常用句型： The paper addresses the problem of… The paper deals with… The paper describes the principles and techniques of… The paper is concerned with the problem of…