unit 6shaping and reshaping personality objective: Focus on the major pointsdifficulties: technical termskey words:health tipstips提示, 技巧small but useful piece of practical advicevocabulary:cholesterol胆固醇[kə'lestərəul]A white, crystalline substance, C27H 45OH, found in animal tissues and various foods, that is normally synthesized by the liver and is important as a constituent of cellmembranes and a precursor to steroid hormones. Its level in the bloodstream can influence the pathogenesis of certain conditions, such as the development of atherosclerotic plaque and coronary artery disease.胆固醇：一种白色结晶体物质，C27H 45OH，发现于动物细胞组织和多种食物中，一般由肝合成，作为细胞膜的组成部分是极为重要的，并且是类固醇荷尔蒙的前驱。

在血流中的程度能影响特种疾病的发病，如动脉粥样硬化病和冠状动脉疾病的发展elongate['i:lɔŋgeit]拉长, (使)伸长, 延长make sth. longeryou’re going to hear some health tips1.T ea contains natural chemicals. These chemicals block the action of some substances produced in the bodies that cause cancer. Tea contains the same substance in fruits and vegetables. Drinking tea could protect people’s health.2.C igarette smokers of any age reduce their risk of developing lung cancer when they stop smoking. It is never too late to stop smoking.3.W alking has a good effect on the heart because it reduces blood pressure, blood sugar and blood cholesterol level. It is never too late to start exercising.4.V itamins are necessary for good health. However, extremely large amounts of some vitamins may cause health problems. It is far better to get vitamins from eating fresh, natural food than from taking vitamin pills.5.L aughter is one of the most wonderful releases. It releases the chemical that is life-enhancing and life-elongating. It heals wounds and promotes a healthier being.BKey words:a heart attackchemicalalcohol酒精, 酒vocabularyabdomen['æbdəmen]腹, 腹部= bellypart of the body below the chestserotonin[.serə'təunin]n. 5-羟色胺，血清素含于血液中的复合胺àn 5-羟色胺：一种来源于色胺酸，尤见于脑、血清和胃粘膜等动物和人体组织的有机物，C10H 12N 2O，在血管收缩、刺激平滑肌、神经细胞间冲动传导以及周期性体内过程调节中起作用An organic compound, C10H 12N 2O, formed from tryptophan and found in animal and human tissue, especially the brain, blood serum, and gastric mucous membranes, and active in vasoconstriction, stimulation of the smooth muscles, transmission of impulses between nerve cells, and regulation of cyclic body processes.gastric['gæstrik]胃的，与胃有关或有联系的Of, relating to, or associated with the stomach.dehydrogenase[di:'haidrədʒəneis]脱氢酶n.Biochemistry （名词）【生物化学】An enzyme that catalyzes the removal and transfer of hydrogen from a substrate in an oxidation-reduction reaction.脱氢酶：一种酶，能在氧化还原反应过程中，对脱去作用物中的氢并转化氢起催化作用TAPESCRITPThe United States government’s Office of Research on Women’s health is observing its tenth anniversary.During those ten years it has made important discoveries about differences in the health of men and women.Studies organized by the Office of Research on Women’s Health have shown that differences between men and women can influence medical treatment.For example, researchers learned that men and women can react differently to a heart attack. Men usually have chest pain. But womenmay not. Instead, they may suffer pain in the abdomen. They also may have stomach sickness and feel very tired. Women may not recognize that they are having a heart attack. Research also has shown that the brains of men and women use the chemical serotonin differently. Serotonin helps prevent the condition of continued severe sadness called depression. Men’s brains use serotonin much more effectively than women’s brains do. This may help explain why women suffer depression two or three times more often than men do.Other research shows that alcohol affects men and women differently. Men and women in one experiment drank the same amount of alcoholic drinks. Then researchers measured their blood for alcohol levels. Thewomen had higher levels of alcohol in their blood. Women produce less of substance called gastric alcohol dehydrogenase. This causes them to break down alcohol more slowly than man.part 2spread of virusesviruses: 病毒Any of various simple submicroscopic parasites of plants, animals, and bacteria that often cause disease and that consist essentially of a core of RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein coat. Unable to replicate without a host cell, viruses are typically not considered living organisms.病毒:各种动物、植物和细菌的简单亚微观寄生虫之一，常引起疾病，主要由核糖核酸或脱氧核糖酸的一个核组成，周围有蛋白质包围。

离开寄主细胞不能复制本身，病毒通常不被认作为是生物体public restroom: toilet, WCinfectious diseases传染病cholera: ['kɔlərə]霍乱an acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of contaminated water or food；An acute infectious disease of the small intestine, caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae and characterized by profuse watery diarrhea, vomiting, muscle cramps, severe dehydration, and depletion ofelectrolytes.霍乱:一种症状为大量水泻、呕吐、肌肉痉挛、严重脱水以及电解质缺失的小肠急性传染病，由霍乱弧菌引起hepatitis: [.hepə'taitis]肝炎Inflammation of the liver, caused by infectious or toxic agents and characterized by jaundice, fever, liver enlargement, and abdominal pain.肝炎肝部发炎，由传染性或有毒性因素引起。