【英语】高考英语专题汇编现在完成时(一)及解析一、单项选择现在完成时1．The boy pretended ______ asleep when his father came back.A．to fall B．to have fallenC．to be falling D．have fallen【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查固定句型和时态。
句意：他的父亲回来时，这个男孩假装睡着了。
pretend to do sth.假装做某事，该句型是固定句型。
表示动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，用现在完成时，故选B。
2．The disease is a huge blow for the farmers. Hundreds of them ______ their animals, livelihood and hopes destroyed and many others fear they _____ the same fate.A．have seen; will suffer B．saw; sufferedC．had seen; was to suffer D．see; suffer【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态。
句意：这种疾病对农民来说是一个巨大的打击。
数以百计的人目睹了他们的动物、生计和希望被摧毁，还有许多人担心他们会遭受同样的命运。
结合句意可知第一空用现在完成时态；第二空用一般将来时态。
故选A。
3．______ trees _______ in the past few years.A．A good many of , were planted B．A good many, were plantedC．A number of , have planted D．A number of, have been planted【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查词组和时态。
句意：在过去的几年里已经种了许多树。
根据句末的in the past few years（在过去的几年）可知，本句需使用现在完成时，故A、B选项直接排除；又因为“树”与“种植”之间是动宾（被动）关系，故应该使用被动语态，因此C选项是错误的。
故选D。
4．In the past twenty years, a huge amount of environmental damage ________ by air pollution. A．has been caused B．have been causedC．was caused D．were caused【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。
句意：在过去的二十年里，空气污染已经对环境造成了很大的危害。
“in the past +一段时间”一般与现在完成时连用，故排除C，D。
分析可知，句子的主语a huge amount of environmental damage和谓语cause之间是动宾关系，所以要用被动语态。
主语为单数，谓语动词也要用单数。
故选A项。
【点睛】a huge amount of意为“大量的”，修饰不可数名词。
本题中environmental damage为不可数名词，由a huge amount of修饰，a huge amount of environmental damage为主语表示单数，所以谓语动词要用单数。
5．The Reform and Opening-up, having passed its brilliant age of 40 years ,____the backward situation of the Chinese nation and influenced the world.A．change B．changesC．has changed D．have changed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态。
句意：改革开放，走过了辉煌的40年，改变了中华民族的落后局面并影响世界。
句中强调“改革开放40年”对现在的影响，故用现在完成时。
故选C。
6．Tony is one of the five students in his class who ______ the exam. How lucky he is!A．is passing B．passesC．has passed D．have passed【答案】D【解析】考察时态语态。
托尼是班上5个通过考试的学生之一，他真幸运。
由题意可知，通过考试这件事在人谈论这件事之前发生，所以，采用完成时态。
通过考试是主动形式，并且定语从句中的who修饰的是five students，所以是have passed，故选D考点：考察时态和语态7．Only since the Industrial Revolution ________ in places away from their homes or been left to raise small children without the help of multiple adults.A．most people have worked B．have most people workedC．most people had worked D．had most people worked【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查倒装和时态。
句意：就是从工业革命开始，多数人去远离他们家的某些地方工作或是被留下来养育孩子，没有许多成年人帮助。
“only＋时间状语”放在句首，句子需用部分倒装；再根据since可知用现在完成时，故选B。
8．We have done things we ought not to have done and undone things we ought to have done.A．leaving B．leftC．will leave D．leave【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时。
句意: 不该做的事我们都做了,留下该做的事都没做。
句子主干是个并列句，即we have done things we ought not to have done和left undone things we ought to have done，所以have done和have left是并列谓语，其中have相同，省略，只不过两个并列句里分别含有一个定语从句，第一个分句中we ought not to have done作things的定语，第二个分句中we ought to have done作things的定语。
故选B选项正确。
9．The musician along with his band members ________ ten performances in the last three months.A．gives B．has given C．have given D．give【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。
句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。
由“in the last three months”可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除AD选项。
本句主语为the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
故选B。
10．The Chinese women’s volleyball team won the gold medal at the Rio Olympics, which is the third time the team Olympic gold.A．claimed B．has claimedC．has been claiming D．had claimed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。
句型：it is the+序数词+time that从句，从句谓语动词要使用现在完成时。
claim有权利要求得到，与主语the team为主谓关系，应用主动语态。
句意：中国女排在里约奥运会上获得了金牌，这是第三次团队获得奥运金牌。
故选B。
11．—Let’s go for a nice walk into the country this af ternoon.—I’d like to, but I ________ to go with Alice to buy some clothes.A．agreed B．will agree C．have agreed D．had agreed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时。
句意：---今天下午我们去乡村散散步吧。
---我很想去，但是我已经答应和爱丽丝一起去买衣服了。
现在完成时表示过去动作对现在造成的影响。
由“but ”可知，作者已经答应和爱丽丝一起去买衣服了，所以不能去乡村散步了。
故可知选C项。
12．— When will the bike-sharing schemes be introduced to the public?— Not until _______ a better understanding of them.A．we have had B．will we have hadC．have we had D．we will have had【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时间状语从句。
句意：--公共单车共乘计划将于何时推出?---直到对它们有了更好的了解。
根据第一句话可知这是将来时，但是until引导的是时间状语从句，从句中要用现在时代替将来时。
not until位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，但是从句不用，故选A。
13．The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ___________ with each other. A．they have quarreled B．have they quarreledC．they had quarreled D．had they quarreled【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查倒装。
句意：那对老夫妻已经结婚40年了，从来都没有争吵过。
never放在后句的句首，要用部分倒装，for 40 years表明应该用现在完成时，故B项正确。
【点睛】当含有否定意义的词never，seldom，little，hardly，not，by no means位于句首时，后面的句子要使用部分倒装。
14．Ladies and gentlemen, due to the heavy rain, the star who you ______ to see perform will arrive in an hour.A．have come B．come C．came D．are coming【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时。