第十一节主谓一致★知识讲练在英语中,所谓“主谓一致”,主要指主语和谓语在“人称”和“数”上的一致,其基本原则有三条:一、语法一致,即主语与谓语在形式上的一致1、be动词的用法：我用am, 你用are, is用于他、她、它，我们，你们和他们都是are, 单数用is, 复数用are.2、each以及由some-, any-, no-, every等构成的不定代词及either, neither 作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。
3、不定式(短语)、v-ing形式(短语)、从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
4、some /all /half/ most/ the rest / two thirds/a lot/ %等(+of+名词或代词)作主语时,应根据它们所代替的事物来确定谓语动词的单复数。
如果代替的是复数名词,则谓语动词用复数;如果代替的是不可数名词,则谓语动词用单数。
5、 ...pair(s) / kind(s) / sort(s)等+of+名词作主语时,谓语动词常与pair(s) / kind(s) / sort(s)等保持一致。
6、某些只有复数形式的名词（如：clothes, trousers, shorts. glasses, shoes , pants等）作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
7、one+of+复数名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
8、none / neither / either+of+复数名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数。
9、a number of+名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数;the number of+名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
互动演练1. I _____from China, he ______from China too. We _____ both Chinese. (be)2. Somebody ______(want) to see you, sir.Each boy and each girl ______ (be) given a new book.Everyone ______ (be) ready for the sports meeting.3. To tell a lie _______(be) not right.Eating a balanced diet ______ (be) important for us.What you said ______ (be) very strange.1.The rest of the money _______(have)been given to the poor.2.Two thirds of the students in our class _______ (be) boys.Most of the computers _________(be) bought from Shanghai.5. This kind of apples_______ (taste) sweet.These kinds of apples ______ (be) produced in Shandong Province.A pair of glasses _______(be) lying on the table.6. Glasses _________ (be) important for me.7. One of the doors _______(be) broken.8. I ordered ten books last month, but none of the books_________(have) arrived up to now.None of them ____ (want) an MP9. The number of students in our school _____(be) 1000, and a number of them _____(be) girls.二、意义一致,即主语与谓语在意义上的一致。
1、由and连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数;但如果表示的是一种事物或一种概念,则谓语动词用单数。
2、family, team, group等集体名词作主语时,如果指整体,谓语动词用单数;如果指其中的成员,谓语动词用复数。
3、people, police, cattle等集体名词作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。
4、表示金钱、时间、距离等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。
如:5、算式中加法和乘法可用单数或复数，但减法和除法只能用单数。
6、one and a half的后面接复数名词作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。
互动演练1. The teacher and writer _______ (come)to give us a talk once a week. The teacher and the writer _______ (come)to give us a talk once a week. Fish and chips ________ (be) a popular supper.2. My family _______ (be)a small one with three people.Our group ________(like) playing football.The football team ______(be)training on the playground.3. The police_______ (be) helping a girl look for her mother.4. One hundred yuan ______(be)not a small amount to him.Three years______ (be) a long time.5. Ten minus five ______(be)five.Three times three ______(be)nine.6. One and a half bananas ____ (be) a good meal for the monkey.三、就近原则,即谓语动词的形式与邻近的主语一致。
1、由not only……but（also）…… ,either……or……,neither……nor……, not……but……或or连接两个并列主语时。
2、there be结构注意主语后有with, along with, as well as ,but等词或短语时，谓语动词的数由主语的单复数决定（就远原则）互动演练1.Not only my parents but also I__ (be) looking forward to meeting my uncle.2.Neither the students nor their teacher_ (be) going to the park tomorrow.3. There______ (be) a book and two pencils on the desk.4. Mr. Green with his wife and two daughters ______(be)coming to China. His classmates as well as he ______(be)going to the market.★夯实基础1. The secretary and manager ____ very busy now.A. isB. areC. was2. The population of this town _____ 300, 000.A. areB. isC. has3. Two days____ enough for me to finish the work, I need a third day.A. isn’tB. isC. aren’t4. There ____ many new words in lesson one, It is very easy.A. isB. aren’tC. isn’t5. Neither Liping nor I ____a basketball player.A. amB. isC. are7. —_____ this pair of shoes yours?—No. My shoes _____ under the bed.A. Is; isB. Are; isC. Is; are8. His family ____ all very kind and friendly. His family____ a happy one.A. are; isB. is; isC. is; are9. The Chinese people _____hard-working and brave.A. areB. isC. has been10. That place is not interesting at all, ____of us wants to go there.A. NeitherB. BothC. All11. Both Lily and Lucy ____to the party yesterday.A. were invitedB. was invitedC. had invite12.About 20 percent of the work ____done yesterday.A. wasB. isC. were13. Not only you but also he _____ the exam.A. was passedB. has passedC. had passed14. Collecting stamps _____ my hobby.A. isB. areC. has15. —What _____ the number of the workers in the factory?—Two thousand. And a large number of them _____ women.A. is; isB. is; areC. are; is16. The old ____in the city.A. take good care ofB. are taken good care ofC. is taken good care of17. ---How many lessons do you usually have a day?---Six lessons a day. And each of them ______45 minutes.A. lastB. lastsC. have18. The boy with the two dogs _____when the earthquake rocked the city.A. were sleepingB. is sleepingC. was sleeping★经典真题1.【2011河源】39.The number of teachers in our school _______ greatly increased last term. A number of teachers in this school ______from the countryside.A. was; isB. was; areC. were; areD. were; is2.【2011黑龙江齐齐哈尔】23. This is my twin sister, Lucy. Not only she but also I ______ good at drawing.A. isB. amC. are3.【2011广安市】33. －How much is the pair of shoes?－Twenty dollars ______ enough.A. isB. areC. am4.【2011浙江】28.One of my friends __moved to America.I miss her so much.A. hasB. haveC. isD. are5.【2011 湖南衡阳】31.—Do you like your new T–shirt?—Yes. Not only I but also my mother ______ it.A. likesB. likeC. doesn’t like6.【2011湖北黄石】34. The head teacher with his students_______Teanchengshan Park if it _______tomorrow.A. is going to; isn’t rainyB. are going to; isn’t rainyC. is going to; won’t rainD. are going to; doesn’t rain7.【2011广东】37. —David, there _____ a dictionary and some books on your desk. Please put them away. —OK. Mum. I’ll do it right away.A. isB. areC. hasD. have8.【2011四川】8. Physics__ more difficult than Chinese, do you think so? -- Yes, I think so.A. isB. areC. has9.【2011湖北黄冈】42. —Which would you like, tea or coffee?—Either ________ OK, but I prefer coffee _______milk.A. is; withB. is; toC. are; withD. are; to10.【2011四川资阳】22. Each of the girls here______ to the West Lake twice.A. have goneB. have beenC. has goneD. has been11.【2011】26.There____ going to be a basketball match this afternoon.A. areB. isC. haveD. will★能力提升根据句意，补全句子1. Both of my parents ______good at English.2. There ______going to be a football game on TV this evening.3. Ten minus two______ eight.4. The Greens ______getting ready for their trip.5. 70% of the earth ______covered with water.6. Our class ______ better than any other class at playing basketball in our school.7. The teacher, with some students ______busy getting ready for the party.8. The population of this city ________ about 10 million.9. Neither you nor he ________ been to America.10. Reading books in the sun ________bad for your eyes11. One thousand dollars ________ a lot of money.12. One of my friends _______coming to see me.13. Class Five ________ all out on the playground. They are having P.E.14. Not only the students but also the teacher ________ gone to the Window of the World.15. My blue trousers ________ worn out. I need to buy a new pair.。